Mother: A Word That Means The World To Me

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The relationship between computer-assisted instruction and alternative programs to enhance fifth-grade mathematics success on the annual Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between using computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and success on the Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (TAKS) mathematics exam with fifth-grade students in Texas compared to the effect of alternative improvement approaches used by a control group. Research explored the use of SuccessMaker® CAI educational software (Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, www.pearsoned.com) in public elementary schools in Texas. Successmaker® CAI was not a good predictor of passing percentage on the mathematics TAKS. Multiple regression analysis utilized in this quasi-experimental design study predicted a negative and not statistically significant change in the percentage of students passing the mathematics TAKS exam (B = -.448, p > .05). SuccessMaker® use exhibited a very small effect size (r = -.04) and accounted for less than 1% of the change in passing percentage (r2 = .0016). Multiple regression model predicted a negative and statistically significant effect upon mathematics passing percentage by economic disadvantage percentage (B = -.211, p < .01). The 95% confidence interval for B ranged from -.365 to -.057. The large effect size correlation coefficient (r = -.51) accounted for 26% of the variance in the mathematics TAKS passing percentage (r2 = .26)

A Simplified and Practical Surgical Treatment for Medial Ectropion: A Case Report

We present the case of a 81-year-old patient with right facial palsy suffering from recurrent medial ectropion with lower lateral dislocation of the lacrimal punctum causing epiphora and photophobia. The patient was first treated for ectropion with lateral tarsal strip procedure. Unfortunately, this surgical procedure did not get the expected result. This was the reason we used the Mitek anchor system to fix the lower lateral dislocation of the punctum. We had no recurrence of symptoms during a follow-up period of 18 months

Testing fluvial erosion models using the transient response of bedrock rivers to tectonic forcing in the Apennines, Italy

The transient response of bedrock rivers to a drop in base level can be used to discriminate between competing fluvial erosion models. However, some recent studies of bedrock erosion conclude that transient river long profiles can be approximately characterized by a transport‐limited erosion model, while other authors suggest that a detachment‐limited model best explains their field data. The difference is thought to be due to the relative volume of sediment being fluxed through the fluvial system. Using a pragmatic approach, we address this debate by testing the ability of end‐member fluvial erosion models to reproduce the well‐documented evolution of three catchments in the central Apennines (Italy) which have been perturbed to various extents by an independently constrained increase in relative uplift rate. The transport‐limited model is unable to account for the catchments’response to the increase in uplift rate, consistent with the observed low rates of sediment supply to the channels. Instead, a detachment‐limited model with a threshold corresponding to the field‐derived median grain size of the sediment plus a slope‐dependent channel width satisfactorily reproduces the overall convex long profiles along the studied rivers. Importantly, we find that the prefactor in the hydraulic scaling relationship is uplift dependent, leading to landscapes responding faster the higher the uplift rate, consistent with field observations. We conclude that a slope‐ dependent channel width and an entrainment/erosion threshold are necessary ingredients when modeling landscape evolution or mapping the distribution of fluvial erosion rates in areas where the rate of sediment supply to channels is low

Influence of chemical denudation on hillslope morphology

[1] Models of hillslope evolution involving diffusion-like sediment transport are conventionally presented as an equation in which the changes in land-surface elevation or soil thickness are balanced by the divergence of soil transport and tectonic uplift, soil production, or both. These models typically do not include the loss or gain of mass in hillslope soils due to processes of chemical weathering and deposition. We formulate a more general depth-integrated equation for the conservation of soil mass on a hillslope that includes a term representing chemical deposition or denudation. This general depth-integrated equation is then simplified to determine the one-dimensional form of a steady state hillslope which experiences both mechanical and chemical denudation. The differences in morphology between hillslopes only experiencing diffusion-like mechanical sediment transport and hillslopes experiencing both diffusion-like mechanical sediment transport and chemical denudation are explored. Under the conditions of a downslope increase in local soil lowering rate due to chemical weathering the hillslope profile will depart from the parabolic shape predicted by models that incorporate only linear diffusion-like mechanical sediment transport. In addition, hillslopes that experience both chemica