Effect of Selecting Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Males by Age and Feeding Behavior on Nondiapause Progeny

In a nondiapause culture of cereal leaf beetles, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), females ovipositing within 20 days after emergence were considered nondiapause. However, sexually active males in the same generation could be nondiapause or prediapause. Changes in the nondiapause incidence were compared between progenies from\u3e 15 day old males that were feeding actively and photopositive (considered \u27nondiapause\u27 males) and progenies from younger males (nonselected males). Nondiapause females increased by 19% (n = 35 generations) and decreased 22% (n 31 generations) in the progenies of \u27nondiapause\u27 and nonselected males, respectively, suggesting that nondiapause males were selected in the former group, but prediapause males in the latter group substantially decreased nondiapause. In one generation, 14 progenies from individual pairs ranged from 21 to 100% nondiapause females, indicating that each sex in each parental pair was nondiapause, but nondiapause was incompletely expressed in most of the progenies. The percentage of \u27nondiapause\u27 males was not significantly different than, and was strongly correlated to the percentage of nondiapause females of the same generation, indicating that nondiapause was not sex-linked, and that selecting males by age and behavior decreased the probability of dilution of nondiapause by prediapause males

Letter, Richard L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan, November 1, 1914

This handwritten letter, dated November 1, 1914, is written from R.L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan. The letter addresses a letter McLellan sent to Mrs. Hoxie (Vinnie Ream Hoxie) and informs McLellan that Mrs. Hoxie is ill and unable to reply but he is sending along the book she promised to McLellan.https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/fvw-manuscripts-hoxie/1010/thumbnail.jp

The Calculated Risk in Strategy

At the highest levels the science of warfare and statesmanship have always been inseparable, So, likewise, political and military strategy cannot be dissociated, particularly in the challenges we face and will continue to face with Communism

Letter, Richard L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan, May 6, 1916

This handwritten letter, dated May 6, 1916, is written from R.L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan. The letter is a response to McLellan and is largely illegible. The letter is written on the right half of a landscape oriented page of paper. The envelope included is postmarked Washington, D. C., May 6, 1916 and a red two cent stamp is in the upper right corner. the left edge of the envelope has return instructions.https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/fvw-manuscripts-hoxie/1009/thumbnail.jp

Letter, Richard L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan, May 30, 1914

This handwritten letter, dated May 30, 1916, is written from R. L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan. The letter thanks McLellan for an article. The rest of the letter is largely illegible.https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/fvw-manuscripts-hoxie/1003/thumbnail.jp

5-An Archaeological Survey of Kalamazoo County, Michigan: 1979 Multiple Transect Survey in the Middle Kalamazoo River Valley

CONTENTS Prehistoric Site Survey in the Kalamazoo Basin The 1979 Project Area Previous Archaeological Research in the Project Area Previously Known Sites in Transect A Previously Known Sites in Transect B Site Survey Methodology Research Design Field Procedures Curation of Cultural Materials Description of Sites Recorded and Catalog of Surface Collections Sites in Transect A Sites in Transect B Interpretations and Conclusions Comments on Management of Cultural Resources Catalog of Artifactual Material Recovered During Survey References Cited Series of Maps Showing the Locations of Sites not Included on Maps in the Text Kalamazoo Basin Archaeological Project: Allegan County Survey, 1976-1978 General Soils Map: Kalamazoo-Black-Macatawa- Paw Paw Rivers Basin Kalamazoo Basin Survey: Kalamazoo County Kalamazoo Basin Survey; 1979: Transect A Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: Transect B Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: Previously Known Sites in Transect A Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: Previously Known Sites in Transect B Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: Sampling Strata in Transect A Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: Sampling Strata in Transect B Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: Quarter- Sections Surveyed in Transect A Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: New Archaeological Sites in Transect A Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: Quarter- Sections Surveyed in Transect B Kalamazoo Basin Survey, 1979: New Archaeological Sites in Transect B Survey Coverage of Transect A by Stratum and Random Sampling Unit (1/4 Section or 64.75 ha) Survey Coverage of Transect B by Stratum and Random Sampling Unit (1/4 Section or 64.75 ha) Site Density per Km2 (Calculated by Dividing the Number of Sites by the Actual Km2 Surveyed) for Transects A and B by Sampling Stratum Occupational Intensity Values Calculated for Sampling Strata in Transects A and B Plate 1: Schmidtke Collection (KBS-79-Al3) Plate 2: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-B5) Plate 3: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-B5) Plate 4: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-B5) Plate 5: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-BS) Plate 6: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-B5) Plate 7: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-B5) Plate 8: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-B5) Plate 9: Campbell Collection (KBS-79-B5

2-An Archaeological Survey of Allegan County, Michigan: 1977 Transect Survey in the Lower Kalamazoo River Valley

Western Michigan University has sponsored archaeological field work in the Kalamazoo River Valley for the last 10 years. For the most part this research has been carried out by the Department of Anthropology\u27s archaeological field school, which has been located in the lower valley during all or portions of 6 field seasons: 1968, 1969, 1973, 1976, 1977 and 1978. Prior to 1976, the Department\u27s field program was directed by Elizabeth Baldwin Garland; and since that time by Garland and William Cremin. With the inception of the Kalamazoo Basin Archaeological Project in 1976, the research objectives of our program in this universe have necessitated that we initiate systematic site survey as a means of acquiring data which could be used to delineate and explain prehistoric land use patterns. To collect these data, the first in a series of cross-valley transect surveys was conducted in the Hacklander site environs as part of the 1976 field school (Figure 1). On this occasion the survey was supported entirely out of the field school budget. Since then our survey program has been funded by National Register grants obtained through the Michigan History Division, Michigan Department of State

