Comportamiento Biológico de Implantes Tendinosos Autógenos Intraarticulares. Interfase con los distintos medios receptores

En el presente trabajo se ha efectuado un estudio experimental de la respuesta biológica de implantes intraarticulares de tendones autógenos insertados en canales óseos. Se ha seguido, mediante microscopía óptica y electrónica, la revascularización de los implantes, los cambios tendinosos intrínsecos y, fundamentalmente, la interfase establecida entre la estructura tendinosa y los distintos medios del lecho receptor. En las zonas bañadas por líquido sinovial se produce "sinovialización", con presencia de sinoviocitos A (aspecto macrofágico) y B (aspecto fibroblástico). En las zonas que delimitan con cartílago aparece una hendidura, cuya superficie tendinosa es también sinovializada. En la interfase hueso-tendón se pueden diferenciar zonas de aposición lateral y termino-terminales. Las primeras muestran fenómenos de remodelación (presencia de abundantes osteoblastos y osteoclastos) y dispositivos arciformes de las fibras colágenas que "anclan" el tendón a trabéculas óseas. En las zonas término-terminales se establece continuidad entre la colágena del tendón y del hueso. En las regiones en que el tendón se relaciona con el tejido adiposo de la médula ósea, se produce también continuidad entre fibras colágenas pertenecientes a ambos componentes.The authors presented an experimental work in rabbits. They rewiewed the revascularization an morfology ("Sinovialization" and "Ligamentation") of tendon autograft used to replace the anterior cruciate ligament (18 rabbits studied) by histological techniques

Length of the artificial incubation in red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa)

La incubación artificial de los huevos es una fase del manejo clave para la viabilidad de las granjas cinegéticas de perdiz roja (Alectoris rufa). Sin embargo, la duración de la incubación artificial y la dispersión de las eclosiones no han sido previamente cuantificadas en esta especie. Con este objetivo se analizaron cuatro ensayos de incubación artificial de huevos de perdiz roja procedentes de tres granjas cinegéticas del sur de España realizados incluyendo variabilidad de factores de manejo de los reproductores y de la incubación. La duración media de la incubación fue de 23,4 días, difiriendo entre ensayos (P = 0,004), con un valor modal de 23 días y finalizando la mayoría de las eclosiones (percentil 95) el día 24,5 de incubación. La eclosión mostró una distribución asimétrica positiva y leptocúrtica, como corresponde al patrón de eclosión de las especies precociales. Las eclosiones, que pueden comenzar el día 21,5 y finalizar el día 26 de incubación, se extendieron en promedio durante cuatro días, periodo mayor que el descrito en la literatura divulgativa probablemente porque en el presente estudio los huevos no estuvieron en contacto entre sí, lo que pudo limitar la sincronía en la eclosión. Los resultados de este estudio son útiles para conocer la distribución de la eclosión en las granjas cinegéticas de perdiz roja, posibilitando la mejora del manejo de los lotes de huevos en la nacedoraThe artificial incubation of the eggs is a key management phase for the feasibility of the red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) game farms. However, the length of the artificial incubation and the spreading pattern of the hatching have not been previously quantified in this species. To this end, four trials of artificial incubation of eggs from three red-legged partridge game farms located in southern Spain were analised. The trials included a wide range of variability with regard to management of breeders and incubation process. The average length of the incubation period was 23.4 days, with differences among trials (P = 0,004), showing a modal value of 23 days. Most of the chicks (percentile 95) hatched before 24.5 days of incubation. The distribution of the hatch was leptokurtic and showed positive asymmetry, fitting with the hatching pattern of the precocial species. The hatching, that can start on day 21.5 and finish on day 26 of incubation, were spread over four days on average. This period was longer than that described in the informative literature, probably because in the present study the eggs were not in contact with each other, which could have limited the hatching synchrony. The results of the present study are useful to understand the distribution of hatching in the red-legged game farms, enabling improved management of the batches of eggs in the hatchery

Comportamiento Biológico de Aloinjertos Tendinosos Intraarticulares.

