Dinâmica do componente arbóreo e regenerante em uma floresta nebular no Planalto Sul Catarinense

The dynamics of adult and regenerative tree species components was assessed in a cloud forest in the South Plateau of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil, seeking a better understanding of the process of vegetation development. To this end, permanent sampling plots were allocated, where the adult and regenerative components were characterized, respectively, in 2011 and 2013. All surveyed species were classified according to regeneration guilds into pioneer, light-demanding climax, and shade-tolerant climax. In 2015, a second tree species component survey was conducted to determine the growth of surviving individuals (adults) and count the recruited and dead individuals. For each population, the net change rates for individuals (adults and regenerative) and basal area (only adults) were determined. Proportion tests were conducted to verify whether representativeness of the regeneration guilds changed over the study period. The results showed that the forest investigated is undergoing a structuring process characterized by gains in number of individuals and basal area. In contrast, stability in species richness and representativeness of regeneration guilds was verified, with highlight for light-demanding climax species. In conclusion, the assessed forest is undergoing a structuring phase that favors the regeneration of light-demanding species.Avaliou-se a dinâmica do componente arbóreo e regenerante em uma floresta nebular, na região do Planalto Sul Catarinense, com o objetivo de se conhecer o processo de desenvolvimento da vegetação ao longo do tempo. Para isso, foram instaladas parcelas permanentes onde foram caracterizados os componentes adulto e regenerante, respectivamente, nos anos de 2011 e 2013. Todas as espécies amostradas foram classificadas quanto à guilda de regeneração em pioneiras, climácicas exigentes em luz e climácicas tolerantes ao sombreamemto. No ano de 2015, foi realizado o segundo inventário dos componentes vegetacionais, sendo determinado o crescimento dos sobreviventes (somente adultos) e contabilizados os indivíduos recrutados e mortos. Para cada uma das populações, foram determinadas as taxas de mudança líquida em número de indivíduos (adultos e regenerantes) e em área basal (adultos). Foram realizados testes de proporções para verificar se a representatividade das diferentes guildas de regeneração se alterou entre os anos avaliados. Os resultados indicaram que a floresta se encontra em um processo de estruturação, caracterizado pelo ganho em número de indivíduos e em área basal. Por outro lado, observou-se estabilidade na riqueza e na representatividade das guildas de regeneração, com destaque para a maior participação de espécies classificadas como clímax exigentes em luz. Conclui-se que a floresta avaliada se encontra em estruturação, com o favorecimento da regeneração de espécies exigentes em luz

Expansão da vegetação arbustivo-arbórea em áreas abertas alto-montanas adjacentes a fragmentos florestais, no Planalto Sul Catarinense

The study aimed to understand the dynamic patterns of natural regeneration of shrub-tree species and determine whether these patterns are influenced by environmental variables, in three open areas in natural regeneration (diameter at breast height < 5 cm), in contact to upper montane Araucaria Forest fragments, located in the Southern Plateau of Santa Catarina state. Three 20x100 m transects, subdivided into sub-plots of 10x10 m, were installed in each area, perpendicular to the edge of the fragments with their length covering the grassland area. All shrub-tree regenerating individuals greater than or equal to 20 cm height were sampled. In each sub-plot, the environmental data were collected: soil physico-chemical properties, the degree of soil compaction and the altimetric quota. One year after the frst inventory, the dynamics rates were obtained for the three community and populations, and the found patterns related to environmental variables. The data were analyzed through Kruskal-Wallis tests, multiple comparison tests, chi-square test, applied to a contingency table, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and linear mixed models. The results demonstrated that during the evaluated period, the natural regeneration process of the shrub-tree component is found in an early stage and it was characterized by abundance increment, richness stability, spatial independency between mortality and recruitment, and recruitment limitation in function of low soil natural fertility and high Al availability.O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer os padrões demográficos da regeneração natural do componente arbustivo-arbóreo e determinar se esses são influenciados pelas variáveis ambientais, em três áreas de campo em regeneração natural, adjacentes a fragmentos florestais de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Alto-Montana, no Planalto Sul Catarinense. Foram instaladas três transecções, uma por área, de 20x100 m, subdividas em sub-parcelas de 10x10 m, perpendiculares à borda dos fragmentos, com sua extensão cobrindo a área de campo. Amostraram-se todos os indivíduos regenerantes arbustivo-arbóreos com 20 cm ou mais de altura. Em cada sub-parcela, foram coletados os seguintes dados ambientais: propriedades físico-químicas dos solos, grau de compactação dos solos e topografia. Um ano após o inventário, foram obtidas as taxas de dinâmica para as três comunidades e para as populações, e os padrões encontrados foram relacionados com as variáveis ambientais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de testes de Kruskal-Wallis, testes de comparações múltiplas, teste de qui-quadrado aplicado a tabela de contingência, teste de correlação, Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA) e modelos lineares mistos. Os resultados demonstraram que no período estudado, o processo de regeneração natural do componente arbustivo-arbóreo encontra-se em fase inicial e foi caracterizado pelo incremento na abundância de indivíduos, estabilidade na riqueza, independência espacial entre a mortalidade e o recrutamento e limitação do recrutamento em função da baixa fertilidade natural do solo e elevada disponibilidade de Al

