MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL DEMONSTRASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS PADA MATERI PERJUANGAN MEMPERTAHANKAN KEMERDEKAAN (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Di Kelas V SDN Kopo Elok Kecamatan Babakan Ciparay Kota Bandung )

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kajian dan pengamatan yang dilakukan di kelas V SDN Kopo Elok Kota Bandung yang menujukkan kurangnya hasil belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS. Salah satu penyebab kurangnya hasil belajar peserta didik yaitu penggunaan metode pembelajaran yan g kurang efektif. Metode yang digunakan guru yaitu metode ceramah, metode ini kurang memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didik untuk terlibat langsung dalam proses pembelajaran karena peserta didik hanya menjadi pendengar setia ceramah yang disampaikan gu ru sehingga peserta didik menjadi pasif. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar adalah model pembelajaran demonstrasi .Model pembelajaran demonstrasi merupakan metode mengajar dengan cara memperagaka n bara ng, kejadian, aturan dan urutan melakukan kegiatan, baik secara lan gsung maupun melalui penggunaan media pengajaran yang relevan dengan p okok bahasan atau materi yang sedang disajikan , inovasi pembelajaran yang dirancang untuk membantu peserta didik memahami teori secara mendalam melalui pengamalan belajar praktik - empirik. Model pembelajaran ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik mengenai perjuangan mempertahankan dalam pembelajaran IPS, selain itu penggunaan pembelajaran demonst rasi berdampak positif terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan model pembelajaran demonstrasi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik. Dengan demikian kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah peningkatan hasil b elajar peserta didik dari hasil pretes sampai pelaksanaan postes siklus I dari yang mencapai KKM 48,28% dan yang tidak mencapai KKM adalah 55,18 dan postes siklus II menunjukkan peningkatan yang baik, hasil pelaksanaan siklus II menunjukkan peserta didik yang mencapai KKM sebanyak 85,36%, hal tersebut melebihi target yang ditentukan penulis 85%. Selain itu aktivitas peserta didik dalam pembelajaran menjadi meningkat, hal tersebut terjadi karena siswa yang ikut berperan aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Deng an demikian model pembelajaran demonstrasi selain dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS. Kata Kunci: Demonstrasi , Hasil Belaja r

2012 Sigma Gamma Epsilon National Council Best Poster Award

Sigma Gamma Epsilon President Erika Elswick with Aaron Hiday from Albion College, the National Council Best Poster Award winner

Parity, Family Size Preference and the Value Stretch

A two-wave survey of women in their reproductive years living in poverty areas of New York City is used to investigate family size preferences among the poor. The hypotheses that parity affects family size preference and that current parity affects future parity are supported. Implications for future trends in family size preference and for family planning programs are discussed

Phosphorylation State Modulates the Interaction between Spinophilin and Neurofilament Medium

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)A histological marker of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the loss of synapses located on striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) as a result of dopaminergic nigral cell depletion. The dendritic spines that give MSNs their name have a well-characterized structure and are the main regions of post-synaptic input. It has been shown that spines have altered functionality and morphology in many neurodegenerative diseases. Spine morphology, and potentially function, is dictated by an array of structural proteins and their associations with other proteins in a region dubbed the post-synaptic density (PSD). Spinophilin and neurofilament medium (NF-M) are two proteins that are enriched in the PSD and have potential implications in PD. Interestingly, preliminary data show that there is a decrease in the NF-M-spinophilin interaction in animal models of PD. Here it is shown that these two proteins interact in brain tissue and when overexpressed in a mammalian cell system. Moreover, we have begun to determine mechanisms that regulate this interaction. It is known that there is a misregulation of protein phosphatases and kinases in many neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, the phosphorylation state of a protein can regulate its association with other proteins. Therefore, we hypothesize that the phosphorylation state of either protein affects the interaction between spinophilin and NF-M. Furthermore, we have conducted experiments utilizing protein phosphatases and kinases that are known to modulate the phosphorylation state of NF-M and/or spinophilin. Data show that both kinase and phosphatase activity and/or expression modulates the NF-M-spinophilin interaction in heterologous cell lines. Through the use of MS/MS analysis, we have begun to map specific phosphorylation sites that may play a role in regulating this interaction. Currently, we are elucidating the specific effects of these post-translational modifications on regulating the spinophilin-NF-M interaction. These data will enhance our knowledge of spinophilin’s interactions and how these interactions are altered in neurological disorders such as PD

