The Study of the Spatial Properties of Large Agricultural Land Holding

Bakalaureusetöö Geodeesia, maakorraldus ja kinnisvara planeerimine õppekavalPõllumajandustootmises on olulised näitajad maa ruumilised omadused. Läbi maa ruumiliste omaduste saab määratleda põllumaa efektiivse kasutamise. Põllumajanduslikku tootmist mõjutavad tegurid on asukoht, maatüki kuju, suurus ja juurdepääsetavus. Üheks peamiseks probleemiks, mille põllumajandustootjad välja toovad on maade killustatus. Käesoleva uurimustöö eesmärgiks on välja selgitada põllumajandustootja maakasutuse puudused ning nende mõju tootja rahulolule. Empiirilises osas on koostatud juhtumiuuringu meetodil, kus autor on uurinud ühte põllumajandus suurtooja maakasutust mõjutavaid puudusi. Uurimustöö tulemusena leiti põllumajandustootja kasutuses olevate katastriüksuste ja põllumassiivide arv. Lisaks sellele toodi välja tootja kasutuses olevad rendimaad ja koostati põllumassiivide järgi maakasutuse eksplikatsioon. Killustatuse hindamiseks arvutati Schmooki ja Januszewski koefitsendid. Maakasutuse puuduse kõrvaldamiseks tuleks läbi viia maakorralduslike töid.An important indicator in agricultural production is spatial properties. Through the lands spatial properties the parcels effective use can be more defined. Agricultural production is influenced by location, shape, size and the accessibility of the land. One of the main issues that the farmers point out is land fragmentation. The purpose of this research is to identify farmer imperfectness on the use of their land and the impact it has on the farmer satisfaction. The method used in the empirical part is case study, where the author has looked into the land use problems of one agricultural farmer. The results of the research show the number of cadastral units and land parcels used in agricultural production. In addition the land rented by the productors have been brought out explication of the use of the land was made according to the parcels. Januszewski and Schmook`s coefficient was used to evaluate the fragmentation of the land. Land management work should be carried out to reduce the lack of land us

Krooniliste reumatoloogiliste haigete sotsiaalne toimetulek

Artiklis on vaatluse alla võetud Eesti ühiskonna üks riskirühm – kroonilised reumatoloogilised haiged – ning analüüsitud nende terviseseisundit, ravi kättesaadavust, isikliku elu probleeme ja toimetulekut haiguse ning igapäevaeluga. Uurimuse aluseks on rahvastikuküsitluse “Eesti 2003” ja küsitluse “Kroonilised reumatoloogilised haiged 2006” materjalid. Rahvastiku küsitluses väitis 35%, et neil on mõni krooniline haigus, puue või vaevus. Eriti raskes olukorras on pikaajalise reumaatilise haigusega inimesed. Oma tervisega on neist rahul üksnes 29%. Peaaegu iga teine on viimase aasta jooksul puudunud haiguse tõttu töölt kuu ja veelgi pikemalt, vähenenud ka töö- ja õpivõime. Haiguse ravi piirab vastajate sõnutsi materiaalne olukord ja info vähesus haiguse olemuse, abivahendite saamise võimaluste, ravimite mõju, teenuste, toetuste, tervisliku toitumise, taastusravi jms kohta. Eesti Arst 2007; 86 (3): 162–17

