Conditions and Limitations in Deeds and Wills

Presented for the Degree of Bachelor of Laws

Postcard: A.H.T.A. Parade, Peabody, Kansas

This black and white photographic postcard features a parade on the main street at Peabody, Kansas. Buildings are on the left with people lining the sidewalks. A girl on a horse, a man in a wagon and two boys on bicycles are in the foreground of the parade. Written text is at the bottom of the card. Handwriting is on the back of the card.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/tj_postcards/2240/thumbnail.jp

Postcard: A.H.T.A. Day Peabody Park

This black and white photographic postcard features people lining up for a parade along the Peabody Park. Trees line the right side of the road. A crowd stands along the edge of the road. People sit and stand on the left side of the road. Everyone is looking towards the background. Written text is at the bottom of the card. Handwriting is on the back of the card.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/tj_postcards/2239/thumbnail.jp

Water as a Limiting Factor in the Growth of Sweet Clover (M. Alba)

Summary1. Sweet clover (white) will apparently live in the loam soils employed in the present trial with as little moisture as 9 percent of the dry weight of the soil in which it grows. On the clay soil employed in this series sweet clover appeared to cease growth when the percentage of water on the basis of the dry soil approached 11 percent as a minimum. It is thus indicated that even under conditions otherwise identical variations in soil type may produce some variation in the amounts of water necessary for growth of sweet clover. The observation that soil type, regardless of other conditions may furnish a factor influencing water requirement is in substantial agreement with other investigators. Pages 259, 261, 272, 273.2. When the factor of soil type was equalized, it was observed that as the percentage content of moisture in soil was increased, the total amount of water utilized by the plants increased. With increase of moisture content by degrees, in soil from 9 percent, to a maximum of 32 percent, the total water used increased regularly from 6.6 kilos to 79 kilos. Thus in general, sweet clover plants can make some growth with very limited moisture, but if water is available to them they can adapt themselves to use it. Pages 261, 273.3. It is also apparent that the average production of dry matter per plant increases with the total amount of water utilized. Page 261.4. One chief factor in the increase of dry matter of sweet clover produced with the increase of available water was the increase in height of main stems; the extreme height of plant (main stem) was found to increase, with the increase of water available, up to 22 percent of the dry weight of soil. When the percentage of available water was still further increased the corresponding increase in dry matter apparently was produced not by increase in extreme height but by increase in number of stems and branches. Such was the means by which sweet clover plants adapted their manner of growth to the increases in water. Page 273.5. Also in regard to the manner of growth of sweet clover plants as affected by increases in amount of water; it appeared that the average weight of the leaves of plants increased, and that the mean area per leaf increased with increase in the amount of moisture available. This statement is based on measurements made in 1918. Pages 273, 275. 6. It appeared that the average actual water requirement (as indicated by the ratio of grams water used to grams of air-dry tops produced) increased with an increase in the amount of the water available, up to 18 percent of the weight of soil, possibly beyond. In short sweet clover will not only utilize more total water within limits when it becomes available, but also will utilize more water per gram of dry matter up to a maximum. Pages 272, 273.7. The present researches indicate that as an average on all soils the water requirement for sweet clover varies according to the percentage of water available, from 675 to 789. Page 275.8. These figures for water requirement as determined agree substantially with those furnished by Briggs and Shantz, for conditions at Akron, Colorado, they having secured a water requirement of 770. Page 294.9. Sweet clover may be said to have an average water equirement, as compared to plants listed in general; tumble weed with 277 and millet with 310 are among the lowest and brome grass, with 1016, highest in respect to water requirement. Page 294. 10. Previous to beginning the present researches, South Dakota Experiment Station published Bulletin 151, Trials with Sweet Clover as a Field Crop, which indeed may have been the earliest bulletin published giving results with growing, harvesting and feeding the plant in question as a harvested crop. At the beginning of the present researches it was intended to get quantitative information about the capacity of the sweet clover plant to adapt itself to a wide range of cropping conditions. It becomes more apparent that sweet clover possesses that range of adaptability. In spite of some limitations as a crop-plant it may well increase in importance as a farm crop, in South Dakota and throughout the world

The Partnership for Rural Improvement: An Approach to Inter-Institutional Outreach

Rural educators point to the need for increased inter-institutional collaboration - partly in response to scarce resources but also in response to the complex problems faced in many rural areas. This article examines some of the experience gleaned from ten years\u27 work in interinstitutional collaboration directed by the Partnership for Rural Improvement

