Bevisste voksne, medvirkende barn? : Faglig ansatte i MI-barnehager sine oppfatninger om medvirkning i barnehagen

Denne oppgaven søker å kaste lys over hvordan faglig ansatte i barnehager som benytter Howard Gardners flerintelligensteori som et verktøy i utformingen av sin pedagogiske virksomhet, oppfatter forhold tilknyttet medvirkning i barnehagen. Barns medvirkning i barnehagesammenheng er relativt nytt, men det får stort fokus i barnehagenes nye retningslinjer tilknyttet barnehager virksomhet, gjennom Barnehageloven og i Rammeplan for barnehagers innhold og oppgaver. Jeg ønsker i denne oppgaven å fokusere på de faglige ansattes oppfatninger tilknyttet egen rolle og i forhold til barns uttrykk tilknyttet medvirkning i barnehagen. I denne forbindelse har jeg gjennomført et intervjustudie i to barnehager, en i Sandnes kommune og en i Klepp kommune som utgangspunkt for forskningsoppgavens empiriske grunnlag. En av utfordringene barnehagene står ovenfor er at de må selv skape seg en forståelse for hva medvirkning i egen barnehage skal være, og hvordan de ønsket at dette skal komme til uttrykk både i barnehagens formelle og uformelle kontekster. Hva mener de ansatte er viktig i en slik sammenheng, og hvilke konsekvenser får dette i forhold til barnas reelle muligheter for aktiv deltakelse i egen barnehagehverdag? Gjennom relevant faglitteratur og analyse av empiriske data, har jeg til hensikt å vise hvordan de voksnes subjektive oppfattninger innvirker på måten de forholder seg til ulike sider ved barns medvirkning på. Analysen viser at de faglige ansattes oppfatninger av medvirkning i barnehagen settes i sammenheng med barnehagens forutsetninger, de voksnes syn på hvordan barn kan medvirke, de voksnes syn på egen rolle, barns uttrykk tilknyttet medvirkning og barns egne forutsetninger for å kunne medvirke. Det er viktig å ha med seg perspektivet om at dette er de faglige ansattes subjektive forståelse av fenomenet medvirkning. Hvordan dette får praktiske konsekvenser eller følger i barnas virkelighet vil ikke blir berørt i denne oppgaven

Storage of CO2 in saline aquifers–Lessons learned from 10 years of injection into the Utsira Formation in the Sleipner area

AbstractThe ongoing CO2 injection at Sleipner has demonstrated that 2/3 of the injected CO2 has not reached the top of the Utsira Formation, but has instead migrated laterally below imperfect intra-reservoir seals. The CO2 trapping below the structural spill point in the Utsira Formation is due to local mini traps, capillary flow resistance, and the hydrodynamic drive of the injection. About 40% of the CO2 that has entered the pore systems will remain as residually trapped CO2, whereas an unknown fraction of the remaining CO2 will migrate towards the top of the reservoir

Early and accurate detection of cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis by methylation markers in bile

Background and Aims Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is associated with increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Early and accurate CCA detection represents an unmet clinical need as the majority of patients with PSC are diagnosed at an advanced stage of malignancy. In the present study, we aimed at establishing robust DNA methylation biomarkers in bile for early and accurate diagnosis of CCA in PSC. Approach and Results Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to analyze 344 bile samples from 273 patients with sporadic and PSC-associated CCA, PSC, and other nonmalignant liver diseases for promoter methylation of cysteine dioxygenase type 1, cannabinoid receptor interacting protein 1, septin 9, and vimentin. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed high AUCs for all four markers (0.77-0.87) for CCA detection among patients with PSC. Including only samples from patients with PSC diagnosed with CCA 36 months) as controls, and remained high (83%) when only including patients with PSC and dysplasia as controls (n = 23). Importantly, the bile samples from the CCA-PSCPeer reviewe

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

The Young Pioneers of Cuba: The Formation of Cuban Citizens through Civic Education

