Inter simple sequence repeats separate efficiently hemp from marijuana ( Cannabis sativa L.)

Cannabis sativa L. is a multiple-use plant that provides raw material for the production of seed oil, natural fiber for textiles, automotive and pulp industries. It has also been used in insulating boards, ropes, varnishes, animal feed, and as medicinal agents. Cannabis has potential to be used for phytoremediation: however, its cultivation is strictly controlled due to its psychoactive nature and usage in producing drugs such as marijuana, and hashish. In this study, psychoactive type Cannabis samples, which were seized from 23 different locations of Turkey, and nine hemp type Cannabis accessions, as well as an unknown accession were used. Our interest was to identify the genetic relatedness of the seized samples and to separate drug and hemp type plants. Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) were employed for analysis based on single plant material (SET1) and bulked samples of them (SET2). Data was analysed via cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). PCoA analyses, by using SET1 and SET2, were able to efficiently discriminate the seized samples from the fiber type accessions. However, separation of the plants was not clear via unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendogram in SET1, while they were clearly separated in SET2. Hemp type accessions showed high levels of variation compared to drug type Cannabis both in SET1 and SET2

Dexamethasone and Basic‐Fibroblast Growth Factor Regulate Markers of Mineralization in Cementoblasts In Vitro

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142252/1/jper1550.pd

Responses of Some Dwarf Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Grown in Turkey to Zinc and Boron Applications

This study was conducted to determine the effects of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) applications on biomass, dry weight content and grain yield of 25 registered and local populations of dwarf bean genotypes tested. Plants were grown for 3 B and 3 Zn doses (0, 5, 10 mg kg-1 each). The trial was conducted in three replicates within a controlled glasshouse according to randomized plots factorial design. Results have shown that B and Zn applications considerably effect on the dwarf dry bean varieties in terms of biomass, dry weight and grain yield. From the genotypes used, Eskisehir-855, Karacasehir-90, Noyanbey, Terzibaba, Yakutiye, Fasulye sira, Yalova-17, Romano, Nazende, Seminis Gina, Yunus-90, Akman-98, Z¨ulbiye, Horoz fasulye and Kanada were found to be resistant to B deficiency while Sehirali-90, G¨oyn¨uk-98, Akdag, Sahin-90, ¨Onceler-98, Aras-98, Sarikiz, Magnum, May Gina and Efsane were the sensitive ones. The highest grain yield at 10 mg B kg-1 application was attained from the species Aras-98 and Kanada, hence they were classified as resistant to B toxicity. Zinc x genotype interaction was found significant from the stand point of biomass, dry weight and grain yield. Akman-98, Karacasehir-90, Noyanbey, Terzibaba, Sahin-90, Horoz fasulye, Nazende and Efsane were tolerant to Zn deficiency, while G¨oyn¨uk-98, Aras-98 and Fasulye sira were moderately tolerant. On the other hand, the varieties Eskisehir-855, Yunus-90, Sehirali-90, ¨Onceler-98, Z¨ulbiye, Yakutiye, Romano and Kanada were moderately sensitive to Zn deficiency, while the species of Akdag, Sarikiz, Magnum, Seminis Gina, May Gina and Yalova-17 were highly sensitive

Responses of Some Dwarf Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Grown in Turkey to Zinc and Boron Applications

