Preferencia de habitat, dieta, amplitud y traslape de nicho de carnívoros simpátricos (Mammalia: carnivora) en la costa sur de Jalisco,México

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Manejo de Vida Silvestre) UANLUANLhttp://www.uanl.mx

What turns a product into a traditional one?

Consumer interest in traditional food products (TFPs) has increased in recent decades. The concept of TFPs is made up of seven dimensions. However, it is not yet clear what the contributions of these dimensions are to the perception of the traditional image of a specific product. In addition, the effects of constructs such as habit, product involvement and objective and subjective knowledge on the traditional character of a product have not been explored either. The aims of this work were to evaluate the influence of the dimensions of the traditional food concept on the perception of mezcal and tequila and to understand consumer’s perception of the traditional character of the beverages through their segmentation characteristics. Eight hundred consumers were surveyed in four Mexican cities. A questionnaire was designed to assess the constructs, TFPs’ dimensions, sociodemographic information and consumption patterns. Results showed that the dimensions of the traditional concept allowed a better understanding of the traditional character of the product, as well as their individual relevance showing that frequent consumption is not always linked to the traditional character of a product. Three clusters were obtained for both products based on the assessed dimensions of the traditional concept. The presence of the segments showed variations in the contribution of the different dimensions to the concept of “traditional”. Geographic location, special dates and sensory dimensions are determinant in the traditional perception of both beverages, which is useful to design effective strategies to promote rational and responsible consumption.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Zn(II) and Cd(II) Coordination Dimers Based on Mixed Benzodioxole-Carboxylate and N-Donor Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structures and Photoluminescence Properties

Four new compounds, formulated as [Zn(m-Pip)2(3-Phpy)]2 (1), [Zn(m-Pip)2(4-Phpy)]2 (2), [Cd(m-Pip)(Pip)(3-Phpy)2]2 (3) and [Cd(m-Pip)(Pip)(4-Phpy)2]2 (4) (HPip=1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid; Phpy= phenylpyridine), have been successfully assembled based on rigid carboxylate/pyridine ligands. These four compounds have been fully characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods. The aim of the present study is to investigate the structural effect and the influence of the size of metal on the class, geometry and type of coordination of the carboxylate ligands (syn-syn, syn-anti) in the final 3D-arrangements of the structures. Finally, luminescence properties of these new four coordination dimers have been investigated

Validation of ethnopharmacological use as anti-inflammatory of a decoction from Annona muricata leaves

Background: Through this work we evaluated the potential of the aqueous extract of Annona muricata L. leaves (AMAEL) to treat inflammatory conditions. The use of decoction or infusion of this important medicinal resource is still not scientifically validated. Methods: Different doses of AMAEL were assayed in carrageenan-induced inflammation and tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)-induced edema in mice, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) in inflamed tissue, MPO released by A-23187-stimulated rat neutrophils and nitric oxide released by murine macrophages. Acute oral toxicity and cell viability of murine macrophages were also tested. Results: A single dose of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of AMAEL did not show any symptoms associated with toxicity in vivo and the viability of murine macrophages was of 100% at the assayed doses. AMAEL at 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg exerted a significant edema reduction in the carrageenan inflammation model (26.82±0.02%, p<0.05 and 52.70±0.12%, p<0.001 inhibition respectively, after the first hour). The TPAinduced topical edema model showed a significantly and dose-dependently inhibition (56% and 78% at doses of 2.5 mg/ear and 5 mg/ear, respectively). The decrease in (MPO) enzyme activity in the ear homogenates assayed at 5 mg/ear were highly significant (92.5% ± 1.83 inhibition, p<0.001) and MPO was also reduced in activated rat neutrophils at 200 μg/ml (81.98% ± 1.01 inhibition, p<0.001). AMAEL considerably decreased dose-dependently nitrite production in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages, the highest inhibition was achieved at 500 μg/ml (73.18% ± 2.36, p<001). Conclusion: this study validates the ethnomedicinal use of the decoction of Annona muricata L. leaves as anti-inflammatory agent

