Effect of Selecting Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Males by Age and Feeding Behavior on Nondiapause Progeny

In a nondiapause culture of cereal leaf beetles, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), females ovipositing within 20 days after emergence were considered nondiapause. However, sexually active males in the same generation could be nondiapause or prediapause. Changes in the nondiapause incidence were compared between progenies from\u3e 15 day old males that were feeding actively and photopositive (considered \u27nondiapause\u27 males) and progenies from younger males (nonselected males). Nondiapause females increased by 19% (n = 35 generations) and decreased 22% (n 31 generations) in the progenies of \u27nondiapause\u27 and nonselected males, respectively, suggesting that nondiapause males were selected in the former group, but prediapause males in the latter group substantially decreased nondiapause. In one generation, 14 progenies from individual pairs ranged from 21 to 100% nondiapause females, indicating that each sex in each parental pair was nondiapause, but nondiapause was incompletely expressed in most of the progenies. The percentage of \u27nondiapause\u27 males was not significantly different than, and was strongly correlated to the percentage of nondiapause females of the same generation, indicating that nondiapause was not sex-linked, and that selecting males by age and behavior decreased the probability of dilution of nondiapause by prediapause males

Tillering Response of \u27Monon\u27 And \u27Newton\u27 Winter Wheats Infested With Biotype L Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Larvae

Two wheat, Triticum aestivum, cultivars that differed in their ability to tiller were infested by ovipositing Hessian flies, Mayetiola destructor, under similar controlled conditions. Since a larva typically stunts and kills the stem where it feeds and develops, tiller development of fly infested-wheat seedlings is an important plant trait relative to grain yield. \u27Monon\u27 tillered more than \u27Newton at the 0 infestation level (control). \u27Monon\u27 had about the same number of tillers at 0, 1, 2, and 3 puparia (indicative of the number of feeding larvae) per plant; and \u27Newton\u27 had fewer tillers at 0 than 1, 2, or 3 puparia per stem. However, tillering of both cultivars was less at 4 or more puparia per stem, perhaps due to the depletion of plant nutrients. In general, for both cultivars there was a decrease in leaf length, number and wet weight as the number of puparia increased per tiller

Electroantennogram Responses of the Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to Volatile Chemicals of Seedling Oats

Armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta, eIectroantennogram (EAG) responses to 10 volatile chemicals of seedling oats and three of injured green plants were significantly different from each other while cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melallopus, EAG responses were not significantly different. The EAG responses of both species did not vary significantly with respect to sex, age, or between the antennae of the same specimen. (E)-2-hexenol, a compound extracted from injured green plants, yielded the highest peak response for the armyworm while more cereal leaf beetle antennae responded to this chemical than any other chemical. Armyworm antennallife averaged 38 + 20 min while those of the cereal leaf beetle averaged 6 + 14 min

Letter, Vinnie Ream Hoxie to Unknown, July 6, 1914

This handwritten letter, dated July 6, 1914, is written from Vinnie Ream Hoxie to an unidentified person. The letter discusses a book the letter recipient requested and a statue in Iowa, accepts the offer of a copy of an article, and mentions her current projects. A typed copy of the letter is included.https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/fvw-manuscripts-hoxie/1005/thumbnail.jp

What Was Taney Thinking? American Indian Citizenship in the Era of \u3cem\u3eDred Scott\u3c/em\u3e

