Theropod, sauropod and thyreophoran footprints (Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous) found in Moscardón (Teruel, Spain)

Se citan por primera icnitas de dinosaurio en la localidad de Moscardón (Teruel). Son cuatro icnitas (contramoldes) impresas por cuatro dinosaurios diferentes. Se sitúan los tres nuevos yacimientos y se describen los contramoldes encontrados. El resultado ha sido la identificación de una icnita terópoda, dos saurópodas y una de estegosaurio, y el reconocimiento de estructuras particulares en las tres últimas que hay permitido analizar ciertos detalles relativos al movimiento de los pies y a la deformación de almohadillas dactilaresIn this work, dinosaur footprints, from the village of Moscardón (Teruel) are cited for the first time They are four footprints (natural casts) imprinted by four different dinosaurs.We place the three new sites and we describe the natural casts found. The result has been the identification of one theropod, two sauropod and a stegosaur ichnites, and the recognition of special structures in the last three, which have allowed us to analyse certain details on foot movement and deformation of digital pad

Marcas de cola de cocodrilos y huellas de dinosaurio. Bathoniense?-Calloviense. Imilchil. Alto Atlas Central. Marruecos

Three types of ichnites from a new site discovered in Imilchil were studied and described. The structures of pes and manus prints and tail traces of tetrapods provide data to separate: real ichnites (theropod footprints and crocodile tail drag marks); and sauropod’ subtraces. Most of the theropod footprints are deformed by collapse of their walls, the sauropod subtraces show the strong deformation of about ten well-stratified sedimentary levels. The surface on which we can see theropod and crocodile ichnites is the tracking surface, i. e. the original surface on which they were printedSe estudian tres tipos de icnitas de un nuevo yacimiento descubierto en Imilchil. Las estructuras de las huellas de pies, manos y cola de tetrápodos proporcionan datos para separar: icnitas reales (pisadas terópodas y marcas de arrastre de cola de cocodrilos) y calcos saurópodos? La mayor parte de las huellas terópodas están deformadas por colapso de sus paredes, y las subhuellas saurópodas muestran la fuerte deformación de unos diez niveles sedimentarios bien estratificados. La superficie en la que se encuentran las huellas terópodas y las icnitas de cocodrilo son la superficie de marcha, es decir la superficie original sobre las que se imprimiero

Oncologist’s knowledge and implementation of guidelines for breakthrough cancer pain in Spain: CONOCE study

[Purpose]: Breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) has been shown to be a prevalent and poor prognostic factor for oncologic patients, which remain under diagnosed and undertreated. In 2012, the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) published a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the treatment of cancer pain which specifically addressed the management of BTcP.[Methods]: Fundación ECO designed a qualitative study using an Internet-based survey to investigate the attitudes toward, compliance with, and use of SEOM Guideline.[Results]: A total of 83 oncologists with a mean experience of 13 years responded. Overall, 82% were aware of different guidelines to manage BTcP. Notably, attitudes toward guidelines were highly positive and there was nearly unanimous agreement that CPG provided the best scientific evidence available (99%), on the minimum information to be gathered for the medical history (100%), on the need for a specific treatment for BTcP (100%), and fentanyl as the first-choice drug (99%). Interestingly, there were discrepancies between what oncologists agreed with and what they do in clinical practice. In fact, 87.6% declare full compliance with SEOM guideline, although adherence to registration of BTcP data in medical records ranged from 30.1 to 91.6% (mean 64.5%); therapeutic management compliance was higher ranging from 75.9 to 91.6%. Main barriers identified were time pressure together with vague statements and limited dissemination of the guidelines.[Conclusion]: Despite oncologist’s clinical practice is increasingly guided by GPC, it suffers from limited compliance, at least in part due to suboptimal statements. Improved dissemination and education are needed to enhance guideline implementation.This study was funded by Kyowa Kirin Farmacéutica S. L.U. through Fundación ECO

Hepatic galectin-3 is associated with lipid droplet area in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a new swine model