The research of thermal characteristics of industrial insulation materials

Tänapäeval on erinevate soojusisolatsioonimaterjalide valik väga suur, mida kasutatakse hoonete soojustamiseks. Ehitustel võib esineda olukordi, kus head materjali kasutatakse vales kohas ja oodatud efekt hoone soojustamisest jääb saamata. Samuti on tänapäevased soojustusmaterjalid väga massiivsed, mistõttu võib mõnede hoonete soojustamine olla raskendatud, tihti ka võimatu. Hoonete soojustamine uute tööstuslike õhemate soojusisolatsioonimaterjalidega pakuks arhitektidele, projekteerijatele ja ehitajatele uusi võimalusi. Magistritöö eesmärgiks on kahe õhema ja kahe paksema tööstusliku soojusisolatsioonimaterjali soojustehniliste omaduste uurimine ja katsetamine, saadud tulemuste analüüsimine ja võrdlemine tootja poolt väljastatud andmetega. Katsetamiseks vajalikud materjalid saadi kahelt ehitusfirmalt, kes olid huvitatud antud toodete katsetulemustest. Katsed viidi läbi Eesti Maaülikooli ehitusfüüsika laboris ning Tartu linnas asuva korteriühistu Nisu 33/Kannikese 6 küttemagistraalil. Katsetamise tulemusena saadi uuritavate materjalide soojusvood ja temperatuurid. Mõõtmistulemusi kasutades arvutati soojusisolatsioonimaterjalide keskkoha soojuserijuhtivused, soojusjuhtivused ja soojustakistused. Tulemustest selgus, et kõige parem soojuserijuhtivus on soojusisolatsioonimaterjalil EPS Silver ja kõige halvem mastiksil Astratek. Soojustusmaterjalide EPS Silver ja SPU Anselmi katsetulemused vastasid tootja poolt väljastatud andmetele, kuid õhemate materjalide AluThermo Quattro ja Astratek tulemused mitte.Nowadays there are wide range of building insulation materials available. During construction situations when the right materials are used in wrong place, sometimes expected effect may not be accomplished. Usable insulation materials are quite thick and because of that the building insulation may be difficult, sometimes impossible. Building insulation with thinner materials may give architects, designers and constructors much more opportunities. The main objective of the current Master`s thesis is to examine and experiment two thicker and two thinner industrial insulation materials, also to analyse and compare the results with the producers data. Materials needed in experiment were given by two construction companies, whose interest were to get the real results. Laboratory test were done in building physics lab of University of Life Science and apartment association Nisu33/Kannikese 6 heating main. Results of tests were heat fluxes and temperatures of materials. On base of measurement tests were calculated thermal conductivity, thermal conductance and thermal resistance in thermal insulation material middle point. From results of studies fallowed, that the best thermal conductivity is on insulation material called EPS Silver and the worst on Astratek. EPS Silver and SPU Anselm insulation materials results were approximately the same as the producer data but the thinner insulation materials AluThermo and Astratek results were absolutely different

ABSTRACT Agent-Oriented Modelling and Simulation of a Ceramic Factory

KEY WORDS agent, enterprise modelling, manufacturing rule, manufacturing process We propose a modelling approach for creating simulation environments. The modelling process consists of the phases of analysis and design. The analysis is accomplished by extended use cases. In the design, the steps of extended use cases are first transformed to commitment-based models of interactions between the agents and after that to models of activities and reaction rules, defining the behaviours of agents. The approach is evaluated by using the case study of a real ceramic factory located in Tallinn, Estonia. The models created serve as a foundation for implementing the actual simulation environment the development of which is under way.

Environmental Problems Related to Winter Traffic Safety Conditions

The changeable Nordic climate has added problems to road maintenance and the environment to ensure traffic safety under winter conditions. The widespread use of salt (NaCl) for snow and ice removal from roads has resulted in environmental impacts in many areas. Some of the problems associated with the use of NaCl are the corrosion of bridges, road surfaces and vehicles and damage to roadside vegetation and aquatic system that are affected by water from de-iced roads. Accumulation of hard metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, Co) hazardous to the environment in areas near the road has been determined. The growth of zinc concentration in soil was accompanied by an increase in cadmium. Negative effects of studded tyres on road surfacing have brought about a higher environmental risk. Resistance to the use of salt for de-icing is strong in many countries. This forces pertinent institutions to draft normative documents and requirements that would optimise the need of NaCl

Episomal Maintenance of Plasmids with Hybrid Origins in Mouse Cells

Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV1), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human herpesvirus 8 genomes are stably maintained as episomes in dividing host cells during latent infection. The mitotic segregation/partitioning function of these episomes is dependent on single viral protein with specific DNA-binding activity and its multimeric binding sites in the viral genome. In this study we show that, in the presence of all essential viral trans factors, the segregation/partitioning elements from both BPV1 and EBV can provide the stable maintenance function to the mouse polyomavirus (PyV) core origin plasmids but fail to do so in the case of complete PyV origin. Our study is the first which follows BPV1 E2- and minichromosome maintenance element (MME)-dependent stable maintenance function with heterologous replication origins. In mouse fibroblast cell lines expressing PyV large T antigen (LT) and either BPV1 E2 or EBV EBNA1, the long-term episomal replication of plasmids carrying the PyV minimal origin together with the MME or family of repeats (FR) element can be monitored easily for 1 month under nonselective conditions. Our data demonstrate clearly that the PyV LT-dependent replication function and the segregation/partitioning function of the BPV1 or EBV are compatible in certain, but not all, configurations. The quantitative analysis indicates a loss rate of 6% per cell, doubling in the case of MME-dependent plasmids, and 13% in the case of FR-dependent plasmids in nonselective conditions. Our data clearly indicate that maintenance functions from different viruses are principally interexchangeable and can provide a segregation/partitioning function to different heterologous origins in a variety of cells