Gestión cultural. Aspectos institucionales y organizaciones culturales: el caso de la fundación teatro nacional

El artículo que se presenta a continuación, busca ilustrar una visión de carácter institucional que facilite la comprensión de los procesos de gestión que ha llevado a cabo una organización de carácter cultural en su proceso de legitimación. Esta investigación teniendo como punto de partida la Teoría Institucional y como objeto de estudio la Fundación Teatro Nacional, describe elementos económicos, políticos y sociales que han contribuido al desarrollo de esta Fundación, cuyos resultados y proyección la permiten calificar como la más importante en su género en la ciudad de Bogotá. Este trabajo ubicado en la temática correspondiente a las Empresas Culturales permite concluir sobre la pertinencia de la gestión realizada por la Fundación, en su relación con el entorno, logrando una legitimidad que le permite profundizar, incrementar y proyectar su actividad, creando en forma simultanea u

Responsabilidad Social Empresarial Universitaria: una responsabilidad interna

Editoria

Cambio institucional, cambio cultural: el caso de dos empresas de transporte urbano de bogotá

El artículo que se presenta a continuación intenta relacionar un importante cambio institucional en la forma de funcionamiento de los sistemas de transporte masivo, y su reflejo en la cultura organizacional de dos empresas del sector. Este intento de relación constituye igualmente una propuesta de "medición cultural" bajo dos puntos de vista complementarios como son los enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos, respaldados en una visión demográfica de la Cultura Organizacional. El ejercicio permite evidenciar la elasticidad, a nivel de la estructura y el comportamiento de dos grupos de conductores correspondientes respectivamente a lo que se denominará el sistema "Tradicional" y el sistema "Transmilenio", como consecuencia del cambio institucional ocurrido en los sistemas de transporte público de la ciudad de Bogotá, a mediados del año 2000

¿Quién aprende de quien: el arte de la administración o la administración del arte?

Trabajo de investigación descriptivaEl presente artículo tiene como foco la descripción de la evolución que ha tenido la “Gestión del arte y la cultura”, como una sub-área mayor de la administración. El trabajo se desarrolla en el contexto de las denominadas industrias o empresas culturales. A partir de una comparación de dos artículos académicos publicados con 22 años de diferencia se evidencia el profundo cambio de concepción en este novedoso terreno de ejercicio de la gestión. El análisis permite establecer con claridad algunas de las características fundamentales que debe tener un Gestor Cultural. Particularidades que permiten delimitar claramente su campo de acción, y diferenciarlo de los numerosos agentes que intervienen en las organizaciones, emprendimientos o proyectos mediante los cuales se desarrolla esta actividad. En este sentido el artículo sirve de base para la discusión sobre los conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas que hacen parte de la formación en la Gestión del Arte y la Cultur

Cover cracking of the reinforced concrete due to rebar corrosion induced by chloride penetration

This paper is focused on the problem of the chloride-induced corrosion of the rebar in reinforced concrete, with special application to the slabs and decks of the bridges. High superficial concentrations may be usual in these structures (marine environments or de-icing salts in roadway bridges, e.g.). Like any aggressive agent such as water, gases or other dissolved ions, chloride induced deterioration is very conditioned by possibilities of transport through concrete mass

Moisture Evaporation from Granular Biopesticides Containing Quiescent Entomopathogenic Nematodes

The moisture evaporation process from granular biopesticides (GBs) containing entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) has influence in the shelf-life of these biological products, but the approach to design GBs with desired transport properties lacks of theoretical support to get closer in a better way to formulations design of long-term storage. In this chapter we review the state of art in theoretical studies about the physics of the moisture evaporation to elucidate what are the mechanisms of drying of GBs. We found that several external and internal factors influence the transport process of moisture exchange among others phenomenon that happened in a porous media such as GBs; consequently, complex and highly dynamic interactions between medium properties, transport processes, and boundary conditions result in a wide range of evaporation behaviors. The theory of drying process in two stages for porous materials with high moisture content seems to be a good starting point to explore further the drying of GBs at different scales and mechanistic and correlative models of evaporation are available to analyze the desiccation in different stages of the elaboration process, which is also of interest in the subject area of science and technology of the formulation of EPNs

Cover cracking of reinforced concrete due to rebar corrosión induced by chloride penetration