Pathogenic pathways and therapeutic approaches targeting inflammation in diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality, resulting in elevated cost for public health systems. DN is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its incidence increases the number of patients that develop the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There are growing epidemiological and preclinical evidence about the close relationship between inflammatory response and the occurrence and progression of DN. Several antiinflammatory strategies targeting specific inflammatory mediators (cell adhesion molecules, chemokines and cytokines) and intracellular signaling pathways have shown beneficial effects in experimental models of DN, decreasing proteinuria and renal lesions. A number of inflammatory molecules have been shown useful to identify diabetic patients at high risk of developing renal complications. In this review, we focus on the key role of inflammation in the genesis and progression of DN, with a special interest in effector molecules and activated intracellular pathways leading to renal damage, as well as a comprehensive update of new therapeutic strategies targeting inflammation to prevent and/or retard renal injury.The authors work has been supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, FIS-FEDER PI17/00130, PI17/01495, PI19/00588, ERA-PerMed-JTC2018-PERSTIGAN AC18/00071), Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) and Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Fondecyt Project (No. 1160465), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RTI2018-098788-B-100, DTS17/00203, DTS19/00093, RYC-2017-22369), and Spanish Societies of Cardiology (SEC), Nephrology (SEN) and Atherosclerosis (SEA). The “PFIS” and “Sara Borrell” training program of the ISCIII supported the salary of MGH (FI18/00310), SR-M (CD19/00021) and CH-B (CP16/00017). Córdoba University supported the salary of C.G.C

Implementación de un Manual de Gestión Energética para Edificios Atendiendo las Necesidades Presentes y Futuras del Desempeño Energético

This research article was developed by implementing a manual for the improvement of energy performance in buildings seeking to reduce GHG emissions and thereby mitigate climate change, taking into account the current situation of the building located in the city of Puebla, Mexico. Determining their energy consumption by accounting for electronic equipment and asking the owners how long they are used, in the same way their carbon footprint was determined to serve as a parameter for the present and future of the building, they always seek to reduce it. With the data obtained through the implementation and the corresponding energy analysis, low or no-cost improvement proposals were determined before the building enters into operation.Este artículo de investigación se desarrolló al implementar un manual para la mejora del desempeño energético en edificios buscando reducir las emisiones de GEI y con esto mitigar el cambio climático, teniendo en cuenta la situación actual del edificio ubicado en la ciudad de Puebla, México. Determinando su consumo energético por medio de contabilizar los equipos electrónicos y preguntar a los dueños el tiempo que se usan los mismos, de igual manera se determinó su huella de carbono para que nos sirva como parámetro para el presente y futuro del edificio siempre buscan reducirla. Con los datos obtenidos por medio de la implementación y el análisis energético correspondiente se determinaron propuestas de mejora de bajo o nulo costo antes de que el edificio entre en operaciones.&nbsp;&nbsp

Pharmacological effects of mitraphylline from Uncaria tomentosa in primary human monocytes: Skew toward M2 macrophages

Ethnopharmacological relevance Uncaria tomentosa (Willdenow ex Roemer & Schultes) DC. (Rubiaceae) is a Peruvian thorny liana, commonly known as "cat's claw", and traditionally used in folk medicine to deal with several inflammatory diseases. Mitraphylline (MTP) is the most abundant pentacyclic oxindolic alkaloid (POA) from U. Tomentosa and has been reported to modify the inflammatory response. Herein, we have sought to identify the mechanisms underlying this modulatory effect of MTP on primary human monocytes and its ability to regulate differentiation processes on human primary monocyte and monocyte-derived macrophages. Material and methods In vitro studies with human primary monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages were performed. Monocytes and M0 macrophages were exposed to MTP (25 μM) and LPS (100 ng/mL). M0 macrophages were polarized to M1 and M2 phenotypes in the absence or presence of MTP. The activation state of monocytes/macrophages was assessed by flow cytometry, gene expression and protein analysis of different specific markers. Results In human primary monocytes, the incubation of MTP for 24 h reduced the number of classical (CD14++CD16-) and intermediate (CD14++CD16+) subsets when compared to untreated or LPS-treated cells. MTP also reduced the chemotactic capacity of human primary monocytes. In addition, MTP promoted the polarization of M0 macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, the abrogation of the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, IL-6 or IL-1β, as well as the restoration of markers for M2 macrophages in LPS-treated M1 macrophages. Conclusions Our results suggest that MTP may be a key modulator for regulating the plasticity of monocytes/macrophages and the attenuation of the inflammatory response