This study was conducted to determine the effects of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) applications on biomass, dry weight content and grain yield of 25 registered and local populations of dwarf bean genotypes tested. Plants were grown for 3 B and 3 Zn doses (0, 5, 10 mg kg-1 each). The trial was conducted in three replicates within a controlled glasshouse according to randomized plots factorial design. Results have shown that B and Zn applications considerably effect on the dwarf dry bean varieties in terms of biomass, dry weight and grain yield. From the genotypes used, Eskisehir-855, Karacasehir-90, Noyanbey, Terzibaba, Yakutiye, Fasulye sira, Yalova-17, Romano, Nazende, Seminis Gina, Yunus-90, Akman-98, Z¨ulbiye, Horoz fasulye and Kanada were found to be resistant to B deficiency while Sehirali-90, G¨oyn¨uk-98, Akdag, Sahin-90, ¨Onceler-98, Aras-98, Sarikiz, Magnum, May Gina and Efsane were the sensitive ones. The highest grain yield at 10 mg B kg-1 application was attained from the species Aras-98 and Kanada, hence they were classified as resistant to B toxicity. Zinc x genotype interaction was found significant from the stand point of biomass, dry weight and grain yield. Akman-98, Karacasehir-90, Noyanbey, Terzibaba, Sahin-90, Horoz fasulye, Nazende and Efsane were tolerant to Zn deficiency, while G¨oyn¨uk-98, Aras-98 and Fasulye sira were moderately tolerant. On the other hand, the varieties Eskisehir-855, Yunus-90, Sehirali-90, ¨Onceler-98, Z¨ulbiye, Yakutiye, Romano and Kanada were moderately sensitive to Zn deficiency, while the species of Akdag, Sarikiz, Magnum, Seminis Gina, May Gina and Yalova-17 were highly sensitive

Inter simple sequence repeats separate efficiently hemp from marijuana ( Cannabis sativa L.)

Cannabis sativa L. is a multiple-use plant that provides raw material for the production of seed oil, natural fiber for textiles, automotive and pulp industries. It has also been used in insulating boards, ropes, varnishes, animal feed, and as medicinal agents. Cannabis has potential to be used for phytoremediation: however, its cultivation is strictly controlled due to its psychoactive nature and usage in producing drugs such as marijuana, and hashish. In this study, psychoactive type Cannabis samples, which were seized from 23 different locations of Turkey, and nine hemp type Cannabis accessions, as well as an unknown accession were used. Our interest was to identify the genetic relatedness of the seized samples and to separate drug and hemp type plants. Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) were employed for analysis based on single plant material (SET1) and bulked samples of them (SET2). Data was analysed via cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). PCoA analyses, by using SET1 and SET2, were able to efficiently discriminate the seized samples from the fiber type accessions. However, separation of the plants was not clear via unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendogram in SET1, while they were clearly separated in SET2. Hemp type accessions showed high levels of variation compared to drug type Cannabis both in SET1 and SET2

CYTOGENETICAL ANALYSIS OF 12 TAXA OF GENISTA L. (FABACEAE) FROM TURKEY

WOS: 000273506400004In this study, cytogenetical analyses of 12 taxa belonging to the genus Genista L. and grown naturally in Turkey were conducted. These taxa include G. acanthoclada, G albida, G. anatolica, G. aucheri, G. burdurensis, G. carinalis, G. involucrata, G. januensis subsp. lydia, G. sandrasica, G sessilifolia, G. tinctoria and G. vuralii. Chromosome numbers of all the taxa, except G. tinctoria, are introduced to the scientific community for the first time. Somatic metaphase chromosomes of the genus were determined as 2n = 18, 36, 46, 48, 52, 72 and 144. Polyploidy was observed in the cells of G. albida (2n = 18, 2n = 4x = 36), G. tinctoria (2n = 36, 48, 2n = 4x = 96), G. januensis subsp. lydia (2n = 46, 2n = 4x = 92), G. burdurensis and G. sessilifolia (2n = 48, 2n = 4x = 96). Somatic chromosomes of the G. sandrasica are very small, thus exact ploidy level of polyploidy was not determined. Karyotype analysis of G. albida and G involucrata were performed via an Image Analysis System.Scientific Research Coordination Center of Selcuk University [BAP-05401075]Financial support received from the Scientific Research Coordination Center of Selcuk University (BAP-05401075) to conduct the study is gratefully acknowledged

Phylogenetic relationship analysis of Genista L. (Fabaceae) species from Turkey as revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat amplification

WOS: 000277847400006Genista L. (Fabaceae) is distributed in Europe, South Africa, and West Asia and consists of almost 90 species in the world. Thirteen species of the genus are distributed in Turkey. Taxonomic problems of the species started to be resolved with recently developed DNA-based molecular methods. These methods, in contrast to phenotypical analyses, are free from the effects of environmental conditions. In this study, DNA of the species which belong to the Genista genus, grown naturally in Turkey and collected from the different localities, were isolated with a commercial kit. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) is a simple molecular marker system that provides reliable results. Based on ISSR data, genetic similarities and dendrogram demonstrating the phylogenetic relationships among the Genista taxa were prepared by the NTSYSpc 2.0 software. In this study, infrageneric classifications of the Genista taxa belonging to the Flora of Turkey were conducted based on molecular data. ISSR analysis strongly supported the hypothesis that G. aucheri is accepted as the synonym of G. sessilifolia.Coordinate Office of the Selcuk University [05401075]We express our thanks to the Scientific Investigation Projects Coordinate Office of the Selcuk University (Project no: 05401075) for financial suppor

Ancient DNA from 8400 Year-Old Çatalhöyük Wheat: Implications for the Origin of Neolithic Agriculture

Human history was transformed with the advent of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent with wheat as one of the founding crops. Although the Fertile Crescent is renowned as the center of wheat domestication, archaeological studies have shown the crucial involvement of Catalhoyuk in this process. This site first gained attention during the 1961-65 excavations due to the recovery of primitive hexaploid wheat. However, despite the seeds being well preserved, a detailed archaeobotanical description of the samples is missing. In this article, we report on the DNA isolation, amplification and sequencing of ancient DNA of charred wheat grains from Catalhoyuk and other Turkish archaeological sites and the comparison of these wheat grains with contemporary wheat species including T. monococcum, T. dicoccum, T. dicoccoides, T. durum and T. aestivum at HMW glutenin protein loci. These ancient samples represent the oldest wheat sample sequenced to date and the first ancient wheat sample from the Middle East. Remarkably, the sequence analysis of the short DNA fragments preserved in seeds that are approximately 8400 years old showed that the Catalhoyuk wheat stock contained hexaploid wheat, which is similar to contemporary hexaploid wheat species including both naked (T. aestivum) and hulled (T. spelta) wheat. This suggests an early transitory state of hexaploid wheat agriculture from the Fertile Crescent towards Europe spanning present-day Turkey.Publisher's Versio

Assessment of genetic variability for grain nutrients from diverse regions: potential for wheat improvement

Background: A total of 150 bread wheat genotypes representing 121 Indian and 29 Turkish origin were screened for nutrient concentrations and grain protein content. Elemental and grain protein composition were studied by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer and LECO analyser, respectively. The study was performed to determine the variability in nutrient concentrations present in the collected wheat genetic material from two countries. Results: Several fold variations among genotypes existed for almost all the elements. Three major components of principal component analysis (PCA) revealed 60.8% variation among the genotypes. Nutrient variables segregated into two groups, one group containing all the macroelements except sulphur; and another cluster containing proteins and all the microelements except Zn and Mn. Pearson correlation analysis and heat-map were in accordance with each other determining strong positive association between P-K, Mn-Zn, Mg-S and Cu-protein content. Also, PCA and hierarchical grouping divided all the Indian and Turkish genotypes in two main clusters. Conclusions: Nutritional profile differentiated the genotypes from two countries into separate groups. However, some of the varieties were closely associated and indicated the success of global wheat exchange programs. While most of the correlations were in agreement with the previous studies, non-association of zinc with grain protein content directed towards its control by some other genetic factors. Some of the experimental wheat varieties with promising nutrient content have been suggested for future wheat advancement programs. Results obtained will be supportive for breeders involved in wheat biofortification programs, food industries and people relying on whole grain wheat products.BAP office of Selcuk University, Konya-TurkeyPublisher's Versio