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently a growing epidemic disease that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatic cancer when it evolves into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a gap not well understood. To characterize this disease, pigs, considered to be one of the most similar to human experimental animal models, were used. To date, all swine-based settings have been carried out using rare predisposed breeds or long-term experiments. Herein, we fully describe a new experimental swine model for initial and reversible NASH using cross-bred animals fed on a high saturated fat, fructose, cholesterol, cholate, choline and methionine-deficient diet. To gain insight into the hepatic transcriptome that undergoes steatosis and steatohepatitis, we used RNA sequencing. This process significantly up-regulated 976 and down-regulated 209 genes mainly involved in cellular processes. Gene expression changes of 22 selected transcripts were verified by RT-qPCR. Lipid droplet area was positively associated with CD68, GPNMB, LGALS3, SLC51B and SPP1, and negatively with SQLE expressions. When these genes were tested in a second experiment of NASH reversion, LGALS3, SLC51B and SPP1 significantly decreased their expression. However, only LGALS3 was associated with lipid droplet areas. Our results suggest a role for LGALS3 in the transition of NAFLD to NASH

Oral versus intramuscular administration of vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency in primary care : a pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority clinical trial (OB12)

The trial was financed by Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo Español through their call for independent clinical research, Orden Ministerial SAS/2377, 2010 (EC10-115, EC10-116, EC10-117, EC10-119, EC10-122); CAIBER—Spanish Clinical Research Network, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (CAI08/010044); and Gerencia Asistencial de Atención Primaria de Madrid. This study is also supported by the Spanish Clinical Research Network (SCReN), funded by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación, project number PT13/0002/0007, within the National Research Program I+D+I 2013-2016 and co-funded with European Union ERDF funds (European Regional Development Fund). This project received a grant for the translation and publication of this article from the Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation in Primary Care (FIIBAP) Call 2017 for grants to promote research programs.Objectives To compare the effectiveness of oral versus intramuscular (IM) vitamin B12 (VB12) in patients aged ≥65 years with VB12 deficiency. Design Pragmatic, randomised, non-inferiority, multicentre trial in 22 primary healthcare centres in Madrid (Spain). Participants 283 patients ≥65 years with VB12 deficiency were randomly assigned to oral (n=140) or IM (n=143) treatment arm. Interventions The IM arm received 1 mg VB12 on alternate days in weeks 1–2, 1 mg/week in weeks 3–8 and 1 mg/month in weeks 9–52. The oral arm received 1 mg/day in weeks 1–8 and 1 mg/week in weeks 9–52. Main outcomes Serum VB12 concentration normalisation (≥211 pg/mL) at 8, 26 and 52 weeks. Non-inferiority would be declared if the difference between arms is 10% or less. Secondary outcomes included symptoms, adverse events, adherence to treatment, quality of life, patient preferences and satisfaction. Results The follow-up period (52 weeks) was completed by 229 patients (80.9%). At week 8, the percentage of patients in each arm who achieved normal B12 levels was well above 90%; the differences in this percentage between the oral and IM arm were −0.7% (133 out of 135 vs 129 out of 130; 95% CI: −3.2 to 1.8; p>0.999) by per-protocol (PPT) analysis and 4.8% (133 out of 140 vs 129 out of 143; 95% CI: −1.3 to 10.9; p=0.124) by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. At week 52, the percentage of patients who achieved normal B12 levels was 73.6% in the oral arm and 80.4% in the IM arm; these differences were −6.3% (103 out of 112 vs 115 out of 117; 95% CI: −11.9 to −0.1; p=0.025) and −6.8% (103 out of 140 vs 115 out of 143; 95% CI: −16.6 to 2.9; p=0.171), respectively. Factors affecting the success rate at week 52 were age, OR=0.95 (95% CI: 0.91 to 0.99) and having reached VB12 levels ≥281 pg/mL at week 8, OR=8.1 (95% CI: 2.4 to 27.3). Under a Bayesian framework, non-inferiority probabilities (Δ>−10%) at week 52 were 0.036 (PPT) and 0.060 (ITT). Quality of life and adverse effects were comparable across groups. 83.4% of patients preferred the oral route. Conclusions Oral administration was no less effective than IM administration at 8 weeks. Although differences were found between administration routes at week 52, the probability that the differences were below the non-inferiority threshold was very low.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Salud mental en jóvenes consumidores de cocaína o heroína de Barcelona

