Theoretical analysis of the spatial variability in tillage forces for fatigue analysis of tillage machines

This paper presents a new theoretical model to describe the spatial variability in tillage forces for the purpose of fatigue analysis of tillage machines. The proposed model took into account both the variability in tillage system parameters (soil engineering properties, tool design parameters and operational conditions) and the cyclic effects of mechanical behavior of the soil during failure ahead of tillage tools on the spatial variability in tillage forces. The stress-based fatigue life approach was used to determine the life time of tillage machines, based on the fact that the applied stress on tillage machines is primarily within the elastic range of the material. Stress cycles with their mean values and amplitudes were determined by the rainflow algorithm. The damage friction caused by each cycle of stress was computed according to the Soderberg criterion and the total damage was calculated by the Miner's law. The proposed model was applied to determine the spatial variability in tillage forces on the shank of a chisel plough. The equivalent stress history resulted from these forces were calculated by means of a finite element model and the Von misses criterion. The histograms of mean stress and stress amplitude obtained by the rainflow algorithm showed significant dispersions. Although the equivalent stress is smaller than the yield stress of the material, the failure by fatigue will occur after a certain travel distance. The expected distance to failure was found to be df=0.825×106km. It is concluded that the spatial variability in tillage forces has significant effect on the life time of tillage machines and should be considered in the design analysis of tillage machines to predict the life time. Further investigations are required to correlate the results achieved by the proposed model with field tests and to validate the proposed assumptions to model the spatial variability in tillage force

Epidemiology of Hypertension in the Prefecture of Figuig, Morocco

BACKGROUND: Hypertension continues to be a public health problem with devastating consequences globally, particularly in developing countries where there is an acute paucity of hypertension data.The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and treatment characteristics of hypertensive patients in the prefecture of Figuig, Morocco. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of hypertensive patients’ medical records from 2010 to 2020. The diagnosis, treatments, and complications were reported by physicians and cardiologists. Data analysis was made according to epidemiological, clinical complications, and treatments. RESULTS: Hypertension progressed from 871 cases in 2010 to 1785 cases in 2020 with an average annual incidence rate of 105.56/100,000 person-year, affecting more women than men (68% vs 32%). Hypertension was higher among rural residents compared to urban residents (54.0%vs 46%). Hypertension was noted in 65.4 % of patients aged 60+, and in 30.49% of patients aged 40-59. The incidence proportion of clinical complications is Ipcomplications=18.35/1000 person- year, principally cardiovascular diseases (45.42%), stroke (25.55%), retinopathy (17.98%) and nephropathy (10.41%). The most antihypertensive drugs used were Calcium channel blockers (33.39%), Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (21.13%), Angiotensin receptors blockers (21.21%), diuretics (19.4%), beta-blockers (5.38%) and central antihypertensive (10.46%) with an average coverage needs of treatments in the prefecture as (47.29%). CONCLUSION: Hypertension progresses gradually in the prefecture, higher among older individuals, women and rural residents. Large proportion of patients cannot find their treatments in health care structures which lead to poor blood pressure control, accelerating the appearance of complications

The effectiveness of self-hypnosis to reduce the intensity of nausea vomiting in emesis patients

Background: Pregnancy triggers various physical and psychological changes, including common first-trimester symptoms like nausea and vomiting. Self-hypnosis can help alleviate these symptoms, offering an alternative treatment for pregnant women. Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) included 44 pregnant women with gestational ages less than 20 weeks, selected through purposive and total sampling. Participants were divided into two groups: the treatment group (n=22) received self-hypnosis recordings with water sounds, while the control group (n=22) received recordings of water sounds only. Both groups listened to the recordings for 15 minutes each morning and night over a period of 4 weeks. The study took place in the Kedunggalar Health Center area from June to July 2023. The PUQE-24 instrument measured nausea and vomiting severity before the intervention and weekly for four weeks thereafter. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The treatment group experienced a statistically significant reduction in nausea and vomiting intensity, as indicated by PUQE-24 scores, at week I (p=0.013), week II (p=0.000), week III (p=0.000), and week IV (p=0.000). The treatment group showed a greater reduction in mean PUQE-24 scores compared to the control group (p<0.05). Clinically, nausea and vomiting intensity decreased from moderate to mild or none in the treatment group, while the control group showed no significant changes. Conclusions: Self-hypnosis is effective in reducing the intensity of nausea and vomiting in patients with emesis gravidarum

