Squeezing red blood cells on an optical waveguide to monitor cell deformability during blood storage

Red blood cells squeeze through micro-capillaries as part of blood circulation in the body. The deformability of red blood cells is thus critical for blood circulation. In this work, we report a method to optically squeeze red blood cells using the evanescent field present on top of a planar waveguide chip. The optical forces from a narrow waveguide are used to squeeze red blood cells to a size comparable to the waveguide width. Optical forces and pressure distributions on the cells are numerically computed to explain the squeezing process. The proposed technique is used to quantify the loss of blood deformability that occurs during blood storage lesion. Squeezing red blood cells using waveguides is a sensitive technique and works simultaneously on several cells, making the method suitable for monitoring stored blood

Interprofessional education on complex patients in nursing homes : a focus group study

Background An ageing population leads up to increasing multi-morbidity and polypharmacy. This demands a comprehensive and interprofessional approach in meeting patients' complex needs. This study describes graduate students' experiences of working practice based in interprofessional teams with complex patients' care needs in nursing homes. Method Students from advanced geriatric nursing, clinical nutrition, dentistry, medicine and pharmacy at the University of Oslo in Norway were assigned to groups to examine and develop a care plan for a nursing home patient during a course. Focus groups were used, 21 graduate students participating in four groups. Data were collected during spring 2018, were inductively analysed according to a thematic analysis method (Systematic Text Condensation). An analytical framework of co-ordination practices was applied to get an in-depth understanding of the data. Results Three themes were identified: 1) Complex patients as learning opportunities- an eye-opener for future interprofessional collaboration 2) A cobweb of relations, and 3) Structural facilitators for new collective knowledge. Graduate university students experienced interprofessional education (IPE) on complex patients in nursing homes as a comprehensive learning arena. Overall, different co-ordination practices for work organization among the students were identified. Conclusions IPE in nursing homes facilitated the students' scope from a fragmented approach of the patients towards a relational and collaborative practice that can improve patient care and strengthen understanding of IPE. The study also demonstrated the need for preparatory teamwork training to gain maximum benefit from the experience. Something that can be organized by the education institutions in the form of a stepwise learning module and as an online pre-training course in interprofessional teamwork. Further, focusing on the need for well thought through processes of the activity by the institutions and the timing the practice component in students' curricula. This could ensure that IPE is experienced more efficient by the students

Sistemas de classificação de enfermagem e sua aplicação na assistência: revisão integrativa de literatura Sistemas de clasificación de enfermería y su aplicación en la atención: revisión integradora de literatura Nursing classification systems and their application in care: an integrative literature review

O objetivo deste estudo foi buscar evidências sobre o uso de sistemas de classificação de enfermagem na assistência, por meio de revisão integrativa da literatura. Com a busca nas bases LILACS e PubMed, com as palavras-chave classificação, enfermagem, padronizado, sistema, linguagem, selecionaram-se 38 artigos. Encontraram-se cinco sistemas de classificação principais implementados nos serviços: de diagnósticos de enfermagem (da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International), intervenções de enfermagem (Nursing Interventions Classification), resultados de enfermagem (Nursing Outcomes Classification), a Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem e a Classificação Internacional das Práticas de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva. Os artigos abordaram aspectos relacionados à implementação, avaliação, educação continuada e validação de termos relacionados aos sistemas de classificação. Há benefícios para a assistência com a implementação desses sistemas, com melhora da assistência, da qualidade das informações e da organização do serviço.<br>Este estudio buscó evidencias sobre el uso de sistemas de clasificación de enfermería en la atención, a través de revisión integradora de la literatura. Fueron utilizadas las bases de datos LILACS y PubMed, con las palabras clave clasificación, enfermería, estandarizado, sistema se seleccionaron 38 artículos. Los principales sistemas de clasificación fueron: diagnósticos de enfermería (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International), intervenciones de enfermería (Nursing Interventions Classification), resultados de enfermería (Nursing Outcomes Classification), Clasificación Internacional para la Práctica de Enfermería y Clasificación Internacional de Prácticas de Enfermería en Salud Pública. Los artículos aproximan aspectos relacionados con la implementación, evaluación, educación continua y validación de los términos relacionados con los sistemas de clasificación. El uso de sistemas de clasificación de enfermería ofrece beneficios, con la mejora de la atención, de la calidad de la información y de la organización de los servicios.<br>This study sought for scientific evidences on the use of nursing classification systems in care through an integrative literature review. The following databases were used: LILACS and PubMed, with the keywords classification, nursing, standardized, language, system, 38 articles were selected. Five major classification systems, implemented in the services, were found: nursing diagnosis (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International), nursing interventions (Nursing Interventions Classification), nursing outcomes (Nursing Outcomes Classification), the International Classification for Nursing Practice and the International Classification for Nursing Practice in Colletive Health. The articles covered aspects related to the implementation, assessment, continuing education and validation of terms related to classification systems. The use of nursing classification systems provides benefits for care, improving it, the quality of information and service organization