868 research outputs found
"Vaimolla ei ole oikeutta miehen omistamiin moottoriajoneuvoihin ja nautaelÀimiin" empiirinen tutkimus avioehtosopimusten muotovaatimuksista, rekisteröinnista ja sopimusosapuolista
COMIT: identification of noncoding motifs under selection in coding sequences
COMIT is presented; an algorithm for detecting functional non-coding motifs in coding regions, separating nucleotide and amino acid effects
Periodontitis may predict the use of prescription medicines later in life, a database study
Medications used for the treatment of diseases also affect oral health. We investigated how having/not having periodontitis at baseline in 1985 was associated with purchases of medicines in the long term. The study paradigm is in the oral health-systemic health connections. We hypothesized that periodontitis links to purchases of medicines later in life. The study cohort consisted of 3,276 individuals from the greater Stockholm area, Sweden. Of them, 1,655 were clinically examined at baseline. Patients were followed-up for >35 years, using the national population and patient registers. The burden of systemic diseases and purchases of medicines were statistically analyzed comparing patients with (n = 285) and without (n = 1,370) periodontitis. The results showed that patients with periodontitis had purchased more of certain medications than non-periodontitis patients. Periodontitis patients purchased significantly more drugs used in diabetes (p = 0.035), calcium channel blockers (p = 0.016), drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system (p = 0.024), and nervous system drugs (p = 0.001). Hence, patients with periodontitis indeed had purchased specific medications statistically significantly more than the periodontally healthy ones. This indicates that periodontitis, over time, might increase the risk for systemic diseases with the subsequent need for medication.Peer reviewe
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Effect of Inhaled Xenon on Cerebral White Matter Damage in Comatose Survivors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial
IMPORTANCE: Evidence from preclinical models indicates that xenon gas can prevent the development of cerebral damage after acute global hypoxic-ischemic brain injury but, thus far, these putative neuroprotective properties have not been reported in human studies. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of inhaled xenon on ischemic white matter damage assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A randomized single-blind phase 2 clinical drug trial conducted between August 2009 and March 2015 at 2 multipurpose intensive care units in Finland. One hundred ten comatose patients (aged 24-76 years) who had experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were randomized. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to receive either inhaled xenon combined with hypothermia (33°C) for 24 hours (nâ=â55 in the xenon group) or hypothermia treatment alone (nâ=â55 in the control group). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary end point was cerebral white matter damage as evaluated by fractional anisotropy from diffusion tensor MRI scheduled to be performed between 36 and 52 hours after cardiac arrest. Secondary end points included neurological outcome assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (score 0 [no symptoms] through 6 [death]) and mortality at 6 months. RESULTS: Among the 110 randomized patients (mean age, 61.5 years; 80 men [72.7%]), all completed the study. There were MRI data from 97 patients (88.2%) a median of 53 hours (interquartile range [IQR], 47-64 hours) after cardiac arrest. The mean global fractional anisotropy values were 0.433 (SD, 0.028) in the xenon group and 0.419 (SD, 0.033) in the control group. The age-, sex-, and site-adjusted mean global fractional anisotropy value was 3.8% higher (95% CI, 1.1%-6.4%) in the xenon group (adjusted mean difference, 0.016 [95% CI, 0.005-0.027], Pâ=â.006). At 6 months, 75 patients (68.2%) were alive. Secondary end points at 6 months did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups. In ordinal analysis of the modified Rankin Scale, the median (IQR) value was 1 (1-6) in the xenon group and 1 (0-6) in the control group (median difference, 0 [95% CI, 0-0]; Pâ=â.68). The 6-month mortality rate was 27.3% (15/55) in the xenon group and 34.5% (19/55) in the control group (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.23-1.01]; Pâ=â.053). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, inhaled xenon combined with hypothermia compared with hypothermia alone resulted in less white matter damage as measured by fractional anisotropy of diffusion tensor MRI. However, there was no statistically significant difference in neurological outcomes or mortality at 6 months. These preliminary findings require further evaluation in an adequately powered clinical trial designed to assess clinical outcomes associated with inhaled xenon among survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00879892
Crystalline cyclophane-protein cage frameworks