Este artículo estudia el proceso de fisuración del hormigón por corrosión de la armadura. Se presenta un modelo de transporte de cloruros en el hormigón, que contempla la no-linealidad de los coeficientes de difusión, las isotermas de absorción y el fenómeno de convección. A partir de los resultados de penetración de cloruros, se establece la corrosión de la armadura con la consiguiente expansión radial. La fisuración del hormigón se estudia con un modelo de fisura embebida. Los dos modelos (iniciación y propagación) se incorporan en un programa de elementos finitos. El modelo se contrasta con resultados experimentales, obteniéndose un buen ajuste. Una de las dificultades es establecer el umbral de concentración de cloruros que da lugar al inicio de la corrosión de la armadura.This paper is focused on the chloride-induced corrosion of the rebar in RC. A comprehensive model for the chloride ingress into concrete is presented, with special attention to non-linear diffusion coefficients, chloride binding isotherms and convection phenomena. Based on the results of chloride diffusion, subsequent active corrosion is assumed and the radial expansion of the corroded reinforcement reproduced. For cracking simulation, the Strong Discontinuity Approach is applied. Both models (initiation and propagation corrosion stages) are incorporated in the same finite element program and chained. Comparisons with experimental results are carried out, with reasonably good agreements being obtained, especially for cracking patterns. Major limitations refer to difficulties to establish precise levels of basic data such as the chloride ion content at concrete surface, the chloride threshold concentration that triggers active corrosion, the rate of oxide production or the rust mechanical properties

Time Course and Magnitude of Tolerance to the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine on the Second Ventilatory Threshold.

Pre‐exercise caffeine ingestion has been shown to increase the workload at ventilatory threshold, suggesting an ergogenic effect of this stimulant on submaximal aerobic exercise. However, the time course of tolerance to the effect of caffeine on ventilatory threshold is unknown. This study aimed to determine the evolution of tolerance to the ergogenic effect of caffeine on the ventilatory threshold. Methods: Eleven participants (age 32.3 ± 4.9 yrs, height 171 ± 8 cm, body mass 66.6 ± 13.6 kg, VO2max = 48.0 ± 3.8 mL/kg/min) took part in a longitudinal, double‐blind, placebocontrolled, randomized, crossover experimental design. Each participant took part in two identical treatments: in one treatment, participants ingested a capsule containing 3 mg of caffeine per kg of body mass per day (mg/kg/day) for twenty consecutive days; in the other treatment, participants ingested a capsule filled with a placebo for the same duration and frequency. During these treatments, participants performed a maximal ramp test on a cycle ergometer three times per week and the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) was assessed by using the ventilatory equivalents for oxygen and carbon dioxide. Results: A two‐way ANOVA with repeated measures (substance x time) revealed statistically significant main effects of caffeine (p < 0.01) and time (p = 0.04) on the wattage obtained at VT2, although there was no interaction (p = 0.09). In comparison to the placebo, caffeine increased the workload at VT2 on days 1, 4, 6 and 15 of ingestion (p < 0.05). The size of the ergogenic effect of caffeine over the placebo on the workload at VT2 was progressively reduced with the duration of the treatment. In addition, there were main effects of caffeine (p = 0.03) and time (p = 0.16) on VO2 obtained at VT2, with no interaction (p = 0.49). Specifically, caffeine increased oxygen uptake at VT2 on days 1 and 4 (p < 0.05), with no other caffeine–placebo differences afterwards. For heart rate obtained at VT2, there was a main effect of substance (p < 0.01), while the overall effect of time (p = 0.13) and the interaction (p = 0.22) did not reach statistical significance. Heart rate at VT2 was higher with caffeine than with the placebo on days 1 and 4 (p < 0.05). The size of the effect of caffeine on VO2 and heart at VT2 tended to decline over time. Conclusion: Pre‐exercise intake of 3 mg/kg/day of caffeine for twenty days enhanced the wattage obtained at VT2 during cycling ramp tests for ~15 days of ingestion, while there was a progressive attenuation of the size of the ergogenic effect of caffeine on this performance variable. Therefore, habituation to caffeine through daily ingestion may reduce the ergogenic effect of this stimulant on aerobic exercise of submaximal intensity.post-print501 K

Exploring fitness centre consumer loyalty: differences of non-profit and low-cost business models in Spain

A number of studies have placed at the forefront variables that predict the loyalty of clients in fitness centres. In fact, no study has analysed the differences between these variables according to business models. The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between quality, value, satisfaction and the future intentions of clients of public and private low-cost fitness centres and their differences. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1805 fitness centre clients. A confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group analysis was performed to test the difference between two invariance models. The findings indicate a greater weight in facilities and employees of the quality perceived from private low-cost fitness centres and a greater weight in programmes from public fitness centres. Furthermore, the relationship between the variables’ overall quality, perceived value, satisfaction and future intentions had a greater influence in private low-cost fitness centres than in public centres