The histopathological evaluation of effects of application of the bovine amniotic fluid with graft on peri-implant bone regeneration

This study aimed to determine the effects of bovine amniotic fluid combined with bone graft in treating peri-implant bone defects with guided bone regeneration. Twenty female Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into two groups. Bone sockets with a diameter of 4 mm in the coronal part and a diameter of 2.5 mm in the apical part of the implant were created into the corticocancellous bone in the metaphyseal parts of the right tibia bones of all subjects. Implants with a length of 4 mm and a diameter of 2.5 mm were placed in the bone sockets. In the sham surgery group (n = 10) was the circumferential bone defect equivalent to half of the 4-mm implant length, which occurred between the implant and the bone, filled with bovine xenograft. Bovine xenografts were filled with amniotic fluid mixture in the experimental group (n = 10). After 8 weeks of recovery, all rats were sacrificed. The implants were extracted from the soft tissues and the surrounding bone. Subsequently, the bones were decalcified and prepared for histological analysis. The percentage of newly regenerated bone (NRB) formation and fibrosis in the bone defect area around the implant was calculated from all sections. NRB was found in 37.4±4.4% of controls and 41.4±2.63% of test animals (P<0.05 and P=0.024, respectively). Fibrosis formation was found at a rate of 38.6±5.06% in the control group and 33.2±5.38% in the test group (P<0.05 and P=0.033, respectively). It was considered that combining bovine amniotic fluid with bone transplant could be a useful way of treating bone abnormalities

Comparison of the effects of polyethylene glycol and hyaluronic acid in prevention of epidural fibrosis

The aim of this study was to evaluate of the effect of 5% Polyethylene Glycol 4000 in the prevention of epidural fibrosis and to compare the results with hyaluronic acid. A total of 36 adult New Zealand White Rabbits were used in the study. Three groups were formed with each group including 12 rabbits (Group I: Control, Group II: 5% Polyethylene Glycol 4000, Group III: Hyaluronic acid). Hemilaminectomy was performed at L5 vertebrae on the right side. Three rabbits randomly selected from each group at postoperative 2nd, 4th, 8th and 12th week were euthanized. Macroscopic and histopathological evaluation were performed in terms of the amount of scar tissues. Statistical evaluation was made with Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal-Wallis Variance Analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In the hemilaminectomy sites of Group I, severe thickness and tenacious epidural scar adhesions were found between the dura mater and surrounding tissues. In the Group II, dura mater was clean without any evidence of adhesion or scar tissue and minimal adhesions were present. In the Group III, moderate adhesion and scar tissue or minimal adhesion and very thin scar tissue were observed. Statistically; Group II was significantly different from Group I (P < 0.000) and Group III (P < 0.002), and Group III was significantly different from Group I (P < 0.001). It was concluded that 5% Polyethylene glycol 4000 can safely be used locally during operation in the area of decompression in order to prevent epidural fibrosis encountered as a postoperative complication after hemilaminectomy

Increased plasma cardiac troponin I concentration in lambs with myocarditis

Background Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a blood biomarker of myocardial injury. A human cTnI assay may be useful for measuring cTnI concentrations in lambs with naturally occurring myocarditis. Objective The aims of this study were to evaluate the utility of a commercially available human chemiluminescent microparticle cTnI immunoassay for measuring plasma cTnI concentrations in lambs with naturally occurring myocarditis from infection with foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), and to determine cTnI expression in cardiac muscle of affected lambs. Methods Ten lambs with myocarditis and 10 clinically healthy lambs (control group) were included. Clinical signs, gross and histologic necropsy findings, and immunoreactivity for cTnI in cardiac tissue were evaluated. Plasma cTnI concentration was determined using the commercial human immunoassay system. Results All lambs with myocarditis died within 1 similar to day of clinical signs. Infection with FMDV was confirmed by PCR analysis. Gross cardiac lesions were evident and histologic examination revealed myocarditis. Immunoreactivity for cTnI was absent in cardiac myocytes that were degenerative or necrotic, but was strong in cardiac myocytes from unaffected areas of the myocardium and in all cardiac myocytes of healthy lambs. The geometric mean plasma concentrations of cTnI for lambs in the myocarditis and control groups were 146.78 similar to mu g/L (95% confidence interval [CI], 61.90348.06) and 0.013 similar to mu g/L (95% CI, 0.0100.017), respectively (t-value 19.27; P similar toBackgroundCardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a blood biomarker of myocardial injury. A human cTnI assay may be useful for measuring cTnI concentrations in lambs with naturally occurring myocarditis.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to evaluate the utility of a commercially available human chemiluminescent microparticle cTnI immunoassay for measuring plasma cTnI concentrations in lambs with naturally occurring myocarditis from infection with foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), and to determine cTnI expression in cardiac muscle of affected lambs.MethodsTen lambs with myocarditis and 10 clinically healthy lambs (control group) were included. Clinical signs, gross and histologic necropsy findings, and immunoreactivity for cTnI in cardiac tissue were evaluated. Plasma cTnI concentration was determined using the commercial human immunoassay system.ResultsAll lambs with myocarditis died within 1&nbsp;day of clinical signs. Infection with FMDV was confirmed by PCR analysis. Gross cardiac lesions were evident and histologic examination revealed myocarditis. Immunoreactivity for cTnI was absent in cardiac myocytes that were degenerative or necrotic, but was strong in cardiac myocytes from unaffected areas of the myocardium and in all cardiac myocytes of healthy lambs. The geometric mean plasma concentrations of cTnI for lambs in the myocarditis and control groups were 146.78&nbsp;&mu;g/L (95% confidence interval [CI], 61.90&ndash;348.06) and 0.013&nbsp;&mu;g/L (95% CI, 0.010&ndash;0.017), respectively (t-value 19.27; P&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;.0001).ConclusionsA commercial human cTnI assay may be used to detect plasma cTnI concentrations in sheep, and cTnI may be used as a blood-based biomarker of myocarditis in this species.</p