En nuestro país, los problemas derivados de la epidemia de consumo de heroína durante los años 80-90 se vieron desplazados por los derivados del consumo de cocaína. Actualmente, la cocaína es la segunda sustancia ilegal en cuanto a prevalencia de consumo y en estos últimos años el consumo de heroína ha empezado a incrementarse de nuevo. Uno de los principales problemas asociados al uso de estas sustancias son los trastornos psiquiátricos comórbidos. Este trabajo se diseñó para determinar la prevalencia e incidencia de los trastornos mentales en consumidores de cocaína o heroína y los factores asociados, así como describir el perfil de personalidad sólo en el grupo de consumidores de cocaína mediante una escala dimensional. El resultado de estos estudios debería servir para diseñar estrategias de prevención y tratamiento dirigidas a una población joven de consumidores que no suele acceder a los circuitos sanitarios habituales a pesar de la gravedad de su estado psicopatológico.Al nostre país, els problemes derivats de l’epidèmia de consum d’heroïna durant els anys 80-90 es van veure desplaçats pels derivats del consum de cocaïna. Actualment, la cocaïna és la segona substància il•legal pel que fa a prevalença de consum i, aquests darrers anys, el consum d’heroïna ha començat a augmentar de nou. Un dels principals problemes associats a l’ús d’aquestes substàncies són els trastorns psiquiàtrics comòrbids. Aquest treball es va dissenyar per determinar la prevalença i la incidència dels trastorns mentals en consumidors de cocaïna o heroïna i els factors associats, i també per descriure el perfil de personalitat només en el grup de consumidors de cocaïna mitjançant una escala dimensional. El resultat d’aquests estudis hauria de servir per dissenyar estratègies de prevenció i tractament adreçades a una població jove de consumidors que habitualment no accedeix als circuits sanitaris regulars malgrat la gravetat del seu estat psicopatològic

New contributions to ichnological studies from Galve (Teruel, Spain). Big ornithopod footprints at the Santa Bárbara site

Se describen cinco grandes contramoldes ornitópodos encontrados en Galve durante una campaña de prospección. Algunas de estas icnitas ornitópodas son las mayores del Cretácico Inferior del Este de la Península Ibérica. Los contramoldes confirman que había ornitópodos grandes en esta cubeta durante el Barremiense. Las icnitas, que también proporcionan información sobre el movimiento del pie durante la pisada, se atribuyen al cf. Iguanodontipus, siendo la segunda vez que se cita este tipo de huella en la provincia de TeruelWe describe five large ornithopod natural casts found in Galve (Teruel, Spain) during an exploration campaign. Some of these ornithopod footprints are the largest of the Lower Cretaceous in the east of the Iberian Peninsula. The casts support that there were big ornithopods in the Galve Basin during the Barremian age. The footprints, wich also provide information on the movement of the foot during the gait, are attributed to cf. Iguanodontipus. It is the second time that this type of track cites in the Teruel provinc

The contributions of a sauroropod footprint new site. Camarillas Formation (lower Barremian, Galve, Teruel)

Important sites of direct and indirect dinosaur fossils can see in the Galve area. This paper shows the sauropod footprint structures found in a new ichnite outcrop in the Cabezo de San Cristobal. The tracksite is situtated in a sandstone of the Camarillas Formation (lower Barremian). It is the first time of the sauropod footprints are described in this Formation and therefore the latest from the Teruel province. In the mostly prints, the shaft base is a dead zone composed by a broken fragment of the sandstone level intruded several decimetres in deeper argillaceous sediments. Four of the five sauropod tracksites from Galve were made in a moment of waterlogged sediment in agreement with the cautious dinosaurs hypothesi