En el presente trabajo, los autores han efectuado un estudio experimental de la respuesta biológica de aloinjertos tendinosos, implantados en el interior de la articulación de la rodilla. Se ha seguido mediante microscopía óptica y micoscopía electrónica, la revascularización de los implantes y los cambios tendinosos intrínsecos, tanto en la serie de aloinjertos en "fresco", como de aloinjertos congelados. En los aloinjertos en fresco, predomina la intensa respuesta inflamatoria -inmunitaria, siendo la respuesta reparadora de escasos signos de orientación del tejido fibroso definitivo. En la serie de injertos congelados, los fenómenos inflamatorios son escasos, predominando la angiogénesis.In this paper, the authors have studied the biological respons e of tendinous allografts, implanted inside the kne e articulation, in a experimental study. The revascularization of the grafts, and the intrinsic tendinous change s in both series, frozen and no frozen allografts, is studied with optical and electron microscopy. In the no frozen allografts, is more important the intensive inflamatory inmunitary response, with few signs of orientation of the definitive fibrous tissue. In the serie of frozen allografts, the inflamatory response is limited with predominanc e of the angiogénesis process

Wannier-Stark ladders in one-dimensional elastic systems

The optical analogues of Bloch oscillations and their associated Wannier-Stark ladders have been recently analyzed. In this paper we propose an elastic realization of these ladders, employing for this purpose the torsional vibrations of specially designed one-dimensional elastic systems. We have measured, for the first time, the ladder wave amplitudes, which are not directly accessible either in the quantum mechanical or optical cases. The wave amplitudes are spatially localized and coincide rather well with theoretically predicted amplitudes. The rods we analyze can be used to localize different frequencies in different parts of the elastic systems and viceversa.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. Let

Enhanced Optoelectronic Response in Bilayer Lateral Heterostructures of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Two-dimensional lateral heterojunctions are basic components for low-power and flexible optoelectronics. In contrast to monolayers, devices based on few-layer lateral heterostructures could offer superior performance due to their lower susceptibility to environmental conditions. Here, we report the controlled synthesis of multi-junction bilayer lateral heterostructures based on MoS2-WS2 and MoSe2-WSe2, where the hetero-junctions are created via sequential lateral edge-epitaxy that happens simultaneously in both the first and the second layer. With respect to their monolayer counterparts, bilayer lateral heterostructures yield nearly one order of magnitude higher rectification currents. They also display a clear photovoltaic response, with short circuit currents ~103 times larger than those extracted from the monolayers, in addition to room-temperature electroluminescence. The superior performance of bilayer heterostructures significantly expands the functionalities of 2D crystals

Impact of the workforce allocation on the technical performance of mental health services: the collective case of Helsinki-Uusimaa (Finland)

Background Long-term mental health (MH) policies in Finland aimed at investing in community care and promoting reforms have led to a reduction in the number of psychiatric hospital beds. However, most resources are still allocated to hospital and community residential services due to various social, economic and political factors. Despite previous research focussing on the number and cost of these services, no study has evaluated the emerging patterns of use, their technical performance and the relationship with the workforce structure. Objective The purpose of this study was to observe the patterns of use and their technical performance (efciency) of the main types of care of MH services in the Helsinki-Uusimaa region (Finland), and to analyse the potential rela‑ tionship between technical performance and the corresponding workforce structure. Methods The sample included acute hospital residential care, non-hospital residential care and outpatient care services. The analysis was conducted using regression analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, fuzzy inference and data envelopment analysis. Results The analysis showed a statistically signifcant linear relationship between the number of service users and the length of stay, number of beds in non-hospital residential care and number of contacts in outpatient care services. The three service types displayed a similar pattern of technical performance, with high relative technical efciency on average and a low probability of being efcient. The most efcient acute hospital and outpatient care services integrated multidisciplinary teams, while psychiatrists and nurses characterized non-hospital residential care. Conclusions The results indicated that the number of resources and utilization variables were linearly related to the number of users and that the relative technical efciency of the services was similar across all types. This suggests homogenous MH management with small variations based on workforce allocation. Therefore, the distribution of workforce capacity should be considered in the development of efective policies and interventions in the southern Finnish MH system