Thrombin Receptors on Human Platelets INITIAL LOCALIZATION AND SUBSEQUENT REDISTRIBUTION DURING PLATELET ACTIVATION

Platelet responses to thrombin are at least partly mediated by a G-protein-coupled receptor whose NH2 terminus is a substrate for thrombin. In the present studies we have examined the location of thrombin receptors in resting platelets and followed their redistribution during platelet activation. The results reveal several new aspects of thrombin receptor biology. 1) On resting platelets, approximately two-thirds of the receptors were located in the plasma membrane. The remainder were present in the membranes of the surface connecting system. 2) When platelets were activated by ADP or a thromboxane analog, thrombin receptors that were initially in the surface connecting system were exposed on the platelet surface, increasing the number of detectable receptors by 40% and presumably making them available for subsequent activation by thrombin. 3) Platelet activation by thrombin rapidly abolished the binding of the antibodies whose epitopes are sensitive to receptor cleavage and left the platelets in a state refractory to both thrombin and the agonist peptide, SFLLRN. This was accompanied by a 60% decrease in the binding of receptor antibodies directed COOH-terminal to the cleavage site irrespective of whether the receptors were activated proteolytically by thrombin or nonproteolytically by SFLLRN. 4) The loss of antibody binding sites caused by thrombin was due in part to receptor internalization and in part to the shedding of thrombin receptors into membrane microparticles, especially under conditions in which aggregation was allowed to occur. However, at least 40% of the cleaved receptors remained on the platelet surface. 5) Lacking the ability to synthesize new receptors and lacking an intracellular reserve of preformed receptors comparable to that found in endothelial cells, platelets were unable to repopulate their surface with intact receptors following exposure to thrombin. This difference underlies the ability of endothelial cells to recover responsiveness to thrombin rapidly while platelets do not, despite the presence on both of the same receptor for thrombin

Absolute properties of the spotted eclipsing binary star CV Bootis

We present new V-band differential brightness measurements as well as new radial-velocity measurements of the detached, circular, 0.84-day period, double-lined eclipsing binary system CV Boo. These data along with other observations from the literature are combined to derive improved absolute dimensions of the stars for the purpose of testing various aspects of theoretical modeling. Despite complications from intrinsic variability we detect in the system, and despite the rapid rotation of the components, we are able to determine the absolute masses and radii to better than 1.3% and 2%, respectively. We obtain M(A) = 1.032 +/- 0.013 M(Sun) and R(B) = 1.262 +/- 0.023 R(Sun) for the hotter, larger, and more massive primary (star A), and M(B) = 0.968 +/- 0.012 M(Sun) and R(B) = 1.173 +/- 0.023 R(Sun) for the secondary. The estimated effective temperatures are 5760 +/- 150 K and 5670 +/- 150 K. The intrinsic variability with a period about 1% shorter than the orbital period is interpreted as being due to modulation by spots on one or both components. This implies that the spotted star(s) must be rotating faster than the synchronous rate, which disagrees with predictions from current tidal evolution models according to which both stars should be synchronized. We also find that the radius of the secondary is larger than expected from stellar evolution calculations by about 10%, a discrepancy also seen in other (mostly lower-mass and active) eclipsing binaries. We estimate the age of the system to be approximately 9 Gyr. Both components are near the end of their main-sequence phase, and the primary may have started the shell hydrogen-burning stage.Comment: 17 pages in emulateapj format, including figures and tables. To appear in The Astronomical Journa

Quantification of Entry Phenotypes of Macrophage-Tropic HIV-1 across a Wide Range of CD4 Densities

Defining a macrophage-tropic phenotype for HIV-1 to assess a role in pathogenesis is complicated by the fact that HIV-1 isolates vary continuously in their ability to enter monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in vitro, and MDMs vary in their ability to support HIV-1 entry. To overcome these limitations, we identified consistent differences in entry phenotypes between five paired blood-derived, T cell-tropic HIV-1 env genes, four of which are CCR5-using (R5) and one of which is CXCR4-using (X4), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-derived, R5 macrophage-tropic env genes. We performed entry assays using the CD4- and CCR5-inducible Affinofile cell line, expressing a range of CD4 levels that approximates the range from MDMs to CD4+ T cells. The macrophage-tropic viruses were significantly better at infecting cells expressing low levels of CD4 than the T cell-tropic viruses from the same subjects, with the titration of CD4 providing a distinctive and quantitative phenotype. This difference in CD4 utilization was not due to macrophage-tropic viruses being CD4 independent. Furthermore, macrophage-tropic viruses did not differ from paired T cell-tropic viruses in their ability to use low levels of CCR5 (tpaired = −1.39; P = 0.24) or their use of an alternative conformation of CCR5. We also infected MDMs with a panel of viruses and observed that infectivity of each virus differed across four donors and between three preparations from a single donor. We concluded that the evolutionary transition from replication in T cells to that in macrophages involves a phenotypic transition to acquire the ability to infect cells expressing low levels of CD4 and that this phenotype is more reliably measured in Affinofile cells than in macrophages