Megimide and metrazol A comparison of their convulsant properties in man and cat

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32479/1/0000564.pd

Subtentorial tumors and other lesions: An electroencephalographic study of 121 cases

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32371/1/0000446.pd

Vertigo and rotational movement in cortical and subcortical lesions

The case histories of 7 patients with brain tumors, who experienced vertigo or rotational movements, have been presented as a basis for a discussion of the central origin of these symptoms. Six of the neoplasms were in the frontotemporal region and 1 in the parietal area. The value of activation of the EEG focus, and of electrocorticography and depth electrode studies in determining the location and extent of the lesions has been demonstrated. A discussion of the anatomical basis for the development of these symptoms and their relationship to neoplasms and traumatic lesions is included.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/33180/1/0000568.pd

Mental and Seizure Manifestations in Relation to Brain Tumors A Statistical Study

Three hundred and twenty-six supratentorial tumors excluding metastatic lesions have been studied statistically to discover interrelationships between different variables: patients' mental changes, seizures, increased intracranial pressure, tumor type, broad and fine location. Glioblastomas multiformes are more commonly associated with mental changes and less with seizures than astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and meningiomas. Strategic location of the tumor also plays an important role. Close to 50% of brain tumors produce seizures and mental aberrations. Increased intracranial pressure per se is not significantly related to the latter; but it is related to seizure phenomenon only in some locations. Deep midline and paramidline tumors as a group produce seizures much less than tumors in the hemisphere with or without deep extension. About one-fourth and one-third of temporal lobe tumors have temporal lobe seizures or no seizures respectively. One-eighth of parietal and parieto-occipital tumors and about half of frontal tumors excluding motor-parietal areas produce grand mal seizures. Individual exceptions need to be considered, also, 46 non-significant relationships out of 71 relationships investigated. RÉSUMÉ Trois cent vingt-six tumeurs supratentorielles, parmi lesquelles des lÉsions mÉtastasiques Étaient exclues, ont fait l'objet d'Études statistiques envisageant le but de dÉcouvrir des relations mutuelles entre les diffÉrentes variables: changements mentaux des malades, crises, pression intracrÂnienne augmentÉe, type de tumeur, localisation globale et prÉcise. Des glioblastomes multiformes sont plus souvent associÉs À des changements mentaux et en moindre mesure avec des crises que des astrocytomes, oligodendrogliomes et mÉningiomes. La localisation de la tumeur joue aussiun rÔle important. PrÈs de 50 % des tumeurs cÉrÉbrales provoquent des crises et des aberrations mentales. Une augmentation de la pression intracrÂnienne n'est pas en relation, de faÇon significative, avec ces derniers cas; mais elle est À rapporter au phÉnomÈne crise dans certaines localisations. Le groupe des tumeurs mÉdianes et paramÉdianes produit bien moins de crises que des tumeurs dans l'hÉmisphÈre avec ou sans extension en profondeur. A peu prÈs un quart et un tiers des tumeurs du lobe temporal ont des crises du lobe temporal ou, respectivement, pas de crises. Un huitiÈme des tumeurs pariÉtales et pariÉto-occipitales et la moitiÉ environ des tumeurs frontales À l'exclusion de l'Ère moto-pariÉtale provoque des crises de grand mal. Des exceptions individuelles sont À considÉrer et, de mÊme, 46 relations non significatives parmi les 71 relations qui ont ÉtÉÉtudiÉes.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65330/1/j.1528-1157.1964.tb03324.x.pd

Virtual histology of cortical thickness and shared neurobiology in 6 psychiatric disorders

Importance Large-scale neuroimaging studies have revealed group differences in cortical thickness across many psychiatric disorders. The underlying neurobiology behind these differences is not well understood. Objective To determine neurobiologic correlates of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls in 6 disorders: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia. Design, Setting, and Participants Profiles of group differences in cortical thickness between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. Similarity between interregional profiles of cell-specific gene expression and those in the group differences in cortical thickness were investigated in each disorder. Next, principal component analysis was used to reveal a shared profile of group difference in thickness across the disorders. Analysis for gene coexpression, clustering, and enrichment for genes associated with these disorders were conducted. Data analysis was conducted between June and December 2019. The analysis included 145 cohorts across 6 psychiatric disorders drawn from the ENIGMA consortium. The numbers of cases and controls in each of the 6 disorders were as follows: ADHD: 1814 and 1602; ASD: 1748 and 1770; BD: 1547 and 3405; MDD: 2658 and 3572; OCD: 2266 and 2007; and schizophrenia: 2688 and 3244. Main Outcomes and Measures Interregional profiles of group difference in cortical thickness between cases and controls. Results A total of 12 721 cases and 15 600 controls, ranging from ages 2 to 89 years, were included in this study. Interregional profiles of group differences in cortical thickness for each of the 6 psychiatric disorders were associated with profiles of gene expression specific to pyramidal (CA1) cells, astrocytes (except for BD), and microglia (except for OCD); collectively, gene-expression profiles of the 3 cell types explain between 25% and 54% of variance in interregional profiles of group differences in cortical thickness. Principal component analysis revealed a shared profile of difference in cortical thickness across the 6 disorders (48% variance explained); interregional profile of this principal component 1 was associated with that of the pyramidal-cell gene expression (explaining 56% of interregional variation). Coexpression analyses of these genes revealed 2 clusters: (1) a prenatal cluster enriched with genes involved in neurodevelopmental (axon guidance) processes and (2) a postnatal cluster enriched with genes involved in synaptic activity and plasticity-related processes. These clusters were enriched with genes associated with all 6 psychiatric disorders. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, shared neurobiologic processes were associated with differences in cortical thickness across multiple psychiatric disorders. These processes implicate a common role of prenatal development and postnatal functioning of the cerebral cortex in these disorders