Kontext für den (mobilen) Journalismus der Zukunft

In einer Gesellschaft, in der sich Individuen gleichermaßen mobil und online bewegen, erwartet man von der Medienkommunikation, dass sie sich genau darauf einstellt. Das heißt: Angebote von Zeitungen, Hörfunk oder Fernsehsendern müssten nach dieser Auffassung den gesellschaftlichen Anspruch spiegeln, indem sie Nachrichten auch online, mobil und mit konkretem Ortsbezug zur Verfügung stellen. Studien zeigten in der Vergangenheit, dass dies keineswegs der Fall ist. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass dies auch heute gilt: So genannte LBS, also lokalbasierte Dienste (Location-based Services) sind in der informationsorientierten Medienkommunikation in Deutschland weitestgehend ausgeblendet. Dies wird anhand einer Inhaltsanalyse mobiler Nachrichten-Anwendung sowie der Auswertung einer durchgeführten Online-Nutzerbefragung gezeigt.In a society in which individuals act mobile and online, media communication is expected to adapt. That means, one can expect content offers from newspapers, radio or television broadcasters will reflect these social demands by making news available online, on the go and making use of geobased data, the user of mobile devices regularly provides. Studies in the past were able to show that this is not the case. The current contribution proofs: This, still is valid for today's media communication concerning content. So-called LBS, location-based services, are to be searched in information-oriented media communication in Germany. The contribution will make use of a content analysis of a mobile news applications, and it additionally evaluates the outcome of an user survey conducted online

Quantum Eavesdropping without Interception: An Attack Exploiting the Dead Time of Single Photon Detectors

The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) can easily be obscured if the eavesdropper can utilize technical imperfections of the actual implementation. Here we describe and experimentally demonstrate a very simple but highly effective attack which even does not need to intercept the quantum channel at all. Only by exploiting the dead time effect of single photon detectors the eavesdropper is able to gain (asymptotically) full information about the generated keys without being detected by state-of-the-art QKD protocols. In our experiment, the eavesdropper inferred up to 98.8% of the key correctly, without increasing the bit error rate between Alice and Bob significantly. Yet, we find an evenly simple and effective countermeasure to inhibit this and similar attacks

Computed tomographic assessment of lung weights in trauma patients with early posttraumatic lung dysfunction

Introduction: Quantitative computed tomography (qCT)-based assessment of total lung weight (M(lung)) has the potential to differentiate atelectasis from consolidation and could thus provide valuable information for managing trauma patients fulfilling commonly used criteria for acute lung injury (ALI). We hypothesized that qCT would identify atelectasis as a frequent mimic of early posttraumatic ALI. Methods: In this prospective observational study, M(lung) was calculated by qCT in 78 mechanically ventilated trauma patients fulfilling the ALI criteria at admission. A reference interval for M(lung) was derived from 74 trauma patients with morphologically and functionally normal lungs (reference). Results are given as medians with interquartile ranges. Results: The ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen was 560 (506 to 616) mmHg in reference patients and 169 (95 to 240) mmHg in ALI patients. The median reference M(lung) value was 885 (771 to 973) g, and the reference interval for M(lung) was 584 to 1164 g, which matched that of previous reports. Despite the significantly greater median M(lung) value (1088 (862 to 1,342) g) in the ALI group, 46 (59%) ALI patients had M(lung) values within the reference interval and thus most likely had atelectasis. In only 17 patients (22%), Mlung was increased to the range previously reported for ALI patients and compatible with lung consolidation. Statistically significant differences between atelectasis and consolidation patients were found for age, Lung Injury Score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, total lung volume, mass of the nonaerated lung compartment, ventilator-free days and intensive care unit-free days. Conclusions: Atelectasis is a frequent cause of early posttraumatic lung dysfunction. Differentiation between atelectasis and consolidation from other causes of lung damage by using qCT may help to identify patients who could benefit from management strategies such as damage control surgery and lung-protective mechanical ventilation that focus on the prevention of pulmonary complications.Leipzig University Hospita

ERIS: revitalising an adaptive optics instrument for the VLT

ERIS is an instrument that will both extend and enhance the fundamental diffraction limited imaging and spectroscopy capability for the VLT. It will replace two instruments that are now being maintained beyond their operational lifetimes, combine their functionality on a single focus, provide a new wavefront sensing module that makes use of the facility Adaptive Optics System, and considerably improve their performance. The instrument will be competitive with respect to JWST in several regimes, and has outstanding potential for studies of the Galactic Center, exoplanets, and high redshift galaxies. ERIS had its final design review in 2017, and is expected to be on sky in 2020. This contribution describes the instrument concept, outlines its expected performance, and highlights where it will most excel.Comment: 12 pages, Proc SPIE 10702 "Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII

Refined histopathological predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status: A large-scale analysis of breast cancer characteristics from the BCAC, CIMBA, and ENIGMA consortia

Introduction: The distribution of histopathological features of invasive breast tumors in BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation carriers differs from that of individuals with no known mutation. Histopathological features thus have utility for mutation prediction, including statistical modeling to assess pathogenicity of BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants of uncertain clinical significance. We analyzed large pathology datasets accrued by the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA) and the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) to reassess histopathological predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status, and provide robust likelihood ratio (LR) estimates for statistical modeling. Methods: Selection criteria for study/center inclusion were estrogen receptor (ER) status or grade data available for invasive breast cancer diagnosed younger than 70 years. The dataset included 4,477 BRCA1 mutation carriers, 2,565 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 47,565 BCAC breast cancer cases. Country-stratified estimates of the

Refined histopathological predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status : a large-scale analysis of breast cancer characteristics from the BCAC, CIMBA, and ENIGMA consortia

Abstract Introduction The distribution of histopathological features of invasive breast tumors in BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation carriers differs from that of individuals with no known mutation. Histopathological features thus have utility for mutation prediction, including statistical modeling to assess pathogenicity of BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants of uncertain clinical significance. We analyzed large pathology datasets accrued by the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA) and the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) to reassess histopathological predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status, and provide robust likelihood ratio (LR) estimates for statistical modeling. Methods Selection criteria for study/center inclusion were estrogen receptor (ER) status or grade data available for invasive breast cancer diagnosed younger than 70 years. The dataset included 4,477 BRCA1 mutation carriers, 2,565 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 47,565 BCAC breast cancer cases. Country-stratified estimates of the likelihood of mutation status by histopathological markers were derived using a Mantel-Haenszel approach. Results ER-positive phenotype negatively predicted BRCA1 mutation status, irrespective of grade (LRs from 0.08 to 0.90). ER-negative grade 3 histopathology was more predictive of positive BRCA1 mutation status in women 50 years or older (LR = 4.13 (3.70 to 4.62)) versus younger than 50 years (LR = 3.16 (2.96 to 3.37)). For BRCA2, ER-positive grade 3 phenotype modestly predicted positive mutation status irrespective of age (LR = 1.7-fold), whereas ER-negative grade 3 features modestly predicted positive mutation status at 50 years or older (LR = 1.54 (1.27 to 1.88)). Triple-negative tumor status was highly predictive of BRCA1 mutation status for women younger than 50 years (LR = 3.73 (3.43 to 4.05)) and 50 years or older (LR = 4.41 (3.86 to 5.04)), and modestly predictive of positive BRCA2 mutation status in women 50 years or older (LR = 1.79 (1.42 to 2.24)). Conclusions These results refine likelihood-ratio estimates for predicting BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation status by using commonly measured histopathological features. Age at diagnosis is an important variable for most analyses, and grade is more informative than ER status for BRCA2 mutation carrier prediction. The estimates will improve BRCA1 and BRCA2 variant classification and inform patient mutation testing and clinical management

Sprachverlust mit System: Die Presse in der Krise

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Der "Writing Code“

The “Writing Code” is a book that saves students time. In fact, compared to the routines and processes normally used to finish a bachelor’s, master’s or doctoral thesis, it will save them up to thirty per cent time. This book will help to replace regular and less efficient kinds of work and protect the students’ mental health while they are working on a demanding project. The “Writing Code” will show them the way your teachers and professors read their theses, and it will encourage them to leave linear thinking and linear output behind. This book will even prepare them for major projects in jobs they may apply for after successfully finishing their studies. In addition, they will learn how to work confidently with sources and references; they will understand how to discuss definitions precisely and how to structure their personal work. They will also be guided in devising their own personal kind of time management. Therefore, the “Writing Code” could be a perfect companion or tutor for current work on any topic, and all students who want to improve the efficiency of their academic writing will profit immensely from it. All in all, this is an uncompromising textbook which encourages everybody to engage in self-disciplined work.Effizienz im Studium und gute Bachelor- oder Masterarbeiten sind kein Zufall. Der ‚Writing Code’ liefert Ihnen den ultimativen Schlüssel, Ihre Abschlussarbeit nicht nur in Top-Qualität sondern auch in der kürzest möglichen Zeit fertigzubekommen. Er geht dabei auf Ihre ganz persönlichen Fragen ein und findet zielsicher Lösungen: Ihr Code zum erfolgreichen Studienabschluss – der Ihnen Kunst und Rhythmus des (wissenschaftlichen) Schreibens vermittelt. Mit dem ‚Writing Code’ optimieren Sie das Verhältnis von Aufwand und Ertrag – und zwar ganz egal, ob Sie zu Pragmatismus neigen, oder sich als fleißige Arbeitsbienen gerne einmal verzetteln