290 research outputs found
A Modeling approach for analysis and improvement of spindle-holder-tool assembly dynamics
The most important information required for chatter stability analysis is the dynamics of the involved structures, i.e. the frequency response functions (FRFs) which are usually determined experimentally. In this study, the tool point FRF of a spindle-holder-tool assembly is analytically determined by using the receptance coupling and structural modification techniques. Timoshenko’s beam model is used for increased accuracy. The spindle is also modeled analytically with elastic supports representing the bearings. The mathematical model is used to determine the effects of different parameters on the tool point FRF and to identify contact dynamics from experimental measurements. The applications of the model are demonstrated and the predictions are verified experimentally
Hydration kinetics and products of MgO-activated blast furnace slag
Hydration kinetics and products of MgO-activated slag are investigated by employing multiple analytical characterization techniques and thermodynamic modelling. The main hydration products of this cement are a calcium-aluminosilicate hydrate type gel, ettringite, monosulfate, hydrotalcite, brucite, and a third aluminate hydrate, while the extent of reaction and formation of reaction products significantly varied by MgO dosages. Higher dosage of MgO increased the degree of reaction of slag, and led to a higher population of Al in the octahedral region, which can be attributed to greater competition for Al required for the formation of hydrotalcite. The experimental and simulated volume of the solid binder increased as the MgO dosage increased, showing a good correlation with the strength increase of the samples with higher MgO dosage
A first-principles study of oxygen vacancy pinning of domain walls in PbTiO3
We have investigated the interaction of oxygen vacancies and 180-degree
domain walls in tetragonal PbTiO3 using density-functional theory. Our
calculations indicate that the vacancies do have a lower formation energy in
the domain wall than in the bulk, thereby confirming the tendency of these
defects to migrate to, and pin, the domain walls. The pinning energies are
reported for each of the three possible orientations of the original Ti-O-Ti
bonds, and attempts to model the results with simple continuum models are
discussed.Comment: 8 pages, with 3 postscript figures embedded. Uses REVTEX and epsf
macros. Also available at
http://www.physics.rutgers.edu/~dhv/preprints/lh_dw/index.htm
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in the standard model with two Higgs doublets
The muon anomalous magnetic moment is investigated in the standard model with
two Higgs doublets (S2HDM) motivated from spontaneous CP violation. Thus all
the effective Yukawa couplings become complex. As a consequence of the non-zero
phase in the couplings, the one loop contribution from the neutral scalar
bosons could be positive and negative relying on the CP phases. The
interference between one and two loop diagrams can be constructive in a large
parameter space of CP-phases. This will result in a significant contribution to
muon anomalous magnetic moment even in the flavor conserving process with a
heavy neutral scalar boson ( 200 GeV) once the effective muon Yukawa
coupling is large (). In general, the one loop contributions
from lepton flavor changing scalar interactions become more important. In
particular, when all contributions are positive in a reasonable parameter space
of CP phases, the recently reported 2.6 sigma experiment vs. theory deviation
can be easily explained even for a heavy scalar boson with a relative small
Yukawa coupling in the S2HDM.Comment: 8 pages, RevTex file, 5 figures, published version Phys. Rev. D 54
(2001) 11501
Search for TeV Scale Physics in Heavy Flavour Decays
The subject of heavy flavour decays as probes for physics beyond the TeV
scale is covered from the experimental perspective. Emphasis is placed on the
more traditional Beyond the Standard Model topics that have potential for
impact in the short term, with the physics explained. We do unabashedly promote
our own phemonenology work.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures (now fixed); Submitted for the SUSY07 proceeding
Search for CP Violation in D^0--> K_S^0 pi^+pi^-
We report on a search for CP violation in the decay of D0 and D0B to Kshort
pi+pi-. The data come from an integrated luminosity of 9.0 1/fb of e+e-
collisions at sqrt(s) ~ 10 GeV recorded with the CLEO II.V detector. The
resonance substructure of this decay is well described by ten quasi-two-body
decay channels (K*-pi+, K*0(1430)-pi+, K*2(1430)-pi+, K*(1680)-pi+, Kshort rho,
Kshort omega, Kshort f0(980), Kshort f2(1270), Kshort f0(1370), and the ``wrong