Over-the-Counter Market Quotations

Chapter VII of the Report of Special Study of Securities Markets of the Securities and Exchange Commission focused attention upon the little understood and often perplexing problems presented by the quotations for over-the-counter stocks which appear regularly in the newspapers-the so-called retail quotations system. The Report was quite critical of the existing retail quotations system, concluding that it was inconsistent with the general philosophy of full disclosure elsewhere applied in the administration of the federal securities laws and, in fact, operated to conceal what elsewhere in the securities business is considered essential to be disclosed. While there does not appear to be unanimity in the securities industry with respect to the efficacy of the system, it is vigorously defended by its supporters as important, if not essential, to the business survival of smaller over-the-counter dealers and to the liquidity of the markets in many securities. It seems clear, therefore, that the problem warrants the attention which it will undoubtedly receive, both from the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) and from the Securities and Exchange Commission

The Underestimation Of Egocentric Distance: Evidence From Frontal Matching Tasks

There is controversy over the existence, nature, and cause of error in egocentric distance judgments. One proposal is that the systematic biases often found in explicit judgments of egocentric distance along the ground may be related to recently observed biases in the perceived declination of gaze (Durgin & Li, Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, in press), To measure perceived egocentric distance nonverbally, observers in a field were asked to position themselves so that their distance from one of two experimenters was equal to the frontal distance between the experimenters. Observers placed themselves too far away, consistent with egocentric distance underestimation. A similar experiment was conducted with vertical frontal extents. Both experiments were replicated in panoramic virtual reality. Perceived egocentric distance was quantitatively consistent with angular bias in perceived gaze declination (1.5 gain). Finally, an exocentric distance-matching task was contrasted with a variant of the egocentric matching task. The egocentric matching data approximate a constant compression of perceived egocentric distance with a power function exponent of nearly 1; exocentric matches had an exponent of about 0.67. The divergent pattern between egocentric and exocentric matches suggests that they depend on different visual cues

What is appropriate fetal surveillance for women with diet-controlled gestational diabetes?

No evidence clearly supports the practice of increased fetal surveillance in the pregnancies of women with well-controlled (ie, fasting blood sugar <105 mg/dL) class A1 gestational diabetes (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, consistent retrospective cohort studies). However, a number of guidelines recommend beginning surveillance of some kind between 32 and 40 weeks based on cumulative risk factors, including gestational diabetes (SOR: C, expert opinion)

Metabolism of gemmules from the freshwater sponge Eunapius fragilis during diapause and post-diapause states

Post-diapause gemmules of the freshwater sponge Eunapius fragilis remained quiescent when maintained at 5°C. Germination occurred within 48 to 72 h following warming to 20°-23°C, culminating with the emergence of a new sponge from the collagenous capsule. Both heat dissipation and oxygen consumption climbed steadily during germination and eventually reached 600% of the starting values. By comparison, energy flow was much lower over the same period of time in diapausing gemmules, clearly demonstrating metabolic depression during diapause. The calorimetric:respirometric (CR) ratio increased significantly from -354 kJ/mol O2 to -541 kJ/mol O2 between hours 3.5 and 56.5 of germination, with an average value across this period of about -495 kJ/mol O2. The low CR ratio at hour 12.5 (-374 ± 21; ± 1 SE, n = 3) was statistically below the oxycaloric equivalent, which suggests that gemmules may have experienced hypoxia during the more than 3 months of storage at 5°C prior to experiments. The increase in metabolism during germination could be blocked by perfusing the gemmules with nitrogen- saturated medium (nominally oxygen free). Developing gemmules were able to survive oxygen limitation for several hours at least; during that time energy flow was depressed to 6% of normoxic values. During germination, the range of values was 3.5 to 4.0 nmol/mg protein for ATP, 0.2 to 0.4 nmol/mg protein for ADP, and 0.5 to 0.8 nmol/mg protein for AMP. Because ATP was high even before gemmules were warmed to room temperature, it is unlikely that levels were severely compromised during the diapause condition

Latitudinal variation of freeze tolerance in intertidal marine snails of the genus melampus (Gastropoda: Ellobiidae)

Low temperatures limit the poleward distribution of many species such that the expansion of geographic range can only be accomplished via evolutionary innovation. We have tested for physiological differences among closely related species to determine whether their poleward latitudinal ranges are limited by tolerance to cold. We measured lower temperature tolerance (LT50) among a group of intertidal pulmonate snails from six congeneric species and nine locales. Differences in tolerance are placed in the context of a molecular phylogeny based on one mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) and two nuclear (histone 3 and a mitochondrial phosphate carrier protein) markers. Temperate species from two separate lineages had significantly lower measures of LT50 than related tropical species. Range differences within the temperate zone, however, were not explained by LT50. These results show that multiple adaptations to cold and freezing may have enabled range expansions out of the tropics in Melampus. However, northern range limits within temperate species are not governed by cold tolerance alone. © 2014 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved