An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles

Large datasets are now ubiquitous as technology enables higher-throughput experiments, but rarely can a research field truly benefit from the research data generated due to inconsistent formatting, undocumented storage or improper dissemination. Here we extract all the meaningful device data from peer-reviewed papers on metal-halide perovskite solar cells published so far and make them available in a database. We collect data from over 42, 400 photovoltaic devices with up to 100 parameters per device. We then develop open-source and accessible procedures to analyse the data, providing examples of insights that can be gleaned from the analysis of a large dataset. The database, graphics and analysis tools are made available to the community and will continue to evolve as an open-source initiative. This approach of extensively capturing the progress of an entire field, including sorting, interactive exploration and graphical representation of the data, will be applicable to many fields in materials science, engineering and biosciences. © 2021, The Author(s)

An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles

Large datasets are now ubiquitous as technology enables higher-throughput experiments, but rarely can a research field truly benefit from the research data generated due to inconsistent formatting, undocumented storage or improper dissemination. Here we extract all the meaningful device data from peer-reviewed papers on metal-halide perovskite solar cells published so far and make them available in a database. We collect data from over 42,400 photovoltaic devices with up to 100 parameters per device. We then develop open-source and accessible procedures to analyse the data, providing examples of insights that can be gleaned from the analysis of a large dataset. The database, graphics and analysis tools are made available to the community and will continue to evolve as an open-source initiative. This approach of extensively capturing the progress of an entire field, including sorting, interactive exploration and graphical representation of the data, will be applicable to many fields in materials science, engineering and biosciences

An open-access database and analysis tool for perovskite solar cells based on the FAIR data principles

AbstractLarge datasets are now ubiquitous as technology enables higher-throughput experiments, but rarely can a research field truly benefit from the research data generated due to inconsistent formatting, undocumented storage or improper dissemination. Here we extract all the meaningful device data from peer-reviewed papers on metal-halide perovskite solar cells published so far and make them available in a database. We collect data from over 42,400 photovoltaic devices with up to 100 parameters per device. We then develop open-source and accessible procedures to analyse the data, providing examples of insights that can be gleaned from the analysis of a large dataset. The database, graphics and analysis tools are made available to the community and will continue to evolve as an open-source initiative. This approach of extensively capturing the progress of an entire field, including sorting, interactive exploration and graphical representation of the data, will be applicable to many fields in materials science, engineering and biosciences.</jats:p

Relating Defect Luminescence and Nonradiative Charge Recombination in MAPbI 3 Perovskite Films

Nonradiative losses in semiconductors are related to defects. At cryogenic temperatures, defect-related photoluminescence (PL) at energies lower than the band-edge PL is observed in methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite. We applied multispectral PL imaging to samples prepared by two different procedures and exhibiting 1 order of magnitude different PL quantum yield (PLQY). The high-PLQY sample showed concentration of the emitting defect sites around 1012-1013 cm-3. No correlation between PLQY and the relative intensity of the defect emission was found when micrometer-sized local regions of the same sample were compared. However, a clear positive correlation between the lower PLQY and higher defect emission was observed when two preparation methods were contrasted. Therefore, although the emissive defects are not connected directly with the nonradiative centers and may be spatially separated at the nano scale, chemical processes during the perovskite synthesis promote/prevent formation of both types of defects at the same time

Unraveling Reversible Quenching Processes of O2, N2, Ar, and H2O in Metal Halide Perovskites at Moderate Photon Flux Densities

Metal halide perovskites MHP , as used in photovoltaic PV applications, show a rich photophysics in inert and ambient atmosphere. The presence of atmospheric molecules leads to processes that enhance as well as reduce their photoluminescence PL emission. Various phenomena are previously described for a wide variety of gas molecules and different classes of MHP, with a particular interest on the long term stability for PV applications. However, reversible PL quenching PLQ processes, which may be regarded equally important for the performance of PV and other optoelectronic applications, are neglected in other studies. This holds true for O2 and H2O, but especially for low reactive gases such as nitrogen and argon. Using low excitation densities, it is shown that noticeable and reversible PLQ, in addition to PL enhancements, can already be observed for O2, N2, and Ar as well as for H2O at low concentrations of 1 mbar. The nature and origin of the quenching processes are further elucidated by applying the Stern Volmer analysis, also employed to determine whether static and dynamic PLQ processes happen for the different quenching gases. The strongest static PLQ is found for O2 and H2O. MHPs in N2 and Ar atmospheres display a moderate PLQ effec

Fabrication of cellular and lamellar LiFePO4 C Cathodes for Li ion batteries by unidirectional freeze casting method

Highly porous lamellar and cellular cathodes for Li ion batteries were fabricated from additive stabilized aqueous suspensions of lithium iron phosphate and carbon black by the unidirectional freeze casting method and characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, mercury porosimetry, helium pycnometry and X ray microtomography. The size and orientation of the pores in the specimens were controlled through the variation of the freezing parameters. The diameters of the pores, which are in the range from 0.7 to 30 m, as well as the wall thickness, decrease as the cooling rate increases. Pore volume and total porosity increase while the solid content of the suspension decreases. The specimen s structure was changed from lamellar to cellular by increasing the gelatin concentration and solid content in the suspensions. The lamellar specimens demonstrate higher porosity 8284 than the cellular samples. Cathodes with lamellar structure possess higher specific capacity and less loss of energy density in comparison to those having cellular structur

Alkali salts at Interface modifiers in n i p hybrid perovskite solar cells

After demonstration of a 23 power conversion efficiency, a high operational stability is the next most important scientific and technological challenge in perovskite solar cells PSCs . A potential failure mechanism is tied to a bias induced ion migration, which causes current voltage hysteresis and a decay in the device performance over time. Herein, alkali salts are shown to mitigate hysteresis and stabilize device performance in n i p hybrid planar PSCs. Different alkali salts of potassium chloride, iodide, and nitrate as well as sodium chloride and iodide are deposited from aqueous solution onto the n type contact, based on SnO2, prior to deposition of the perovskite absorber Cs0.05 FA0.83MA0.17 0.95Pb I0.83Br0.17 3. Introduction of potassium based alkali salts suppresses the current voltage hysteresis and stabilizes the operational device stability at the maximum power point. This is attributed to the suppression of hole trapping at the n type selective transport layer SnO2 perovskite interface observed by surface photovoltage spectroscopy, which is interpreted to reduce interfacial recombination and improve charge carrier extraction. The best and most stable performance of 19 is achieved using potassium nitrate as the interface modifier. Devices with higher and more stable performance exhibit substantially lower current transients, analyzed during maximum power point trackin