sign'' K*+ pi-) plus a small non-resonant component. We observe no evidence for
CP violation in the amplitudes and phases that describe the decay D0 to K_S^0
pi+pi-.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, also available at
http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/, submitted to PR
The effect of vent size and congestion in large-scale vented natural gas/air explosions
A typical building consists of a number of rooms; often with windows of different size and failure pressure and obstructions in the form of furniture and décor, separated by partition walls with interconnecting doorways. Consequently, the maximum pressure developed in a gas explosion would be dependent upon the individual characteristics of the building. In this research, a large-scale experimental programme has been undertaken at the DNV GL Spadeadam Test Site to determine the effects of vent size and congestion on vented gas explosions. Thirty-eight stoichiometric natural gas/air explosions were carried out in a 182 m3 explosion chamber of L/D = 2 and KA = 1, 2, 4 and 9. Congestion was varied by placing a number of 180 mm diameter polyethylene pipes within the explosion chamber, providing a volume congestion between 0 and 5% and cross-sectional area blockages ranging between 0 and 40%. The series of tests produced peak explosion overpressures of between 70 mbar and 3.7 bar with corresponding maximum flame speeds in the range 35 - 395 m/s at a distance of 7 m from the ignition point. The experiments demonstrated that it is possible to generate overpressures greater than 200 mbar with volume blockages of as little as 0.57%, if there is not sufficient outflow through the inadvertent venting process. The size and failure pressure of potential vent openings, and the degree of congestion within a building, are key factors in whether or not a building will sustain structural damage following a gas explosion. Given that the average volume blockage in a room in a UK inhabited building is in the order of 17%, it is clear that without the use of large windows of low failure pressure, buildings will continue to be susceptible to significant structural damage during an accidental gas explosion
The influence of T cell development on pathogen specificity and autoreactivity
T cells orchestrate adaptive immune responses upon activation. T cell
activation requires sufficiently strong binding of T cell receptors on their
surface to short peptides derived from foreign proteins bound to protein
products of the major histocompatibility (MHC) gene products, which are
displayed on the surface of antigen presenting cells. T cells can also interact
with peptide-MHC complexes, where the peptide is derived from host (self)
proteins. A diverse repertoire of relatively self-tolerant T cell receptors is
selected in the thymus. We study a model, computationally and analytically, to
describe how thymic selection shapes the repertoire of T cell receptors, such
that T cell receptor recognition of pathogenic peptides is both specific and
degenerate. We also discuss the escape probability of autoimmune T cells from
the thymus.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
Study of the B^0 Semileptonic Decay Spectrum at the Upsilon(4S) Resonance
We have made a first measurement of the lepton momentum spectrum in a sample
of events enriched in neutral B's through a partial reconstruction of B0 -->
D*- l+ nu. This spectrum, measured with 2.38 fb**-1 of data collected at the
Upsilon(4S) resonance by the CLEO II detector, is compared directly to the
inclusive lepton spectrum from all Upsilon(4S) events in the same data set.
These two spectra are consistent with having the same shape above 1.5 GeV/c.
From the two spectra and two other CLEO measurements, we obtain the B0 and B+
semileptonic branching fractions, b0 and b+, their ratio, and the production
ratio f+-/f00 of B+ and B0 pairs at the Upsilon(4S). We report b+/b0=0.950
(+0.117-0.080) +- 0.091, b0 = (10.78 +- 0.60 +- 0.69)%, and b+ = (10.25 +- 0.57
+- 0.65)%. b+/b0 is equivalent to the ratio of charged to neutral B lifetimes,
tau+/tau0.Comment: 14 page, postscript file also available at
http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN
Observation of the Charmed Baryon Decays to , , and
We have observed two new decay modes of the charmed baryon into
and using data collected with the
CLEO II detector. We also present the first measurement of the branching
fraction for the previously observed decay mode . The branching fractions for these three modes relative to
are measured to be , , and , respectively.Comment: 12 page uuencoded postscript file, postscript file also available
through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN
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