Evolución temporal de la radiación solar con potencial

Introducción: La terapia fotodinámica es una herramienta terapéutica utilizada en el tratamiento de varias patologías cutáneas, sobre todo en pre-cáncer y cáncer de piel, así como otras patologías tipo acné, rosácea, liquen y envejecimiento cutáneo. La técnica se basa en la administración de un agente fotosensibilizante y en la posterior estimulación de la zona a tratar mediante luz de la longitud de onda adecuada. Ello induce la formación de radicales libres y la destrucción de las células malignas. El uso de lámparas específicas para el tratamiento muestra diferentes limitaciones y recientemente se ha optado por el aprovechamiento de la luz solar para la exposición cutánea en la denominada “daylight photodinamic therapy”. No obstante, y aunque está modalidad se está extendiendo en muchas unidades de terapia fotodinámica, la dosis de exposición para un tratamiento óptimo no está adecuadamente estandarizada ya que depende de diferentes condiciones como la fecha, la hora del día y la presencia o no de nubes. Objetivos: Calcular los tiempos de exposición ideales para la realización de la terapia fotodinámica “daylight” a lo largo del año en Málaga. Material y métodos: Se analizaron series temporales de radiación solar en Málaga tanto para UVB, UVA y radiación visible y se calcularon los valores de dosis de radiación a intervalos de minuto. Los valores de irradiancia biológica efectiva para terapia fotodinámica se estimaron a partir de la ponderación de medidas de radiación solar visible por el espectro de absorción de la protoporfirina IX. Los datos de radiación para cada banda espectral se obtuvieron mediante el uso de un radiómetro multicanal NILU y los datos espectrales mediante un espectrorradiómetro de doble monocromador MACAM. Se realizaron correlaciones entre las distintas bandas espectrales. Resultados: Se observó una variación de intervalos de exposición a la dosis óptima de terapia fotodinámica daylight desde menos de 15 minutos en las horas centrales de los meses estivales hasta horas de exposición en la época invernal. Dichos valores también varían significativamente a lo largo del mismo día y la presencia de nubosidad puede llevar a cuatriplicar el tiempo de exposición. Conclusiones: Es posible cuantificar y predecir con alta precisión los tiempos de exposición solar para realizar la terapia “Daylight” durante cualquier fecha del año para cualquier localidad.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Benefit-risk assessment of sonidegib and vismodegib in the treatment of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma

Sonidegib and vismodegib are Hedgehog pathway inhibitors (HhIs) that play a relevant role in the management of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC). This study compared the efficacy and safety of both HhIs based on their available data using effect size measures such as number needed to treat (NNT), number needed to harm (NNH), and likelihood to be helped or harmed (LHH)

Analysis and evaluation of the operational characteristics of a new photodynamic therapy device

One of the key aspects of photodynamic therapy is the light source that is used to irradiate the lesion to be treated. The devices used must ensure that their emission spectrum matches the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer, so that treatment radiation is delivered only on the target area, without irradiating healthy tissue at superficial or deep levels. Irradiance values must be adequate in order to avoid thermal damage, exceed the oxygen replenishment rate and avoid long treatment times. Furthermore, the device should be user-friendly, inexpensive, and able to be adapted to different photosensitizers. We have developed an easy-to-use and highly customizable device based on LED technology. Its innovative geometric design allows radiation to be delivered to a small treatment surface, since the LEDs are arranged in three arms, the configuration of which directs their radiation on the treatment point. Different high-power color LEDs are disposed on the arms, and can be independently selected based on the most effective wavelengths for exciting the different photodynamic therapy photosensitizers. We have tested the prototype in 5 different patients (1 actinic keratose, 1 actinic cheilitis, 1 superficial basal cell carcinoma and 2 Bowen's disease) and after 1-2 sessions of total cumulative dose of 25-50 J / cm2, 100% clearance of lesions were obtained. Our device can be used by any professional in the field, whether for medical or research purposes. It facilitates the development of treatment protocols and trials with different photosensitizers

Responsible leadership: a comparative study between Peruvian national and private universities

Purpose: A university community that works for and supports students along their developmental trajectory through responsible leadership is important for a sustainable and accountable educational environment. Public and private institutions differ in their student leadership responsibilities. In light of this, the objective of this study is to analyze the level of responsible leadership between public and private colleges in Peru in 2022. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs quantitative and descriptive-comparative research methods. This study's sample included 459 instructors from six public and private institutions in Peru. The survey-based method was used to collect data on responsible education leadership. Findings: The study's findings emphasized the importance of responsible leadership in colleges. This study shows that private institutions in Peru have a better level of responsible leadership than governmental universities. Practical Implications: This study underlines that strong leadership should always seek innovation in the field of education, keeping current with the most recent achievements and collecting feedback from university teachers and students. To obtain a higher education level, institutions should therefore foster responsible leadership. Originality/value: This research contributes to a previously unexplored section of the literary canon. Several prior studies have researched responsible leadership; however, the context of the present study is neglected by those prior studies. Previous research neglected the significance of responsible leadership within universities. Rarely have past studies compared national universities in Peru to private ones. Therefore, this work made a substantial contribution to the corpus of knowledge.Campus Arequip