Analisis Pengaruh Nilai Pelangan Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Dan Dampaknya Pada Loyalitas Pelanggan (Survei Pada Pengguna Sepeda Motor Honda Vario All Variant Di Service Center Honda Ahass Sukma Motor Jalan Sigura-gura Barat Kota Malang)

The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain: The influence of Customer Value on Customer Satisfaction; The influence of Customer Value on Customer Loyalty; The influence of Customer Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty. This research use explanatory research with quantitative approach. total sample in this research is 116 respondent which are Honda Vario all variant user that was servicing their motor in Honda AHASS service center at west sigura-gura road in Malang City. Sample-taking technique used Accidental sampling meanwile the data collection method used questionnaire. Descriptive statistic analysis and path analysis are used to analyze the data. The result of the study shows that there is significant effect from Customers value variable (X) to customer satisfaction (Y1). Customer satisfaction variable has significant effect to customer loyalty variable (Y2). there is significant effect from Customer value variable to Customer loyaty variable (Y2)

Research into a new fault generated noise distribution system fault locator

The problems associated with detection and clearing of faults on overhead distribution systems, particularly in interconnected networks, are still of great concern. Most utilities employ reclosing relays with circuit breakers to handle transient faults. Permanent faults, however, require a location of the faulty line section, isolation and possibly rescheduling of the network, before normal power delivery may be resumed. This work is mainly concerned with the design of a new directional fault locator, suitable for use on overhead power distribution systems operating typically at llkV. It is possible to design a protective scheme based upon a variety of operating principles, but the operating principle of the new equipment and the scheme developed are based upon detection of fault generated noise. In the past, schemes based upon this operating principle have relied on use of a communication link to locate a fault. However, the new scheme developed in this work does not require the presence of such a communication link. The electronics that interface with the new equipment enable it to determine the direction of a fault, i.e, distinguish between upstream and downstream faults. The means by which directional fault finding is achieved are fully discussed. Moreover, with further signal processing of fault generated signals, the usefulness of the new scheme has been extended and, in addition to being directional, it is also capable of locating the faulty line section of an overhead distribution system, i.e, distinguish between in-zone and out-of-zone faults. The effect of fault resistance, fault inception angle, fault position, source capacity and the effect of type of fault on the performance of the new equipment have been studied and relevant simulation results are presented. Finally the behaviour of a number of new directional fault locators on a radial overhead system has been evaluated using the Electromagnetic Transients Program, EMTP

Toleransi Beragama Dari Sudut Pandang Agama Minoritas

This discussion aims to examine more deeply about religious tolerance from the perspective of minority religions, especially Buddha at the Dhammadipa Arama Monastery, Malang. This is intended to get a complete picture of tolerance. Because most of those who experience intolerance are minorities, so it would be interesting if his perspective on religious tolerance was reviewed. Field research was selected based on various considerations and suggestions from various parties. Data collection was carried out on the spot. This research is included in the qualitative category, or it can be said that this research is comprehensive to understand the environment (such as behavior and phenomena). The results of the study show that even for minorities (especially at the Dhammadipa Arama Monastery), religious harmony is also important to strive for. And one of the practical solutions that can be applied is to improve communication between religions. Because often conflicts occur because of a lack of understanding of each other. then to address various issues one should look at it from several points of view so that one does not arbitrarily conclude with one's own rationality