Koinfekcija teladi virusom papularnog stomatitisa goveda, rotavirusom i Cryptosporidium Spp

Concurrent occurence of bovine papular stomatitis, rotavirus infection and cryptosporidiosis was diagnosed postmortem in a 7-days-old calf from a farm containing 65 calves of different ages. Multifocal papular stomatitis and rumenitis were present on necropsy. While polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed rotavirus and papular stomatitis virus infections; bovine viral diarrhea, foot and mouth disease, bovine papilloma virus and coronavirus could not be detected. Overall; concurrent co-infection with bovine papular stomatitis virus, rotavirus and cryptosporidium spp. was reported for the first time.Postmortalno je dijagnostikovana infekcija virusom papuloznog stomatitisa, rotavirusna infekcija kao i kriptosporidioza kod teleta starog 7 dana, na farmi sa 65 teladi različitog uzrasta. Prilikom obdukcije, uočene su multifokalne lezije karakteristične za papulozni stomatitis kao i rumenitis. Testom lančane reakcije polimeraze (PCR) dokazano je prisustvo rotavirusa i virusa izazivača papuloznog stomatitisa, pri čemu nisu dokazani virusi izazivači bovine virusne dijareje, slinavke i šapa, papilomatoze i koronavirusne infekcije. Uopšteno, ovim je po prvi put je prikazan slučaj koinfekcije virusom izazivačem papuloznog stomatitisa, rotavirusne infekcije i infekcija sa Cryptosporidium spp

Case report: systemic tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis in a cat

Abstract Background The diagnosis of previous cases of feline tuberculosis in Turkey has been made based solely on pathological changes without isolation of the causative agent. This case report details the first case of feline tuberculosis in Turkey for which the causative agent (Mycobacterium bovis) was confirmed with microbiological isolation, morphological evaluation, molecular (PCR) characterization and antibiotic sensitivity. Case presentation Systemic tuberculosis was diagnosed via postmortem examination of a 5-year-old stray male cat. Mycobacterium bovis was isolated from the lungs, bronchial and gastrointestinal lymph nodes, kidney and liver. The isolate was defined as M. bovis using the Genotype MTBC assay (Hain Lifescience, Germany), which allows differentiation of species within the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex with an easy-to-perform reverse hybridization assay. Pathological changes were characterized by multifocal to coalescing granulomatous inflammation in the lungs, liver, lymph nodes and kidneys. Further pathological changes included severe, diffuse, hepatocytic atrophy, periportal fibrosis with lymphohistiocytic infiltration, multifocal lymphohistiocytic interstitial nephritis, mild focal pulmonary anthracosis and mild renal and hepatic amyloidosis. Infection by immunosuppressive viral pathogens including feline herpes virus-1, feline immunodeficiency virus and feline parvovirus virus were ruled out by polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR). The isolated mycobacteria were susceptible to isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampicin or streptomycin. Conclusion Disseminated M. bovis is a rare infection in cats. Involvement of submandibular lymph nodes suggested that primary transmission might have been the oral route in the present case

Balneological outpatient treatment for patients with knee osteoarthritis; an effective non-drug therapy option in daily routine?

This study aims to compare the effects of balneological treatments applied at consecutive and intermittent sessions without interfering with their daily routine in patients with knee osteoarthritis. This is a randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial. Fifty patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis were included. The patients were divided into two groups. All patients were given a total of ten sessions of balneological treatment consisting of hydrotherapy and mud pack therapy. Group 1 received consecutive treatment for 2 weeks, while group 2 received intermittent treatment for 5 weeks. Local peloid packs at 45 A degrees C were applied for 20 min, after a tap water (38 A degrees C) bath. Evaluations were conducted before, after treatment, and at 12th week of post-treatment by Pain (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Short Form-36 (SF-36). Both balneological treatment regimens of knee osteoarthritis had statistically significant clinical effects as well as effects on the quality of life. Patients' well-being continued at 3 months, except for joint stiffness (WOMAC), role-emotional (SF-36), and vitality (SF-36) in group 1 and for mental health (SF-36) in both groups. Both patient groups had improved compared to baseline. However, at 3 months after the treatment, the well-being of group 2 was unable to be maintained in terms of role-physical (SF-36) parameter, while the well-being of group 1 was unable to be maintained in terms of pain, WOMAC (pain, physical functions, total), and SF-36 (physical functioning, role-physical, pain, role-emotional, and mental health) variables, compared to data obtained immediately after treatment. Our study suggests that traditional and intermittent balneological therapies have similar efficacy in patients with knee osteoarthritis