2,844 research outputs found
Enhanced Parallel Generation of Tree Structures for the Recognition of 3D Images
Segmentations of a digital object based on a connectivity
criterion at n-xel or sub-n-xel level are useful tools in image topological
analysis and recognition. Working with cell complex analogous of digital
objects, an example of this kind of segmentation is that obtained from
the combinatorial representation so called Homological Spanning Forest
(HSF, for short) which, informally, classifies the cells of the complex as
belonging to regions containing the maximal number of cells sharing the
same homological (algebraic homology with coefficient in a field) information.
We design here a parallel method for computing a HSF (using
homology with coefficients in Z/2Z) of a 3D digital object. If this object
is included in a 3D image of m1 × m2 × m3 voxels, its theoretical time
complexity order is near O(log(m1 + m2 + m3)), under the assumption
that a processing element is available for each voxel. A prototype implementation
validating our results has been written and several synthetic,
random and medical tridimensional images have been used for testing.
The experiments allow us to assert that the number of iterations in which
the homological information is found varies only to a small extent from
the theoretical computational time.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad MTM2016-81030-
A dark energy multiverse
We present cosmic solutions corresponding to universes filled with dark and
phantom energy, all having a negative cosmological constant. All such solutions
contain infinite singularities, successively and equally distributed along
time, which can be either big bang/crunchs or big rips singularities.
Classicaly these solutions can be regarded as associated with multiverse
scenarios, being those corresponding to phantom energy that may describe the
current accelerating universe
Gating-induced large aqueous volumetric remodeling and aspartate tolerance in the voltage sensor domain of Shaker K+ channels
Indexación: Scopus.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. We thank Chris Lingle and Yu Zhou (Washington University) for critical reading of the manuscript and Victoria Prado for Xenopus care and oocyte preparation. We also thank Millennium Scientific Initiative P029-022-F. This work was supported by Fondecyt Postdoctoral Grants 3170599 (to I.D.-F.) and 3160321 (to H.M.).Neurons encode electrical signals with critically tuned voltage-gated ion channels and enzymes. Dedicated voltage sensor domains (VSDs) in these membrane proteins activate coordinately with an unresolved structural change. Such change conveys the transmembrane translocation of four positively charged arginine side chains, the voltage-sensing residues (VSRs; R1–R4). Countercharges and lipid phosphohead groups likely stabilize these VSRs within the low-dielectric core of the protein. However, the role of hydration, a sign-independent charge stabilizer, remains unclear. We replaced all VSRs and their neighboring residues with negatively charged aspartates in a voltage-gated potassium channel. The ensuing mild functional effects indicate that hydration is also important in VSR stabilization. The voltage dependency of the VSR aspartate variants approached the expected arithmetic summation of charges at VSR positions, as if negative and positive side chains faced similar pathways. In contrast, aspartates introduced between R2 and R3 did not affect voltage dependence as if the side chains moved outside the electric field or together with it, undergoing a large displacement and volumetric remodeling. Accordingly, VSR performed osmotic work at both internal and external aqueous interfaces. Individual VSR contributions to volumetric works approached arithmetical additivity but were largely dissimilar. While R1 and R4 displaced small volumes, R2 and R3 volumetric works were massive and vectorially opposed, favoring large aqueous remodeling during VSD activation. These diverse volumetric works are, at least for R2 and R3, not compatible with VSR translocation across a unique stationary charge transfer center. Instead, VSRs may follow separated pathways across a fluctuating low-dielectric septum. © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.https://www.pnas.org/content/115/32/820
A graceful multiversal link of particle physics to cosmology
In this paper we work out a multiverse scenario whose physical
characteristics enable us to advance the following the conjecture that whereas
the physics of particles and fields is confined to live in the realm of the
whole multiverse formed by finite-time single universes, that for our
observable universe must be confined just in one of the infinite number of
universes of the multiverse when such a universe is consistently referred to an
infinite cosmic time. If this conjecture is adopted then some current
fundamental problems that appear when one tries to make compatible particle
physics and cosmology- such as that for the cosmological constant, the arrow of
time and the existence of a finite proper size of the event horizon- can be
solved.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe
The Big Trip and Wheeler-DeWitt equation
Of all the possible ways to describe the behavior of the universe that has
undergone a big trip the Wheeler-DeWitt equation should be the most accurate --
provided, of course, that we employ the correct formulation. In this article we
start by discussing the standard formulation introduced by Gonz\'alez-D\'iaz
and Jimenez-Madrid, and show that it allows for a simple yet efficient method
of the solution's generation, which is based on the Moutard transformation.
Next, by shedding the unnecessary restrictions, imposed on aforementioned
standard formulation we introduce a more general form of the Wheeler-DeWitt
equation. One immediate prediction of this new formula is that for the universe
the probability to emerge right after the big trip in a state with will
be maximal if and only if .Comment: accepted in Astrophysics and Space Scienc
Accretion and photodesorption of CO ice as a function of the incident angle of deposition
Non-thermal desorption of inter- and circum-stellar ice mantles on dust
grains, in particular ultraviolet photon-induced desorption, has gained
importance in recent years. These processes may account for the observed gas
phase abundances of molecules like CO toward cold interstellar clouds. Ice
mantle growth results from gas molecules impinging on the dust from all
directions and incidence angles. Nevertheless, the effect of the incident angle
for deposition on ice photo-desorption rate has not been studied. This work
explores the impact on the accretion and photodesorption rates of the incidence
angle of CO gas molecules with the cold surface during deposition of a CO ice
layer. Infrared spectroscopy monitored CO ice upon deposition at different
angles, ultraviolet-irradiation, and subsequent warm-up. Vacuum-ultraviolet
spectroscopy and a Ni-mesh measured the emission of the ultraviolet lamp.