Abordagens Integrativas na Saúde Pública Fisioterapia e Fitoterapia no tratamento de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis

This article aims to describe the importance of integrative approaches in public health, in the context of phytotherapy and physiotherapy in the treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study is an integrative literature review, with searches carried out in the LILACS, SCIELO and Google Scholar. The searches were carried out between June and July 2023. The following health descriptors were used: Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases; Public health; Integrative and Complementary Practices; Phytotherapy and Physiotherapy. As an inclusion criterion, only complete studies were used, in Portuguese and within the time frame of 2016 and 2023. As an exclusion criterion, course completion papers, repeated studies, studies outside the scope and with private access. After the screening process, only 10 studies were selected to compose the final sample. The articles demonstrated that in phytotherapy, medicinal plants are used, such as extracts, essential oils and teas, which have proven therapeutic properties for the treatment of NCDs. In physiotherapy, the main interventions include therapeutic exercises, joint mobilization, massage, stretching and other physical techniques aimed at improving physical capacity, reducing pain and preventing complications related to CNCDs. It is concluded that the integration between the use of medicinal plants with physical therapeutic techniques complement the treatment of CNCD, helping in physical rehabilitation, pain control and prevention of complications.Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever qual a importância das abordagens integrativas na saúde pública, no contexto de fitoterapia e fisioterapia no tratamento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT). Esse estudo é uma revisão integrativa de literatura, com buscas feitas nas bases de dados LILACS, SCIELO e Google Acadêmico. As buscas foram feitas entre junho e julho de 2023. Foram utilizados os descritores em saúde: Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis; Saúde Pública; Práticas Integrativas e Complementares; Fitoterapia e Fisioterapia. Como critério de inclusão, utilizou-se apenas estudos completos, em português e dentro do recorte temporal de 2016 e 2023. Já como critério de exclusão, trabalhos de conclusão de curso, repetidos, estudos fora do escopo e de acesso privado. Após o processo de triagem, foram selecionados apenas 10 estudos para compor a amostra final. Os artigos demonstraram que na fitoterapia, são utilizadas plantas medicinais, como extratos, óleos essenciais e chás, que possuem propriedades terapêuticas comprovadas para o tratamento das DCNT. Já na fisioterapia, as principais intervenções incluem exercícios terapêuticos, mobilização de articulações, massagens, alongamentos e outras técnicas físicas que visam melhorar a capacidade física, reduzir a dor e prevenir complicações relacionadas às DCNT. Conclui-se que, a integração entre utilização de plantas medicinais com técnicas terapêuticas físicas complementam o tratamento das DCNT, auxiliando na reabilitação física, controle da dor e prevenção de complicações

IFNG +874T/A polymorphism is not associated with American tegumentary leishmaniasis susceptibility but can influence Leishmania induced IFN-γ production

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Interferon-gamma is a key cytokine in the protective responses against intracellular pathogens. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the first intron of the human IFN-γ gene can putatively influence the secretion of cytokine with an impact on infection outcome as demonstrated for tuberculosis and other complex diseases. Our aim was to investigate the putative association of IFNG+874T/A SNP with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) and also the influence of this SNP in the secretion of IFN-γ <it>in vitro</it>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Brazilian ATL patients (78 cutaneous, CL, and 58 mucosal leishmaniasis, ML) and 609 healthy volunteers were evaluated. The genotype of +874 region in the IFN-γ gene was carried out by Amplification Refractory Mutational System (ARMS-PCR). <it>Leishmania</it>-induced IFN-γ production on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture supernatants was assessed by ELISA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There are no differences between +874T/A SNP frequency in cases and controls or in ML versus CL patients. Cutaneous leishmaniasis cases exhibiting AA genotype produced lower levels of IFN-γ than TA/TT genotypes. In mucosal cases, high and low IFN-γ producers were clearly demonstrated but no differences in the cytokine production was observed among the IFNG +874T or A carriers.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results suggest that +874T/A polymorphism was not associated with either susceptibility or severity to leishmaniasis. Despite this, IFNG +874T/A SNP could be involved in the pathogenesis of leishmaniasis by influencing the amount of cytokine released by CL patients, although it could not prevent disease development. On the other hand, it is possible that in ML cases, other potential polymorphic regulatory genes such as TNF-α and IL-10 are also involved thus interfering with IFN-γ secretion.</p

III Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiência Cardíaca Crônica

Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreUniversidade de Pernambuco Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de PernambucoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Faculdade de MedicinaFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio PretoFundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul Instituto de CardiologiaRede Labs D'OrUniversidade Federal FluminenseUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de Ciencias MédicasInstituto Dante Pazzanese de CardiologiaSanta Casa de MisericórdiaUniversidade de Pernambuco Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de PernambucoHospital Pró CardíacoHospital de MessejanaPontifícia Universidade Católica do ParanáUniversidade Federal de Goiás Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoReal e Benemerita Sociedade de Beneficência PortuguesaFaculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas GeraisUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states