Reliability-based design optimization of shank chisel plough using optimum safety factor strategy

Reliability integration into tillage machine design process is a new strategy to overcome the drawbacks of classical design approaches and to achieve designs with a required reliability level. Furthermore, design optimization of soil tillage equipments under uncertainty seeks to design structures which should be both economic and reliable. The originality of this research is to develop an efficient methodology that controls the reliability levels for complex statistical distribution cases of random tillage forces. This developed strategy is based on design sensitivity concepts in order to determine the influence of each random parameter. The application of this method consists in taking into account the uncertainties on the soil tillage forces. The tillage forces are calculated in accordance with analytical model of McKyes and Ali with some modifications to include the effect of both soil–metal adhesion and tool speed. The different developments and applications show the importance of the developed method to improve the performance of the soil tillage equipments considering both random geometry and loading parameters. The developed method so-called OSF (Optimum Safety Factor) can satisfy a required reliability level without additional computing time relative to the deterministic design optimization study. Since the agricultural equipment parameters are extremely nonlinear, we extended the OSF approach to several nonlinear probabilistic distributions such as lognormal, uniform, Weibull and Gumbel probabilistic distribution laws

An empirical study on the impact of sustainable manufacturing practices and innovation performance on environmental sustainability

This study analyzes the causal relationship between sustainable manufacturing practice (SMP) and environmental sustainability as well as determines the mediating effect of innovation performance (IP) on the relationship between SMP and environmental sustainability.Adaptation from the changing business environment, manufacturing firms are facing great challenge on producing more products with less resource consumption, pollution emitted and waste generated.Using structural equation modeling, the survey data collected from 150 Malaysian manufacturing firms has been analyzed in this study.The empirical results show that both types of SMP have a positive and significant impact on environmental sustainability with external SMP is greater than internal SMP. However, there is no significant evidence to prove IP as a mediator for SMP-environmental sustainability linkage.The findings of this paper have important implication in both theoretical and practical perspectives.While provide better understanding of the phenomena by simultaneously analyzing a series of dependence relationships among SMP, IP and environmental sustainability, these results could help managers to understand the types of practices that would improve their environmental performance

Modélisation et étude numérique de la pollution de la nappe phréatique

Une méthode numérique pour la simulation dynamique du transfert de masse dans le sol, causant la dégradation de la qualité des eaux souterraines est développée. Pour se faire, la méthode des différences finies est utilisée pour résoudre le problème et prévoir le profil des pressions, des vitesses de filtration, des saturations en eau et de la concentration du soluté.Modelisation and numerical study of groundwater pollutionA numerical method for the dynamic simulation of mass transfert in the ground wich participate in groudwater pollution is developed. To that purpose, the finite difference method is used to solve the solution of a system and in order to know profiles of pressure, filtrate velocity, water saturation and solute concentration

Modélisation numérique d'écoulements pulses de fluides plastiques en conduites déformables à parois élastiques poreuses et isotropes

L'objet du présent travail consiste à mettre en évidence, dans un écoulement pulsé, certains effets caractéristiques dus au comportement plastique du fluide, au comportement élastique isotrope de la paroi et à sa porosité. À l'aide d'une méthode numérique itérative aux différences finies, la pression et la vitesse de débit dans la conduite ont été déterminées. Cette contribution à la compréhension de certains aspects de l'écoulements sanguin dans les artères peut aussi s'appliquer à des écoulements de type industriel.Numerical modelisation of pulsatile flows of plastic fluids through isotropie porous elastic pipesA numerical study concerning pulsatile flows of plastic fluids through isotropie porous elastic ducts is presented. The objective is to investigate the effects ofporosity, and elasticity ofpipe wall material for a generalized Bingham fluid. An implicit difference method is used to resolve the equations, we determine the pressure and the flow rate distributions. This study can be considered as a step in modelling offlow in blood vessels, may also contribute to other important fields such as water desalination or gel filtration