Molecules ejected from the ice to the gas during irradiation or warm-up were
characterized by a quadrupole mass spectrometer. The photodesorption rate of CO
ice deposited at 11 K and different incident angles was rather stable between 0
and 45. A maximum in the CO photodesorption rate appeared around
70-incidence deposition angle. The same deposition angle leads to the
maximum surface area of water ice. Although this study of the surface area
could not be performed for CO ice, the similar angle dependence in the
photodesorption and the ice surface area suggests that they are closely
related. Further evidence for a dependence of CO ice morphology on deposition
angle is provided by thermal desorption of CO ice experiments
Identificación precoz del riesgo post-operatorio en las prótesis totales de rodilla
El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la relación que mantienen diversos factores clínicos, quirúrgicos y hemostáticos analizados antes de la intervención quirúrgica, con la presencia de trombosis venosa (TV) post-operatoria, diagnosticada mediante unos parámetros preestablecidos. Se evaluaron 38 pacientes sometidos a prótesis total de rodilla (PTR). La edad media, fue de 66 años, y se administró profilaxix antitrombótica a todos los pacientes con Heparina (7000 u x 12 h.) y 200 mg de Aspirina. El protocolo establecido, incluyó cuatro periodos en los que se valoraron parámetros clínicos, bioquímicos y gradiente alveolo-arterial (AaD02). El AaD02 con valores de 0,6 y 0,7, resultó ser un excelente índice predictivo de riesgo.The objective of this study is to know the relation that different clinical, surgical and determined haemostatic factors maintain befote a surgical operation with the presence and charasteristics of the postoperative vein trombosis (VT). Thirty eight patients on which a Total Prosthesis of Knee was performed were evaluated. The average age was 66 years. Prophylatica anticoagulants were given in cases, using included four steps in where valued clinicals and biochemistries parameters and the arterial-alveole gradient (AaD02). The AaD02 with values of 0,6 and 0,7 resulted an excellent a predictive index of risk
Lattice dynamics of mixed semiconductors (Be,Zn)Se from first-principles calculations
Vibration properties of Zn(1-x)Be(x)Se, a mixed II-VI semiconductor
haracterized by a high contrast in elastic properties of its pure constituents,
ZnSe and BeSe, are simulated by first-principles calculations of electronic
structure, lattice relaxation and frozen phonons. The calculations within the
local density approximation has been done with the Siesta method, using
norm-conserving pseudopotentials and localized basis functions; the benchmark
calculations for pure endsystems were moreover done also by all-electron WIEN2k
code. An immediate motivation for the study was to analyze, at the microscopic
level, the appearance of anomalous phonon modes early detected in Raman spectra
in the intermediate region (20 to 80%) of ZnBe concentration. This was early
discussed on the basis of a percolation phenomenon, i.e., the result of the
formation of wall-to-wall --Be--Se-- chains throughout the crystal. The
presence of such chains was explicitly allowed in our simulation and indeed
brought about a softening and splitting off of particular modes, in accordance
with experimental observation, due to a relative elongation of Be--Se bonds
along the chain as compared to those involving isolated Be atoms. The variation
of force constants with interatomic distances shows common trends in relative
independence on the short-range order.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
Census of HII regions in NGC 6754 derived with MUSE: Constraints on the metal mixing scale
We present a study of the HII regions in the galaxy NGC 6754 from a two
pointing mosaic comprising 197,637 individual spectra, using Integral Field
Spectrocopy (IFS) recently acquired with the MUSE instrument during its Science
Verification program. The data cover the entire galaxy out to ~2 effective
radii (re ), sampling its morphological structures with unprecedented spatial
resolution for a wide-field IFU. A complete census of the H ii regions limited
by the atmospheric seeing conditions was derived, comprising 396 individual
ionized sources. This is one of the largest and most complete catalogue of H ii
regions with spectroscopic information in a single galaxy. We use this
catalogue to derive the radial abundance gradient in this SBb galaxy, finding a
negative gradient with a slope consistent with the characteristic value for
disk galaxies recently reported. The large number of H ii regions allow us to
estimate the typical mixing scale-length (rmix ~0.4 re ), which sets strong
constraints on the proposed mechanisms for metal mixing in disk galaxies, like
radial movements associated with bars and spiral arms, when comparing with
simulations. We found evidence for an azimuthal variation of the oxygen
abundance, that may be related with the radial migration. These results
illustrate the unique capabilities of MUSE for the study of the enrichment
mechanisms in Local Universe galaxies.Comment: 13 pages, 7 Figurs, accepted for publishing in A&
Microscopic transition potential: Determination of and coupling constants
A transition potential, based on an effective
quark-quark interaction and a constituent quark cluster model for baryons, is
derived in the Born-Oppenheimer approach. The potential shows significant
differences with respect to those obtained by a direct scaling of the
nucleon-nucleon interaction. From its asymptotic behavior we extract the values
of and coupling constants in a
particular coupling schemeComment: 15 eps figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
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