Color-Octet Contributions to J/psi Photoproduction via Fragmentation at HERA

We study J/psi photoproduction via fragmentation at next-to-leading order in the QCD-improved parton model, using the nonrelativistic factorization formalism proposed by Bodwin, Braaten, and Lepage. We consider direct and resolved photoproduction of prompt J/psi mesons and chi_{cJ} mesons radiatively decaying to J/psi+gamma, taking into account the formation of both color-singlet and color-octet c anti-c states. Adopting the values of the long-distance color-octet matrix elements extracted from fits to prompt-J/psi data recently taken at the Fermilab Tevatron, we predict that measurements of J/psi photoproduction at DESY HERA should show a distinctive excess over the expectation based on the color-singlet model at small values of the inelasticity variable z. This is complementary to the expected enhancement at z close to 1 due to the color-octet contribution to photon-gluon fusion.Comment: 10 pages (Latex), 3 figures (Postscript

Charmonium Production via Fragmentation at DESY HERA

The cross section for the photoproduction of large-p_T J/psi mesons at HERA is calculated at next-to-leading order, adopting a perturbative approach to describe the fragmentation of charm quarks and gluons into J/psi mesons. We treat the charm quark according to the massless factorization scheme, where it is assumed to be one of the active flavours inside the proton and the resolved photon. We present inclusive distributions in transverse momentum and rapidity, including the contributions due to direct and resolved photons. The importance of the colour-octet components of the J/psi wave function, which contribute to the fragmentation process, is emphasized. In addition to prompt J/psi production, we consider also the production of chi_{cJ} states followed by radiative decays to J/psi mesons, both in the colour-singlet and colour-octet channels.Comment: 32 pages (Latex), 12 figures (Postscript

Systematic mechanical assessment of consolidants for canvas reinforcement under controlled environment

In conservation, adhesives are commonly used for the consolidation of canvases, yet their impact upon the canvas longevity has raised some concerns amongst conservators. As such, this study presents a testing protocol developed to assess the performance of commonly-used adhesives (natural animal glue and synthetic Beva® 371) and a newly developed nanocellulose consolidant, nanofibrillated nanocellulose (CNF). This includes their effect on the visual appearance, consolidation, and response of the mechanical properties of the treated canvases to programmed changes in relative humidity (RH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of animal glue- and Beva® 371-treated canvases revealed the presence of adhesive and consolidant on and in-between cotton fibres. The consolidants form bridges linking and connecting the cotton fibres and holding them together, whereas the CNF treatment, formed a visible continuous and dense surface coating. None of the treatments induced any discernible colour change. Controlled environment mechanical testing was performed in two ways: by applying a linearly increasing static force at fixed RH (Young’s modulus) and by applying a dynamic force together with a programmed RH cycling between 20 and 80% (RH dependent viscoelastic properties). CNF gave a higher value of Young’s modulus than either of the two commonly-used materials. Measurements at different values of RH (20 and 80%) demonstrated for all the treated canvases that at the lower value (RH 20%) Young’s modulus values were higher than at the higher value (RH 80%). Besides, the dynamic mode showed that the rate of response in all cases was rapid and reversible and that the nanofibrillated cellulose treated sample showed the highest variation in storage (or elastic) modulus measured at the end of RH plateaux (20 and 80% RH). Thus CNF appears to be a promising material given its higher mechanical performance. The protocol developed in this study has enabled us to examine and compare candidate materials for the consolidation of canvases systematically, using testing parameters that remained relevant to the field of canvas conservation

Addressing climate change with behavioral science: a global intervention tournament in 63 countries

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions’ effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior—several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people’s initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors

Addressing climate change with behavioral science: A global intervention tournament in 63 countries

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors

Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.</p

Addressing climate change with behavioral science:A global intervention tournament in 63 countries

Effectively reducing climate change requires marked, global behavior change. However, it is unclear which strategies are most likely to motivate people to change their climate beliefs and behaviors. Here, we tested 11 expert-crowdsourced interventions on four climate mitigation outcomes: beliefs, policy support, information sharing intention, and an effortful tree-planting behavioral task. Across 59,440 participants from 63 countries, the interventions' effectiveness was small, largely limited to nonclimate skeptics, and differed across outcomes: Beliefs were strengthened mostly by decreasing psychological distance (by 2.3%), policy support by writing a letter to a future-generation member (2.6%), information sharing by negative emotion induction (12.1%), and no intervention increased the more effortful behavior-several interventions even reduced tree planting. Last, the effects of each intervention differed depending on people's initial climate beliefs. These findings suggest that the impact of behavioral climate interventions varies across audiences and target behaviors.</p

Rusistika - slavistika - lingvistika : Festschrift für Werner Lehfeldt zum 60. Geburtstag

Beiträge in russ. und dt.Die Festschrift ehrt einen der international bekanntesten und produktivsten Slavisten Deutschlands. Die 48 Beiträge des Bandes von Freunden, Schülern und Kollegen des Jubilars aus dem In- und Ausland entstammen – ohne Begrenzung von Raum, Zeit oder Methode – den Bereichen Slavische Sprachwissenschaft, Allgemeine und Quantitative Linguistik, Slavische Literaturwissenschaft sowie Didaktik des Russischen als Fremdsprache. Sie entsprechen in ihrer höchst aktuellen Thematik dem ausserordentlich breiten Interessenspektrum des langjährigen Herausgebers von Russian Linguistics; neben zahlreichen konkreten philologischen, empirischen Studien zur Synchronie und Diachronie sind auch grundsätzliche Überlegungen und Reflexionen vertreten