open10siCyclophanes are macrocyclic supramolecular hosts famous for their ability to bind atomic or molecular guests via noncovalent interactions within their well-defined cavities. In a similar way, porous crystalline networks, such as metal organic frameworks, can create microenvironments that enable controlled guest binding in the solid state. Both types of materials often consist of synthetic components, and they have been developed within separate research fields. Moreover, the use of biomolecules as their structural units has remained elusive. Here, we have synthesized a library of organic cyclophanes and studied their electrostatic self-assembly with biological metal-binding protein cages (ferritins) into ordered structures. We show that cationic pillar[S]arenes and ferritin cages form biohybrid cocrystals with an open protein network structure. Our cyclophane-protein cage frameworks bridge the gap between molecular frameworks and colloidal nanoparticle crystals and combine the versatility of synthetic supramolecular hosts with the highly selective recognition properties of biomolecules. Such host-guest materials are interesting for porous material applications, including water remediation and heterogeneous catalysis.openBeyeh N.K.; Nonappa; Liljestrom V.; Mikkila J.; Korpi A.; Bochicchio D.; Pavan G.M.; Ikkala O.; Ras R.H.A.; Kostiainen M.A.Beyeh, N. K.; Nonappa, ; Liljestrom, V.; Mikkila, J.; Korpi, A.; Bochicchio, D.; Pavan, G. M.; Ikkala, O.; Ras, R. H. A.; Kostiainen, M. A
Supersonic turbulence and structure of interstellar molecular clouds
The interstellar medium (ISM) provides a unique laboratory for highly
supersonic, driven hydrodynamics turbulence. We present a theory of such
turbulence, confirm it by numerical simulations, and use the results to explain
observational properties of interstellar molecular clouds, the regions where
stars are born.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures include
Pleiotropic functions of the tumor- and metastasis-suppressing Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 in mammary cancer in MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice
Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8; neutrophil collagenase) is an important regulator of innate immunity which has onco-suppressive actions in numerous tumor types
Simulations of galactic dynamos
We review our current understanding of galactic dynamo theory, paying
particular attention to numerical simulations both of the mean-field equations
and the original three-dimensional equations relevant to describing the
magnetic field evolution for a turbulent flow. We emphasize the theoretical
difficulties in explaining non-axisymmetric magnetic fields in galaxies and
discuss the observational basis for such results in terms of rotation measure
analysis. Next, we discuss nonlinear theory, the role of magnetic helicity
conservation and magnetic helicity fluxes. This leads to the possibility that
galactic magnetic fields may be bi-helical, with opposite signs of helicity and
large and small length scales. We discuss their observational signatures and
close by discussing the possibilities of explaining the origin of primordial
magnetic fields.Comment: 28 pages, 15 figure, to appear in Lecture Notes in Physics "Magnetic
fields in diffuse media", Eds. E. de Gouveia Dal Pino and A. Lazaria
Family and gender values in contemporary Europe: The attitudinal gender gap from a cross-national perspective
Drawing on data from the International Social Survey Programme 2002 survey
âFamily and changing gender rolesâ, this article looks at the diversity in attitudes
towards gender relations and family values in contemporary Europe from a gender
perspective. Rather than the idea of a one-dimensional move from tradition to modernity
that would gradually erase the attitudinal gender gap, the findings corroborate
that gender differentiation plays a key role in attitudinal patterns. Furthermore,
the attitudinal gender gap is path-specific and varies according to country-specific
societal modernisation. Hence, I examine differences in the statements of men and
women to portray attitudinal gender gaps on the national level. I follow the idea that
wide gender gaps are associated either with womenâs financial autonomy or with
greater societal equality in education and political participation, since they allow for
greater female awareness of masculine domination. I also argue that family deinstitutionalisation
also correlates with greater attitudinal gender gaps
Interactions Between Policy Effects, Population Characteristics and the Tax-Benefit System: An Illustration Using Child Poverty and Child Related Policies in Romania and the Czech Republic
We investigate the impact of the Romanian and Czech family policy systems on the poverty risk of families with children. We focus on separating out the effects of policy design itself and size of benefits from the interaction between policies and population characteristics. We find that interactions between population characteristics, the wider tax benefit system and child related policies are pervasive and large. Both population characteristics and the wider tax-benefit environment can dramatically alter the antipoverty effect of a given set of policies
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