44 research outputs found
Evidence for hadronic deconfinement in -p collisions at 1.8 TeV
We have measured deconfined hadronic volumes, fm,
produced by a one dimensional (1D) expansion. These volumes are directly
proportional to the charged particle pseudorapidity densities . The hadronization temperature is (syst)
MeV. Using Bjorken's 1D model,the hadronization energy density is (stat) GeV/fm corresponding to an excitation of (stat) quark-gluon degrees of freedom.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, 2 table
Simple Behavior of Primary Cross Sections for Low Mass Particles in p-pbar Collisions at y=0 and sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV
A set of inclusive cross sections at zero rapidity is presented for p-pbar
interactions at center of mass energy sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV. Six particle cross
sections are corrected for secondary contributions from decays of higher mass
resonances in order to produce a set of primary cross sections. The primary
cross sections per spin state are well described by d(sigma^p)/dy|_(y=0)=
0.721*(pi*lambdabar_(pi)^2)*exp(-m/T), where m is the particle rest mass,
T=hbar*c/r_h, and r_h=0.97 fm. The deuterium production cross section is also
described if r_h is replaced by r_A=r_h*A^(1/3). The same exponential in m and
T describes primary charm fractions in e+e- collisions at least up to the J/Psi
mass. There is no significant evidence for strangeness or charm suppression if
only primary production of light hadrons is considered. There is evidence that
the primary cross section for each particle may have the same value for pp and
pbar-p collisions and that it may have nearly constant values between
sqrt(s)=63 GeV and sqrt(s)=1800 GeV. Fits to the final state transverse momenta
of the particles using a gas model favor a temperature T=132 MeV, a chemical
potential mu=129 MeV, and a transverse flow of the gas with beta_f=0.27.Comment: 20 pages, 18 figure
Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications
Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and
manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article
reviews the current status of this subject, including both recent advances and
well-established results. The primary focus is on the basic physical principles
underlying the generation of carrier spin polarization, spin dynamics, and
spin-polarized transport in semiconductors and metals. Spin transport differs
from charge transport in that spin is a nonconserved quantity in solids due to
spin-orbit and hyperfine coupling. The authors discuss in detail spin
decoherence mechanisms in metals and semiconductors. Various theories of spin
injection and spin-polarized transport are applied to hybrid structures
relevant to spin-based devices and fundamental studies of materials properties.
Experimental work is reviewed with the emphasis on projected applications, in
which external electric and magnetic fields and illumination by light will be
used to control spin and charge dynamics to create new functionalities not
feasible or ineffective with conventional electronics.Comment: invited review, 36 figures, 900+ references; minor stylistic changes
from the published versio
An Assessment of the Exporting Literature: Using Theory and Data to Identify Future Research Directions
Exporting research is an established facet of the field of international marketing. That stated, the radical increase in recent export activity necessitates a sustained research effort devoted to the topic. In this article, the authors provide a qualitative review of the core theoretical exporting areas and evaluate the exporting domain quantitatively over six decades (1958–2016). For the quantitative analysis, they use multidimensional scaling and apply established bibliometric principles to offer an understanding of the field and to provide suggestions for future exporting research. For the evaluations, the authors used data from 830 articles with 52,191 citations from 35 journals. Using cocitation analysis as the basis to evaluate the data, they propose a series of intellectual structure implications on exporting that relate to internationalization process stages, dynamic capabilities, knowledge scarcity, social networks, export marketing strategy, absorptive capacity and learning, and nonlinear performance relationships involving marketing channel relationships
Recommended from our members
Case 20-1984 Persistent Fever in a 27-Year-Old Man after a Motor-Vehicle Accident
Presentation of Case
A 27-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of trauma.
He was well until 19 hours earlier, when he was involved in a motor-vehicle accident. He was taken to another hospital, where multiple injuries were found. Abdominal examination showed tenderness in the midepigastrium and left lower quadrant, without other abnormality. The systolic blood pressure fell to the range of 70 to 90 mm Hg and improved after fluids were administered by vein. The urine was normal. The hematocrit was 46 per cent, and the white-cell count 19,800. The urea nitrogen was 13 mg per 100 ml . .
A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING IN CORRECTIONS
Electronic monitoring is a recent advance in information gathering for correctional program administration. To be effective in achieving correctional goals, electronic monitors must be applied to offenders when there is some risk of performance problem. Advocates of electronic monitoring argue they can promote public safety, save tax dollars, and enhance correctional performance. Because corrections systems find it so difficult to innovate with offenders who represent a risk to society, these claims are overstated. Electronic monitoring raises short-term concerns concerning damage to correctional program credibility and long-term concerns about the enhancement of social control. Copyright 1988 by The Policy Studies Organization.