Datos preliminares sobre el papel del venado cola blanca Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) como dispersor de semillas

El papel del venado cola blanca como dispersor endozoócoro de semillas se evaluó a través de la estimación del número de semillas y especies encontradas en las muestras fecales, y el análisis del efecto del paso por el tracto digestivo sobre el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación en semillas de una especie focal (Acacia schaffneri). En total se encontraron 369 semillas en 98 grupos de pellets. La mayoría de las semillas se apreciaban dañadas o inmaduras, sólo 67 semillas (31 morfoespecies) germinaron. El porcentaje de germinación de semillas de A. schaffneri defecadas tendió a ser mayor que la germinación de semillas control. En nuestro estudio el venado figura como depredador de semillas y ocasionalmente como dispersor de semillas. Sin embargo, nuestros resultados con animales en cautiverio muestran que el venado puede incrementar el porcentaje de germinación de algunas especies.The role of white-tailed deer in endozoochorus seed dispersal was evaluated by estimating the number of seeds and seed species found in fecal samples and assessing the effect of gut passage on germination percentage and speed for a focal seed species (Acacia schaffneri). A total of 369 seeds were found in 98 pellet groups. Most seeds appeared to be damaged or immature, and only 67 seeds (31 morphospecies) germinated. Germination percentage of defecated seeds of A. schaffneri tended to be higher than germination of control seeds. In our study site white-tailed deer appears to be acting mainly as a seed predator for ingested seeds, and occasionally as a seed disperser. Nevertheless, our results using captive animals suggest that white-tailed deer may improve seed germination of particular plant species

Resultados De Una Propuesta Para Exponer Las Propiedades Básicas De Simetría De Moléculas A Un Grupo De Estudiantes Y Docentes De La Unidad Académica De Ciencias Básicas E Ingenierías De La Universidad Autónoma De Nayarit

Es bien sabido que “las matemáticas se usan para todo y en todo”, pero pocas veces identificamos realmente en dónde o cómo es que se involucra a esta ciencia. En la actualidad las ciencias y su estudio ya no tienen líneas que las delimiten, el investigador debe conocer diferentes ramas de la ciencia en aras de mejorar su investigación.En la Unidad Académica de Ciencias Básicas e Ingenierías se cuenta con cuatro ingenierías y la licenciatura en matemáticas y, en particular, ésta última tiene dos salidas terminales: Matemática aplicada y Matemática Educativa. Por tal razón de manera natural los otros Programas Académicos como Química, Mecánica, Electrónica y Control y Computación se ven influenciados por los profesores del Programa de Matemáticas y viceversa.En particular dentro de la química se estudian las estructuras de las moléculas y sus propiedades, propiedades que rigen su interacción y específicamente su “geometría”. La mayoría de las veces cuando se enseñan las propiedades de simetrías de las moléculas se muestra la teoría, algunos ejemplos, pero no se hace mucho énfasis en las propiedades geométricas de los componentes de las moléculas.La propuesta de este trabajo es mostrar los resultados obtenidos al exponer a un grupo de estudiantes y docentes de la U.A. de Ciencias Básicas e Ingenierías conceptos básicos de simetría de moléculas con el apoyo de un docente especialista en topología y un docente experto en química molecular de la misma área.Para este propósito se diseñó el material para exponer en dos partes teóricas y se utilizó la App libre 3D Sym Op disponible en Android y Apple y el software libre de la página web http://symmetry.otterbein.edu/index.html