Climate change, contemporary society and engineering practice: a sustainability journey

[Abstract]: Climate change, Contemporary Society and engineers share an indivisible pathway towards sustainability through the means of technology. Climate change and sustainability are now new domains that require a better understanding by engineers. Ten years ago sustainability was a development for the future however the absence of climate certainty in contemporary society has raised sustainability awareness to the forefront of societal debate. While sustainability in theory is defined as the capacity to maintain a certain process or state indefinitely. However the literal meaning of “indefinitely” in sustainability definition poses a set of intriguing questions, is indefinite human survival a plausible proposition in a finite world. For this reason efforts in the fight against climate change are becoming a global effort, since it requires global cooperation and greater scientific consensus to reduce carbon emissions and consequently the planet’s energy footprint. We recognize that Sustainability ought to be economically viable, ecologically sound and sensitive; socially responsible and culturally appropriate. Surrounded by this realm of thinking all these mentioned definitions are equal measures that fail to address the importance of “technology” as a subject in the climate change and sustainability debate. Since this generation had inherited the historical legacy of nonrenewable energy technologies. The term “technology” in this context implies any technical system that can result in and/or be well described in terms of a process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants. This paper seeks to investigate the underlying philosophical frames and the nature of the issues of sustainability present to engineers. It explores the notion of “Sustainability” and “technology “in engineering practice. Further, we argue that in order to establish a clear, measurable, actionable, and universally accessible working definition of sustainable engineering practices. climate change and technology life cycle need to be inclusive to sustainability

Implementasi Kebijakan Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (Blud) Di RSUD Undata Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

This research aimed at improving and explaining the phenomenon of policy implementation of Regional Public Service Agency in Regional Hospital of Undata. The main guided as theory analytic is a model of policy implementation developed by Edward III which consists of aspects of Communication, Resources, Implementers' Attitude/Dispotition and Bureaucratic Structure. Informants of this research are determined purposively on Undata Hospital employees who are deemed to understand and know about aspects of this research. Research method used is a qualitative method with data colection technique conducted through observation, interviews and documentation. Data were analysed using the Interactive Model by Miles and Huberman namely data collection, data reduction and display and conclusion/verification. The research result shows that the implementation of policy public of regional public service agency policy implemantion on Undata Hospital of Central Sulawesi Province is generally in good enough categories. Of the four aspects investigated, aspect of communication with the dimension of size and objectives and policy target has not been achieved maximally. Then aspect of the resources with the dimension of amount employee reource, competency and skill of employee and facilities is effective enough. On dispotition aspect which consist of supporting, attitude and manner dimensions, has been shown good improvent. In bureaucracy structure with the dimension aspect of standard operational procedure, has been followed propoerly, but it only needs to increase the consistency with more strict rules

Synchronization for different opinions in Malaysia Multiracial Society: a mathematical exploration study

Malaysia is known for the multiracial and multicultural society who lives together harmoniously despite of the diversities. The tolerance of the people towards each others’ culture and religions has always been the subject of interest for social science researchers. The harmony is due to the phenomena of synchronization of the notions among the community. Synchronization has been widely studied since it is a natural phenomena happening around us everyday, such as the synchronization of fireflies flashes at night. In relate of these, we anticipate in the study of the synchronization of the opinions in a diverse society with mathematical modelling. In this thesis, we analyse three different methods of synchronization by 3 different models: Kuramoto model, Opinion Changing Rate model and a linear model associate with the famous Friedkin and Johnsen Model. We first develop a modified version of existing mathematical models and then conduct the numerical experiment on the models to utilize them in the desired framework

LAPORAN INDIVIDU PRAKTIK PENGALAMAN LAPANGAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA LOKASI: SMP NEGERI 2 BERBAH (Sanggrahan, Tegaltirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta) 10 Agustus – 12 September 2015

Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) merupakan kesempatan bagi mahasiswa untuk mengaplikasikan/ menerapkan ilmu yang telah dipelajarinya di bangku perkuliahan. Mahasiswa diberi kesempatan untuk mengaplikasikan teori-teori tersebut sekaligus mencari ilmu secara empirik dan bersifat faktual, tidak sekedar teoritis. PPL dapat bertujuan untuk memberikan pengalaman nyata dan langsung kepada mahasiswa sebagai calon pendidik, sehingga mahasiswa dapat menerapkan, mempersiapkan, dan mengembangkan kemampuannya sebagai seorang pendidik. PPL dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa kependidikan di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY) untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran PPL langsung di lingkungan sekolah. Sekolah yang digunakan sebagai tempat praktik adalah SMP Negeri 2 Berbah, yang dilaksanakan mulai tanggal 10 Agustus 2015 hingga tanggal 12 September 2015. Pelaksanaan PPL dilakukan dengan mengajar di kelas selama kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah tersebut sesuai jadwal yang sudah ditentukan. Pengajaran di kelas pada pelaksanaan PPL diharapkan dapat dilakukan minimal 4 sampai 6 kali pertemuan dengan materi yang berbeda. Mahasiswa PPL dapat melaksanakan 6 kali pertemuan dengan materi berbeda. Mahasiswa PPL mengajar di dua kelas, yaitu kelas VII A dan VIII B. Metode yang digunakan antara lain ceramah, observasi, demonstrasi, diskusi, dan tanya jawab. Media yang mahasiswa PPL gunakan antara lain lcd, laptop, alat dan bahan yang digunakan kegiatan siswa, dan Lemba Kegiatan Peserta Didik (LKPD). Terdapat kendala atau hambatan selama waktu melaksanakan PPL, diantaranya dalam mengelola kelas dan menanggapi siswa yang acuh terhadap perintah/ teguran guru maupun temannya. Akan tetapi, hal tersebut bukanlah merupakan hambatan yang berarti karena memang perkembangan anak usia SMP sedang dalam proses pencarian jati diri sehingga mahasiswa PPL selalu memberikan nilai-nilai maupun pesan untuk mereka. Mahasiswa PPL mendapat bekal pengalaman dan gambaran nyata selama melaksanakan PPL. Kegiatan PPL dapat terlaksana dengan lancar dan sukses berkat kerjasama semua pihak. Dengan terlaksananya PPL ini dihaapkan dapat menciptakan tenaga pendidik yang profesional dan berkualitas