After the revolution in Cuba, it was a clear goal and commitment that only through education could Cuba recover from the massive social differences, poverty and underdevelopment. The Castro regime created a social contract with its people, and the regime promised to provide education, healthcare and racial, economic and political equality.Education was made a resource priority. In this context, the two codes of education and moralism were basic to the revolution’s self-image and the experience of reform and empowerment. The year of education (1961) can show for a massive literacy campaign with the outcome which made Cuba ‘’free from illiteracy’’. With the massively investment that went into educational expansion, and the belief in education as a key to Cuba’s future was ingrained in the process along with keeping the values of the revolution and making students good pioneers for Cuba. The literacy levels underline the fact that Cuba’s education system is incredible successful. On the other hand, not much attention has been paid to the philosophical structure underpinning this system. The Cuban revolution, building on the educational values of José Martí, has been and still is a big part of the educational presence in Cuba’s citizenship education. Social norms and citizenship education in Cuba is taught through civic education. The main findings in this study, shows that Civics education is highly ideological. The dynamic process of the Cuban ideology is deeply present in the citizens’ social obligations towards the state, taught through civic education. The Cuban education system is a form of inclusive nationalism with a clear definition of what it means to be a member of the collective society. The Cuban regime has used the educational system to socialize Cubans to equate social independence with subversion and counterrevolution. This makes the ideological development of Cuba important in civic education

Normaldata for bevegelse og bevegelseskontroll i nakken hos nakkefriske personer

Objectives: To establish norm data for a sample of tests assessing movement and motion control in the neck in neck healthy subjects, and to assess the effect of age and gender. Background: Assessment of movement and movement patterns is a common and important part of the clinical examination of patients with neck pain. Having knowledge of the variation in movement and movement patterns in neck healthy and to look at what characterize these are important both as a reference in the clinic and future research. Methods: A total of 96 neck healthy men and women aged 18 to 67 years, performed different tests of neck movement and motor control: active cervical range of motion (CROM), joint position error (JPE), trajectory task “figure of eight”, trajectory task “The fly” and a low-load and high-load isometric holding test. A 3D- electromagnetic system, Liberty (Polhemus, Colchester, VT, USA) with specially written software was used in collecting the data. Results: For several tests, active CROM in all primary movements, joint position error, the isometric holding and the movement smoothness for the two trajectory tasks, we found results similar to other studies: active CROM decreased with age, age and gender had no effect on JPE, the head motion velocity was higher among the young. For the conjunct motion we found different tendencies than other; the conjunct motion increased with age. In addition we had had variables for precision in the two trajectory tasks that is new. Conclusions: Norm data for a sample of neck motion and motor control tests according to differences in age and gender was established with the use of Liberty. The different in results points out the need to establish norm data for the specific instrument and procedures used in a study

Borge/computer : CD-rom, Websider, CompanyCard, LOGO

Vi har laget en webside som kortfattet inneholder informasjon oppdragsgiver vil gjøre lett tilgjengelig for sine kunder. En Cd-rom som inneholder litt mer utfyllende informasjon, og CompanyCard som skal brukes sammen med visittkortet deres

Long-Term Results After Surgery for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a frequent cause of spinal cord dysfunction, and surgical treatment is considered safe and effective. Long-term results after surgery are limited. This study investigated long-term clinical outcomes through data from the Norwegian registry for spine surgery. METHODS: Patients operated at the university hospitals serving Central and Northern Norway were approached for long-term follow-up after 3 to 8 years. The primary outcome was change in the Neck Disability Index, and the secondary outcomes were changes in the European Myelopathy Scale score, quality of life (EuroQoL EQ-5D); numeric rating scales (NRS) for headache, neck pain, and arm pain; and perceived benefit of surgery assessed by the Global Perceived Effect scale from 1 year to long-term follow-up. RESULTS: We included 144 patients operated between January 2013 and June 2018. In total, 123 participants (85.4%) provided patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at long-term follow-up. There was no significant change in PROMs from 1 year to long-term follow-up, including Neck Disability Index (mean 1.0, 95% CI −2.1-4.1, P = .53), European Myelopathy Scale score (mean −0.3, 95% CI −0.7-0.1, P = .09), EQ-5D index score (mean −0.02, 95% CI −0.09-0.05, P = .51), NRS neck pain (mean 0.3 95% CI −0.2-0.9, P = .22), NRS arm pain (mean −0.1, 95% CI −0.8-0.5, P = .70), and NRS headache (mean 0.4, 95% CI −0.1-0.9, P = .11). According to Global Perceived Effect assessments, 106/121 patients (87.6%) reported to be stable or improved (“complete recovery,” “much better,” “slightly better,” or “unchanged”) at long-term follow-up compared with 88.1% at 1 year. Dichotomizing the outcome data based on severity of DCM did not demonstrate significant changes either. CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up of patients undergoing surgery for DCM demonstrates persistence of statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement across a wide range of PROMs