Modelling of ductile fracture in single point incremental forming using a modified GTN model

Understanding the deformation and failure mechanisms in single point incremental forming (SPIF) is of great importance for achieving improved formability. Furthermore, there will be added benefits for more in depth evaluation of the effect of localised deformation to the fracture mechanism in SPIF. Although extensive research has been carried out in recent years, questions still remain on the shear and particularly its effect to the formability in SPIF processes. In this work, a modified Gurson–Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) damage model was developed with the consideration of shear to predict ductile fracture in the SPIF process due to void nucleation and coalescence with results compared with original GTN model in SPIF. A combined approach of experimental testing and SPIF processing was used to validate finite element results of the shear modified Gurson–Tvergaard-Needleman damage model. The results showed that the shear modified GTN model improved the modelling accuracy of fracture over the original GTN model under shear loading conditions. Furthermore, the shear plays a role under meridional tensile stress to accelerate fracture propagation in SPIF processes

Prediction of failure modes during deep drawing of metal sheets with nickel coating

To optimize the process parameters, it is necessary to exactly predict failure modes during deep drawing of coated metal sheets, where two main failure forms are fracture and wrinkling. In this paper, finite element simulations based on continuous damage mechanics were used to study the failure behavior during a cylindrical deep drawing of metal sheets with nickel coating. It is shown that taking the effect of blank holder force into account, these two failure modes can be predicted. The simulation results are well consistent with that obtained from experiments

Impact Damage Characteristics of Carbon Fibre Metal Laminates: Experiments and Simulation

In this work, the impact response of carbon fibre metal laminates (FMLs) was experimentally and numerically studied with an improved design of the fibre composite lay-up for optimal mechanical properties and damage resistance. Two different stacking sequences (Carall 3–3/2–0.5 and Carall 5–3/2–0.5) were designed and characterised. Damage at relatively low energy impact energies (≤30 J) was investigated using Ultrasonic C-scanning and X–ray Computed Tomography (X-RCT). A 3D finite element model was developed to simulate the impact induced damage in both metal and composite layers using Abaqus/Explicit. Cohesive zone elements were introduced to capture delamination occurring between carbon fibre/epoxy plies and debonding at the interfaces between aluminium and the composite layers. Carall 5–3/2–0.5 was found to absorb more energy elastically, which indicates better resistance to damage. A good agreement is obtained between the numerically predicted results and experimental measurements in terms of force and absorbed energy during impact where the damage modes such as delamination was well simulated when compared to non-destructive techniques (NDT)

Characterization and Modelling of the Damage Behavior of Extruded Aluminum Profiles for Crash Simulations

The damage behavior of aluminum profiles depends strongly on the stress state. Many investigations have shown that both ductile and shear fracture have to be taken into account in damage analysis. Since fracture strains of aluminum profiles are relatively low, damage modelling has to be included in component simulations. However, it is an open question, which kind of damage model can be used for crash simulations and which tests should be performed in order to calibrate the model. An extruded aluminum profile with double chambers of AA6060-T79 was characterized under different stress triaxialities and shear ratios. The damage criteria IDS (Instability, Ductile and Shear fracture) in ABAQUS/Explicit were used for the simulations. An explicit relationship between triaxiality and shear ratio was derived for plane stress state. The influence of the model parameter on the overlapping of both criteria (ductile and shear fracture) was systematically studied for shell element applications. The applied damage model was validated by comparing experimental and calculated results of component tests.</jats:p