Rekursive Wigner-Spektralanalyse höherer Ordnung

An appropriate spectral analysis of nonstationary signals requires time-variant methods. Going out from the approach of time-variant spectral and bispectral analysis based on the adaptively recursively estimated 2nd and 3rd order cumulants, an optimised algorithm is presented. It can be generalised as special kind of smoothed Pseudo-Wigner-Distribution. The benefit is the recursive calculation of its kernel . Therefore, the method is convementfor higher-order spectral analysis of ongoing signals

Zeitvariante Bispektralanalyse auf der Basis einer adaptiv rekursiven Fouriertransformation

An appropriate investigation of quadratic phuw conplings (QPC) in non-stationary Signals requires (inie-\'iiruint methods ofbispectral anulysis. A wir approach for tiine-variant estimation of power spcctrntn and bispectnun bascd on an adaptively, recnr-.vnv/v estimated Fourier transfonn (ADFT) is presenied in this paper. A rednced calculation effort and the possibility of the calculation of the bispectnun for selected frequency triples are important advantages of this method. Becaitse of the recursive calculation, the ADFT is convenient for analysing ongoing Signals. This will he demonstrated for sinmlated and real biomedical Signals

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

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