Sublittoral soft bottom communities and diversity of Mejillones Bay in northern Chile (Humboldt Current upwelling system)

The macrozoobenthos of Mejillones Bay (23°S; Humboldt Current) was quantitatively investigated over a 7-year period from austral summer 1995/1996 to winter 2002. About 78 van Veen grab samples taken at six stations (5, 10, 20 m depth) provided the basis for the analysis of the distribution of 60 species and 28 families of benthic invertebrates, as well as of their abundance and biomass. Mean abundance (2,119 individuals m-2) was in the same order compared to a previous investigation; mean biomass (966 g formalin wet mass m-2), however, exceeded prior estimations mainly due to the dominance of the bivalve Aulacomya ater. About 43% of the taxa inhabited the complete depth range. Mean taxonomic Shannon diversity (H', Log e) was 1.54 ± 0.58 with a maximum at 20 m (1.95 ± 0.33); evenness increased with depth. The fauna was numerically dominated by carnivorous gastropods, polychaetes and crustaceans (48%). About 15% of the species were suspensivorous, 13% sedimentivorous, 11% detritivorous, 7% omnivorous and 6% herbivorous. Cluster analyses showed a significant difference between the shallow and the deeper stations. Gammarid amphipods and the polychaete family Nephtyidae characterized the 5-mzone, the molluscs Aulacomya ater, Mitrella unifasciata and gammarids the intermediate zone, while the gastropod Nassarius gayi and the polychaete family Nereidae were most prominent at the deeper stations. The communities of the three depth zones did not appear to be limited by hypoxia during non-El Niño conditions. Therefore, no typical change in community structure occurred during El Niño 1997–1998, in contrast to what was observed for deeper faunal assemblages and hypoxic bays elsewhere in the coastal Humboldt Current system

LSSVM APLICADA EN LA ESTIMACIÓN DE LA RESISTENCIA DE ROTOR EN MOTOR DE INDUCCIÓN JAULA DE ARDILLA

En este artículo se estima la resistencia de rotor presente en la dinámica de un motor de inducción Jaula de Ardilla aplicando LSSVM en regresión. El problema es que la resistencia de rotor es difícil de medir por lo que se requiere estimarla. Además, de ser afectada por el incremento en la temperatura, conllevando a que la constante de tiempo del rotor cambie y afecte los parámetros del motor. Se plantea un modelo del motor, en Simulink de Matlab, del cual se extrae la data, se preprocesa y se aplica el algoritmo LSSVM en regresión con Kernel no lineal RBF y la optimización de gamma se hace por validación cruzada. La medición del desempeño del modelo se utilizó la raíz cuadrada del error medio de predicción. Obteniendo buenos resultados

Recetas con frijol tepari: Recetas locales Guatemaltecas con frijol tepari

La elaboración de este recetario fue posible gracias a la colaboración de los miembros de diferentes comunidades en los municipios de Camotán, Jocotán y San Juan Ermita, en Chiquimula (Guatemala). Este recetario se realizó considerando costumbres y preferencias locales de las comunidades participantes, y se enfoco en el uso del frijol tepari por su alto contenido nutricional, especialmente de hierro. Esta publicación es un producto del proyecto dirigido por Bioversity International: “Integrando cadenas de valor agro-biodiversas, cambio climático y nutrición: empoderando a los pobres para manejar mejor el riesgo”; mismo que fue respaldado por FIDA, Comisión Europa, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala y A4NH. Agradecimientos especiales a la Sra. Neida Gutierrez de Diaz responsable de la preparación de las recetas, así como a nuestros socios locales Mancomunidad Copan Chor’ti