Production yields at the distal fall-off of the β+ emitters 11C and 13N for in-vivo range verification in proton therapy

In proton therapy, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) range verification relies on the comparison of the measured and estimated activity distributions from β+ emitters produced by the proton beam in the patient. The accuracy of the estimated activity distributions is basically that of the underlying reaction cross section data. In this context, we have developed a new method for measuring β+ production yields combining the multi-foil technique with a clinical PET scanner, resulting in energy differential cross sections from a single irradiation. The method has been applied to the production of (t1/2 = 20.36 min) and (t1/2 = 9.97 min), the main candidates for off-line PET range verification, in carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, the main elements of the human body. The energy range studied with the 18 MeV CNA cyclotron corresponds to the distal fall-off of the activity curve, i.e. near the Bragg peak.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RYC-2014-15271, FPA2016- 77689-C2-1-R, RTI2018-098117-B-C2

Native American ancestry significantly contributes to neuromyelitis optica susceptibility in the admixed Mexican population

Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease with a higher prevalence in non-European populations. Because the Mexican population resulted from the admixture between mainly Native American and European populations, we used genome-wide microarray, HLA high-resolution typing and AQP4 gene sequencing data to analyze genetic ancestry and to seek genetic variants conferring NMO susceptibility in admixed Mexican patients. A total of 164 Mexican NMO patients and 1,208 controls were included. On average, NMO patients had a higher proportion of Native American ancestry than controls (68.1% vs 58.6%; p = 5 × 10–6). GWAS identified a HLA region associated with NMO, led by rs9272219 (OR = 2.48, P = 8 × 10–10). Class II HLA alleles HLA-DQB1*03:01, -DRB1*08:02, -DRB1*16:02, -DRB1*14:06 and -DQB1*04:02 showed the most significant associations with NMO risk. Local ancestry estimates suggest that all the NMO-associated alleles within the HLA region are of Native American origin. No novel or missense variants in the AQP4 gene were found in Mexican patients with NMO or multiple sclerosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study supporting the notion that Native American ancestry significantly contributes to NMO susceptibility in an admixed population, and is consistent with differences in NMO epidemiology in Mexico and Latin America.Fil: Romero Hidalgo, Sandra. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Flores Rivera, José. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Rivas Alonso, Verónica. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Barquera, Rodrigo. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; Alemania. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia; MéxicoFil: Villarreal Molina, María Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Antuna Puente, Bárbara. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Macias Kauffer, Luis Rodrigo. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Villalobos Comparán, Marisela. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Ortiz Maldonado, Jair. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Yu, Neng. American Red Cross; Estados UnidosFil: Lebedeva, Tatiana V.. American Red Cross; Estados UnidosFil: Alosco, Sharon M.. American Red Cross; Estados UnidosFil: García Rodríguez, Juan Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: González Torres, Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Rosas Madrigal, Sandra. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Ordoñez, Graciela. Neuroimmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Guerrero Camacho, Jorge Luis. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Treviño Frenk, Irene. American British Cowdray Medical Center; México. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Escamilla Tilch, Monica. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: García Lechuga, Maricela. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Tovar Méndez, Víctor Hugo. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Pacheco Ubaldo, Hanna. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Acuña Alonzo, Victor. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Bortolini, María Cátira. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Gallo, Carla. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Bedoya Berrío, Gabriel. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Rothhammer, Francisco. Universidad de Tarapacá; ChileFil: Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz