The Effects of Monochromatic Lighting on Hatch Window and Hatching Performance in Broiler Breeder Eggs

In this study, the effects of monochromatic lighting on egg weight loss, embryonic mortality, hatch window and hatching performance were investigated. The number of eggs used in the experiment was a total of 780 (Ross-308 genotype). Eggs were randomly assigned to 3 groups. 1) Control group%253A Eggs were incubated in dark, 2) Green light group%253A 560 nm (wavelength from 535 to 585 nm), 3) Red light group%253A 670 nm (wavelength from 640 to 690 nm). During the first 18 days of the incubation period, continuous illumination of 0.1-0.2 lx intensity was provided with LEDs placed on both sides of the trays. The light transmission was prevented by blank trays coated with greenhouse covering material which has 75%25 shading feature placed among experiment groups. In this way, light transmission to other trays and any possible hitches of air circulation was prevented. There was no difference between examined egg weights of the treatment groups in the experiment, but its found that significant difference in egg weight loss for both colours of light. Red light and control groups (15.00%25 and 11.92%25) show a similar embryonic mortality rate, while the green light group has a lower embryonic mortality rate (5.00%25) than these groups. The effects of monochromatic lighting on the hatching time were significant (Chi-squarelt%253B0.05). Although there was no significant difference between hatching performance parameters of the control and red light treatment groups in the experiment, the green light group had better hatching efficiency than the other groups. The findings of this research were carried out with two different light wavelengths are remarkable for showing that the significant effects of the monochromatic illumination on hatching results

Assessment of the Prevalence of Pulp Stones in a Sample of Turkish Central Anatolian Population

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pulp stones (PS) in a Turkish dental patient population with respect to sexes and dental localization in relation between sex and this anomaly. Materials Methods. A retrospective study was performed using bitewing radiographs of 814 patients ranging in age from 15 to 65. All data (age, sex, and location) was obtained from the files. These patients were analyzed for pulp stones. Descriptive characteristics of sexes, jaws, and dental localization were recorded. The Pearson chi-squared test was used. Results. Of the patients, 462 (56.8%) were female and 352 (43.2%) were male. Sixty (12%) had one or more teeth that contained pulp stones. Pulp stones were identified in 518 (63.6%) of the subjects and in 2391 (27.8%) of the teeth examined. Pulp stone occurrence was significantly more common in the females than in males. With the increasing of age, the prevalence of pulp stones increased. Molars had statistically more pulp stones than premolars. Pulp stones were significantly more common in the maxilla compared with mandible. Conclusion. Prevalence of pulp stones in Turkish population was 27.8% but further larger-scale studies are required to assess its prevalence in the general population to compare it with other ethnic groups

The Effects of In Ovo Injection of Propolis Extract to Breeder Eggs on Hatchability and Early Performance in Broilers

This research was conducted to determine the effects of in ovo injection of propolis extract into the amnion to breeder eggs on hatchability and early performance in broilers. For this purpose, a total of 250 Ross 308 broiler breeder hatching eggs were obtained from a commercial hatchery. Eggs were divided into four groups randomly, isotonic serum sodium (0.9%25) was injected at the level of 0.2 ml into the first group and there were used as positive control (PC) group, whereas there was no treatment on negative control (NC) group. Where the amount of 0.2 ml prepared mixture which is included %253 propolis extract were injected into low propolis (LP) group, 0.2 ml prepared mixture which is included %256 propolis extract were given into the high propolis group (HP). In ovo propolis extract injection resulted in a shorter hatching time compared with the control groups. The hatchability, hatching weight and survival of newly hatched chicks were not affected by in ovo injection of propolis extract according to our results. There were no differences between the control and treatmet groups in hatchability and embryonic mortality. The results indicated that except for the PC group chicks weights were similar at hatching day, but the later stage weights of chicks were started to significantly differ from each other and propolis groups have shown higher live weights than the controls at 5th and 10th day (Plt%253B0.05). All treatment groups exhibited greater weight gain from hatch to 10 d compared to the control groups. The results indicate that in ovo feeding of broiler embryos with propolis extract may have beneficial effects on day old chick weights and early growth rate

Effect of Preoperative Mastoid Ventilation on Tympanoplasty Success

Purpose. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between mastoid air cell volumes and graft success after tympanoplasty. Material and Methods. This study was performed retrospectively with patients undergoing type I tympanoplasty and antrostomy. A total of 57 patients (20–35.09% female and 37–64.91% male) with a mean age of 29.69±SD (range 12–56 years) were included in the study. The patients were invited for a control at the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months, and otoscopic examinations and audiometric tests were performed. The temporal bone computed tomography images were screened with the 4800 Dpi optic resolution scanner and transferred to the computer environment in JPG format in order to calculate the mastoid air cell volume, and the volumes were calculated using the Autocad 2007 program. Results. Although, the graft success was determined to be better in the well-ventilated group, no significant difference could be found between the groups in terms of graft success at the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months (P>0.05). No statistically significant difference could be found between the three groups in terms of the preoperative and postoperative hearing gains (P>0.05)

Effects of incubation lighting with green or white light on brown layers: hatching performance, feather pecking and hypothalamic expressions of genes related with photoreception, serotonin, and stress systems

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 16L:8D photoperiod with green (GREEN) or white (WHITE) lights during incubation on hatching performance, blood melatonin, corticosterone, and serotonin levels, hypothalamic expressions of genes related to photoreception, serotonin, and stress systems in layers in relation with feather pecking behavior. Dark incubation (DARK) was the control. Eggs (n = 1,176) from Brown Nick breeders in 2 batches (n = 588/batch) were incubated in the experiment. A total of 396 female chicks and 261 hens were used at rearing and laying periods until 40 wk. Incubation lighting did not affect hatchability, day-old chick weight, and length, but resulted in a more synchronized hatch as compared with the DARK. The effect of incubation lighting on blood hormones was not significant except for reduced serotonin in the GREEN group at the end of the experiment. There was no effect of incubation lighting on gentle, severe, and aggressive pecking of birds during the early rearing period. From 16 wk, GREEN hens showed increased gentle pecking with increasing age. WHITE hens had the highest gentle pecking frequency at 16 wk while they performed less gentle but higher severe and aggressive pecks at 24 and 32 wk. At hatching, the hypothalamic expression of CRH, 5-HTR1A, and 5-HTR1B was higher for the WHITE group compared with both GREEN and DARK, however, 5-HTT expression was higher in GREEN than WHITE which was similar to DARK. Except for the highest VA opsin expression obtained for WHITE hens at 40 wk of age, there was no change in hypothalamic expression levels of rhodopsin, VA opsin, red, and green opsins at any age. Although blood hormone levels were not consistent, results provide preliminary evidence that incubation lighting modulates the pecking tendencies of laying hens, probably through the observed changes in hypothalamic expression of genes related to the serotonin system and stress. Significant correlations among the hypothalamic gene expression levels supplied further evidence for the associations among photoreception, serotonin, and stress systems

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Endüstriyel bir robot için çift görüş sistemi geliştirilmesi.

The aim of this thesis is to develop a stereo vision system to locate and classify objects moving on a conveyor belt. The vision system determines the locations of the objects with respect to a world coordinate system and class of the objects. In order to estimate the locations of the objects, two cameras placed at different locations are used. Image processing algorithms are employed to extract some features of the objects. These features are fed to stereo matching and classifier algorithms. The results of stereo matching algorithm are combined with the calibration parameters of the cameras to determine the object locations. Pattern classification techniques (Bayes and Nearest Neighbor classifiers) are used to classify the objects. The linear velocity of the objects is determined by using an encoder mounted to the shaft of the motor driving the conveyor belt. A robot can plan a sequence of motion to pick the object from the conveyor belt by using the output of the proposed system.M.S. - Master of Scienc