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PRAKTIK PENGGUNAAN MASKER PADA PEKERJA BAGIAN PENCELUPAN BENANG PT X DI KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN

Industri tekstil merupakan industri yang menghasilkan debu lingkungan dan menggunakan bahan kimia dalam proses produksinya. PT X merupakan industri yang bergerak di bidang tekstil. Laporan bulanan data penyakit poliklinik PT X pada bulan Juni 2012, ISPA manjadi kasus terbanyak yaitu 52,7%. Dalam upaya pencegahan terjadinya kecelakaan dan penyakit akibat kerja, perusahaan menyediakan masker secara cuma-cuma dan mewajibkan pemakaian masker pada pekerja saat bekerja. Namun, observasi awal menunjukkan hampir 60% pekerja tidak menggunakan masker saat bekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan praktik penggunaan masker pada pekerja bagian pencelupan benang di PT X Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan disain cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total populasi yaitu sebanyak 49 pekerja. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara melakukan observasi dan wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan uji korelasi Rank Spearman dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 42,8% perkerja tidak menggunakan masker saat bekerja. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara umur (p=0,007), masa kerja (p=0,006), pelatihan (p=0,022) dan pengawasan (p=0,001) dengan praktik penggunaan masker pada pekerja, sedangkan pengetahuan (p=0,087) tidak ada hubungan dengan praktik penggunaan masker pada pekerja. Dari hasil penelitian maka disarankan kepada perusahaan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan pekerja mengenai pentingnya penggunaan masker Kata Kunci: praktik penggunaan masker, industri teksti

IRFM T_eff calibrations for cluster and field giants in the Vilnius, Geneva, RI(C) and DDO photometric systems

Based on a large sample of disk and halo giant stars, for which accurate effective temperatures derived through the InfraRed Flux Method (IRFM) exist, a calibration of the temperature scale in the Vilnius, Geneva, RI(C) and DDO photometric systems is performed. We provide calibration formulae for the metallicity dependent T_eff vs color relations as well as grids of intrinsic colors and compare them with other calibrations. Photometry, atmospheric parameters and reddening corrections for the stars of the sample have been updated with respect to the original sources in order to reduce the dispersion of the fits. Application of our results to Arcturus leads to an effective temperature in excellent agreement with the value derived from its angular diameter and integrated flux. The effects of gravity on these T_eff vs color relations are also explored by taking into account our previous results for dwarf stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&

Mechanisms and Consequences of Dopamine Depletion-Induced Attenuation of the Spinophilin/Neurofilament Medium Interaction

Signaling changes that occur in the striatum following the loss of dopamine neurons in the Parkinson disease (PD) are poorly understood. While increases in the activity of kinases and decreases in the activity of phosphatases have been observed, the specific consequences of these changes are less well understood. Phosphatases, such as protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), are highly promiscuous and obtain substrate selectivity via targeting proteins. Spinophilin is the major PP1-targeting protein enriched in the postsynaptic density of striatal dendritic spines. Spinophilin association with PP1 is increased concurrent with decreases in PP1 activity in an animal model of PD. Using proteomic-based approaches, we observed dopamine depletion-induced decreases in spinophilin binding to multiple protein classes in the striatum. Specifically, there was a decrease in the association of spinophilin with neurofilament medium (NF-M) in dopamine-depleted striatum. Using a heterologous cell line, we determined that spinophilin binding to NF-M required overexpression of the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A and was decreased by cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5. Functionally, we demonstrate that spinophilin can decrease NF-M phosphorylation. Our data determine mechanisms that regulate, and putative consequences of, pathological changes in the association of spinophilin with NF-M that are observed in animal models of PD