CARBON FOOTPRINTS DISCLOSURE PRACTICES OF AEROSPACE AND AIRLINES COMPANIES: SYMBOLISM OR ACTION?

Carbon footprints disclosure practices of aerospace and airlines companies increase over the time. However, the increase is motivated by many possible motives, not only to inform to stakeholders about firm’s actions, but also to gain certain images. Thus, the aims of the study are three points. First, to analyze whether carbon footprints disclosure practices of aerospace and airlines companies increase over the time. Second, to analyze whether the companies also increase their disclosure using several highlighting device to draw direct attention of the readers. Third, to analyze the tendency of carbon footprints disclosure practices of aerospace and airlines companies listed in Forbes 2000 in 2011 and 2013. To achieve the objectives, the right method used should be content analysis. Content analysis is applied to analyze four type of disclosures; annual reports, sustainability reports, annual reports of annual reporters only, and annual reports of sustainability reporters. There are three set of categories used. The first category is symbolic statement; normative statement, aspirational target, and awards or recognition. Second category is behavioural statement; internal activities, external activities, and assisting others. The third category is any sentence exclude previous categories disclosed in the reports; descriptive statements and other. The sample then selected based on purposive sampling method. The amount of final sample is forty seven companies. The study uses Wilcoxon signed-ranks test as its statistical test. The results showed that generally firms do not increase their carbon footprints disclosure. However, in annual reports of annual reporters only, firms increased their disclosure practices. Companies also did not take a step to signeled their disclosure clearly to stakeholders and generally more like relied on symbolic management approach instead of behavioural management approach, even though there is a small tendency that firms can also rely on behavioural management approach. Further, the study appears to be the first, to the best of author’s knowledges, to provide direct international evidence on favoured impression and legitimacy by analyzing symbolic versus behavioural management

Guru Kelas Sebagai Fasilitator Di Sekolah Dasar

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peran guru kelas sebagai fasilitator di Sekalah Dasar Negeri  4 Batukara  Kecamatan Batukara Kabupaten Muna. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seleksi data, klasifikasi data dan menarik kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, menunjukan bahwa peran peran guru kelas sebagai fasilitator di Sekolah Dasar Negeri  4 Batukara  Kecamatan Batukara Kabupaten Muna sudah menyediakan perangkat-perangkat pembelajaran. Guru menyadari bahwa untuk mengejar di sekolah Dasar guru kelas harus menjadi  inisiator agar prosess belajar dapat berjalan maksimal dan tidak membebankan perangkat pembelajaran kepada siswa dalam pengadaannya maupun penyediaan fasilitas pembelajaran yaitu sarana dan prasarana yang dapat digunakan siswa-siswi dalam belajar. Guru kelas sudah bertindak sebagai mitra yaitu guru kelas selalu memberikan andil bagi siswa-siswi terlibat dalam proses belajar dan guru kelas  bertindak sebagai mitra sehingga guru kelas dapat mengetahui karakter-karakter peserta didiknya. Guru kelas yang ada di SD Negeri 4 batukara sudah menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya. &nbsp

Generalized Area Spectral Efficiency: An Effective Performance Metric for Green Wireless Communications

Area spectral efficiency (ASE) was introduced as a metric to quantify the spectral utilization efficiency of cellular systems. Unlike other performance metrics, ASE takes into account the spatial property of cellular systems. In this paper, we generalize the concept of ASE to study arbitrary wireless transmissions. Specifically, we introduce the notion of affected area to characterize the spatial property of arbitrary wireless transmissions. Based on the definition of affected area, we define the performance metric, generalized area spectral efficiency (GASE), to quantify the spatial spectral utilization efficiency as well as the greenness of wireless transmissions. After illustrating its evaluation for point-to-point transmission, we analyze the GASE performance of several different transmission scenarios, including dual-hop relay transmission, three-node cooperative relay transmission and underlay cognitive radio transmission. We derive closed-form expressions for the GASE metric of each transmission scenario under Rayleigh fading environment whenever possible. Through mathematical analysis and numerical examples, we show that the GASE metric provides a new perspective on the design and optimization of wireless transmissions, especially on the transmitting power selection. We also show that introducing relay nodes can greatly improve the spatial utilization efficiency of wireless systems. We illustrate that the GASE metric can help optimize the deployment of underlay cognitive radio systems.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted by TCo