Carboxylate and aromatic active‐site residues are determinants of high‐affinity binding of ω‐aminoaldehydes to plant aminoaldehyde dehydrogenases

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87000/1/j.1742-4658.2011.08239.x.pd

Comparison of dietary oils with different polyunsaturated fatty acid n-3 and n-6 content in the rat model of cutaneous wound healing

Dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-3 can affect cutaneous wound healing; however, recent findings demonstrate the variable extent of their influence on the quality of healing. Here, we compare the effect of several dietary oils, containing different levels of PUFA n-3 and PUFA n-6, on wound healing in the rat model. Rats were fed the feed mixture with 8% palm oil (P), safflower oil (S), fish oil (F) or Schizochytrium microalga extract (Sch) and compared to the animals fed by control feed mixture (C). Dorsal full-thickness cutaneous excisions were performed after 52 days of feeding and skin was left to heal for an additional 12 days. Histopathological analysis of skin wounds was performed, including immune cells immunolabeling and the determination of hydroxyproline amount as well as gene expression analyses of molecules contributing to different steps of the healing. Matrix-assisted-laser-desorption-ionization mass-spectrometry-imaging (MALDI-MSI) was used to determine the amount of collagen alpha-1(III) chain fragment in healing samples. Treatment by Schizochytrium extract resulted in decrease in the total wound area, in contrast to the safflower oil group where the size of the wound was larger when comparing to control animals. Diet with Schizochytrium extract and safflower oils displayed a tendency to increase the number of new vessels. The number of MPO-positive cells was diminished following any of oil treatment in comparison to the control, but their highest amount was found in animals with a fish oil diet. On the other hand, the number of CD68-positive macrophages was increased, with the most significant enhancement in the fish oil and safflower oil group. Hydroxyproline concentration was the highest in the safflower oil group but it was also enhanced in all other analyzed treatments in comparison to the control. MALDI-MSI signal intensity of a collagen III fragment decreased in the sequence C > S > Sch > P > F treatment. In conclusion, we observed differences in tissue response during healing between dietary oils, with the activation of inflammation observed following the treatment with oil containing high eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level (fish oil) and enhanced healing features were induced by the diet with high content of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, Schizochytrium extract)

Origin of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Plants at 55–75°C ¶

The origin of heat-induced chlorophyll fluorescence rise that appears at about 55–60°C during linear heating of leaves, chloroplasts or thylakoids (especially with a reduced content of grana thylakoids) was studied. This fluorescence rise was earlier attributed to photosystem I (PSI) emission. Our data show that the fluorescence rise originates from chlorophyll a (Chl a ) molecules released from chlorophyll-containing protein complexes denaturing at 55–60°C. This conclusion results mainly from Chl a fluorescence lifetime measurements with barley leaves of different Chl a content and absorption and emission spectra measurements with barley leaves preheated to selected temperatures. These data, supported by measurements of liposomes with different Chl a /lipid ratios, suggest that the released Chl a is dissolved in lipids of thylakoid membranes and that with increasing Chl a content in the lipid phase, the released Chl a tends to form low-fluorescing aggregates. This is probably the reason for the suppressed fluorescence rise at 55–60°C and the decreasing fluorescence course at 60–75°C, which are observable during linear heating of plant material with a high Chl a /lipid ratio ( e.g. green leaves, grana thylakoids, isolated PSII particles).Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74574/1/0031-8655_2003_0770068OOCFIP2.0.CO2.pd

The Present State and Developments of Reference Services and Virtual Reference Services in University Libraries with the Intention of Brno Region

Dip lo mo vá práce podává přehled o aktuálním stavu referenčních a virtuálních referenčních s lužeb v univerzit ních kniho vnách ve vybraných vysokých ško lách v Brně. V úvodní část i jsou referenční a virtuální referenční s lužby stručně představeny, definovány a jsou uvedeny formy, ve kterých se vyskytují. Druhá část je věnována virtuální referenčním službám v Česku, především nejvýznamnější službě tohoto druhu u nás - Ptejte se knihovny. Třetí část obsahuje výsledky analýzy referenčních a virtuálních referenčních služeb ve zvo lených kniho vnách Vysokého učení technického v Brně a Masarykovy univerzit y v Brně. Jednot livé služby jsou stručně charakterizovány a popsány jejich prvky. Závěrečná část přináší shrnut í jednot livých analyzo vaných služeb a jsou nast íněny trendy rozvoje referenčních a virtuálních služeb

Art of preaching in the Late Baroque period

The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the use of figurative and rhetorical elements and the creation of sermons composition of authors from the first half of the 18th century. The attention focuses on baroque literary genres, especially on sermons and preachers whose speeches are analysed. The research consists of composition analysis of individual sermons and their comparison. The next task is to select figurative and rhetorical elements and assess their effects on readers. The last section contains an exploration of vocabulary with regard to archaisms and borrowings. This work makes a contribution to the cognition of rhetorical abilities of Czech baroque preachers

Václav Beneš Třebízský

The main aim of the bachelor thesis is a gathering of facts about life and work of Václav Beneš Třebízský and a creation of overview that deals with frequency of publishing of his novels and stories in particular time periods. The next task is to analyse poetics of his works while using one of his novels. This part mostly focuses on a literary character. Its aspects are described with support of cited literature and the discovered knowledge is used to an analysis of the chosen novel

Kinetic and chemical analyses of the cytokinin dehydrogenase-catalysed reaction: correlations with the crystal structure

CKX (cytokinin dehydrogenase) is a flavoprotein that cleaves cytokinins to adenine and the corresponding side-chain aldehyde using a quinone-type electron acceptor. In the present study, reactions of maize (Zea mays) CKX with five different substrates (N(6)-isopentenyladenine, trans-zeatin, kinetin, p-topolin and N-methyl-isopentenyladenine) were studied. By using stopped-flow analysis of the reductive half-reaction, spectral intermediates were observed indicative of the transient formation of a binary enzyme–product complex between the cytokinin imine and the reduced enzyme. The reduction rate was high for isoprenoid cytokinins that showed formation of a charge-transfer complex of reduced enzyme with bound cytokinin imine. For the other cytokinins, flavin reduction was slow and no charge-transfer intermediates were observed. The binary complex of reduced enzyme and imine product intermediate decays relatively slowly to form an unbound product, cytokinin imine, which accumulates in the reaction mixture. The imine product only very slowly hydrolyses to adenine and an aldehyde derived from the cytokinin N(6) side-chain. Mixing of the substrate-reduced enzyme with Cu(2+)/imidazole as an electron acceptor to monitor the oxidative half-reaction revealed a high rate of electron transfer for this type of electron acceptor when using N(6)-isopentenyladenine. The stability of the cytokinin imine products allowed their fragmentation analysis and structure assessment by Q-TOF (quadrupole–time-of-flight) MS/MS. Correlations of the kinetic data with the known crystal structure are discussed for reactions with different cytokinins