Effect of sex in systemic psoriasis therapy: Differences in prescription, effectiveness and safety in the BIOBADADERM prospective cohort

The effect of sex on systemic therapy for psoriasis has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to analyse a large multicentre Spanish cohort of 2,881 patients with psoriasis (58.3% males), followed from January 2008 to November 2018, to determine whether sex influences prescription, effectiveness of therapy, and the risk of adverse events. The results show that women are more likely than men to be pre-scribed biologics. There were no differences between men and women in effectiveness of therapy, measur-ed in terms of drug survival. Women were more likely to develop adverse events, but the difference in risk was small and does not justify different management. Study limitations include residual confounding and the use of drug survival as a proxy for effectiveness.The BIOBADADERM project is promoted by the Fundación Piel Sana Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología, which receives financial support from the Spanish Medicines and Health Products Agency (Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios) and from pharmaceutical companies (Abbott/Abbvie, Pfizer, MSD, Novartis, Lilly, Janssen and Almirall)

Integrative Analysis Reveals a Molecular Stratification of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Objective Clinical heterogeneity, a hallmark of systemic autoimmune diseases, impedes early diagnosis and effective treatment, issues that may be addressed if patients could be classified into groups defined by molecular pattern. This study was undertaken to identify molecular clusters for reclassifying systemic autoimmune diseases independently of clinical diagnosis. Methods Unsupervised clustering of integrated whole blood transcriptome and methylome cross-sectional data on 955 patients with 7 systemic autoimmune diseases and 267 healthy controls was undertaken. In addition, an inception cohort was prospectively followed up for 6 or 14 months to validate the results and analyze whether or not cluster assignment changed over time. Results Four clusters were identified and validated. Three were pathologic, representing “inflammatory,” “lymphoid,” and “interferon” patterns. Each included all diagnoses and was defined by genetic, clinical, serologic, and cellular features. A fourth cluster with no specific molecular pattern was associated with low disease activity and included healthy controls. A longitudinal and independent inception cohort showed a relapse–remission pattern, where patients remained in their pathologic cluster, moving only to the healthy one, thus showing that the molecular clusters remained stable over time and that single pathogenic molecular signatures characterized each individual patient. Conclusion Patients with systemic autoimmune diseases can be jointly stratified into 3 stable disease clusters with specific molecular patterns differentiating different molecular disease mechanisms. These results have important implications for future clinical trials and the study of nonresponse to therapy, marking a paradigm shift in our view of systemic autoimmune diseases

Sistema de Evaluación Integral para la Calidad Educativa SEICE 2012

El Sistema de Evaluación Integral para la Calidad Educativa -SEICE- es el conjunto de líneas de política pública, instrumentos, procedimientos, escenarios, actores y acciones, que tiene como finalidad contribuir al mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación que el Distrito Capital brinda a los niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes para hacer realidad el pleno derecho a la educación, mediante el estudio, el análisis, la investigación, la innovación, la provisión y sistematización de la información sobre los procesos y resultados del funcionamiento del Sistema Educativo Distrital

Women in (Dis)placement: The Field of Studies on Migrations, Social Remittances, Care and Gender in Chile

This article presents current perspectives on the gender approach to the study of migration in Chile between 1990 and 2018, contextualizing it in light of international debates in the social sciences. We will discuss how the feminization and the growth of Latin American migrations have given rise to a prolific field of research, as exemplified by studies conducted in central and northern Chile. We will show how the concepts of social remittances and caregiving permeate the Chilean debate on migrant women. We conclude with reflections on topics and perspectives to be incorporated into the Chilean research agenda on gender and migration.Se presenta un estado del arte sobre el enfoque de género en los estudios de la migración en Chile entre 1990 y 2018, contextualizándolo a la luz de debates internacionales de las ciencias sociales. Abordaremos cómo la feminización y el incremento de las migraciones latinoamericanas inauguran un prolijo campo de investigaciones, articulado a través de estudios desarrollados en el centro y en el norte de Chile. Señalaremos cómo los conceptos de remesas sociales y cuidados permean el debate chileno sobre las mujeres migrantes. Finalizamos con reflexiones sobre temas y perspectivas a ser incorporados en la agenda chilena de investigaciones sobre género y migración.The authors would like to thank the Chilean National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICYT) for funding the study that led to this article through Fondecyt Regular Project number 1160683: “Ser Mujer Mayor en Santiago. Organización social de los cuidados, feminización del envejecimiento y desigualdades acumuladas” (“Being an older woman in Santiago. Social organization of care, feminization of ageing and accumulated inequalities”), led by Herminia Gonzálvez Torralbo and Fondecyt Regular Project number 1190056: “The Boundaries of Gender Violence: Migrant Women’s Experiences in South American Border Territories” led by Menara Lube Guizardi