Historians have often noted that Chief Justice Taney\u27s decision in Dred Scott juxtaposed a denial of African American rights to citizenship with an assertion that Native Americans could obtain that status. Explaining this apparently inconsistent description of two racial minority groups requires an examination of the history of Native American classification in the law prior to 1857. This article argues that political leaders and judges of Taney\u27s generation were committed to the removal of Indian tribes from eastern states and commonly proposed this removal as a choice between migrating west or dissolving tribal governments in order to remain in the East as individuals. The possibility of acquiring state citizenship was therefore an important argument for pro-removal advocates. The Taney decision represents an example of the complex racial and national formulations that characterized the decades immediately prior to the Civil War—a period in which courts and political leaders attempted to define rules for defining regimes of difference. At a time when there were no national standards of citizenship and little sense that federal authorities could enforce citizenship rights against the actions of states, judges like Taney created distinctions that tried to preserve fundamental democratic principles while defending white privilege. Finally, the article uses Taney\u27s formulation to clarify the arguments of Indian jurists who called for federal recognition of treaty obligations and who defended tribal citizenship as a mark of civilization and racial progress

What Was Taney Thinking? American Indian Citizenship in the Era of \u3cem\u3eDred Scott\u3c/em\u3e

Historians have often noted that Chief Justice Taney\u27s decision in Dred Scott juxtaposed a denial of African American rights to citizenship with an assertion that Native Americans could obtain that status. Explaining this apparently inconsistent description of two racial minority groups requires an examination of the history of Native American classification in the law prior to 1857. This article argues that political leaders and judges of Taney\u27s generation were committed to the removal of Indian tribes from eastern states and commonly proposed this removal as a choice between migrating west or dissolving tribal governments in order to remain in the East as individuals. The possibility of acquiring state citizenship was therefore an important argument for pro-removal advocates. The Taney decision represents an example of the complex racial and national formulations that characterized the decades immediately prior to the Civil War—a period in which courts and political leaders attempted to define rules for defining regimes of difference. At a time when there were no national standards of citizenship and little sense that federal authorities could enforce citizenship rights against the actions of states, judges like Taney created distinctions that tried to preserve fundamental democratic principles while defending white privilege. Finally, the article uses Taney\u27s formulation to clarify the arguments of Indian jurists who called for federal recognition of treaty obligations and who defended tribal citizenship as a mark of civilization and racial progress

Letter, Richard L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan, November 1, 1914

This handwritten letter, dated November 1, 1914, is written from R.L. Hoxie to Hugh McLellan. The letter addresses a letter McLellan sent to Mrs. Hoxie (Vinnie Ream Hoxie) and informs McLellan that Mrs. Hoxie is ill and unable to reply but he is sending along the book she promised to McLellan.https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/fvw-manuscripts-hoxie/1010/thumbnail.jp

Crib dock permit and construction standards in the upper great lakes

This study explored the permitting, design, and construction of crib docks in the Les Cheneaux and Drummond Island region of Michigan. It employed an exploratory two-phase mixed-methods research design: first to qualitatively explore and define the problem, and then to quantitatively evaluate a convenience sample of crib docks to determine appropriate permit and construction norms that meet functional requirements while addressing ecological and waterway concerns. The variables considered included siting, design, superstructure, and ground anchorage. The qualitative findings demonstrated that the USACE and MDEQ are the approving agencies for crib docks and oppose new crib dock construction permits, because they consume Great Lakes bottomland and create waterway obstacles. While the agencies do approve crib dock construction permits, the norms are vague and ill-defined. Conversely, the USFS and MDNR promote the use of submerged crib-based structures to enhance fish habitat. The findings also showed that local governments consider crib docks to be temporary structures even though they last 30 years. Because they are temporary structures, the local governments do not require them to meet state residential construction code requirements. These contradictory position and lack of code standards leaves dock applicants in a confusing, frustrating position. The quantitative findings reflected the lack of code enforcement and showed that crib docks could be made significantly safer and more environmentally friendly by imposing key design and structural norms. The conclusions and recommendations outline government policy actions to better define the crib dock approval process and propose standards for the approval and v construction of crib docks. The recommendations also outline additional research to further clarify the remaining inconsistencies in this multi-jurisdictional construction code issue

The Calculated Risk in Strategy

At the highest levels the science of warfare and statesmanship have always been inseparable, So, likewise, political and military strategy cannot be dissociated, particularly in the challenges we face and will continue to face with Communism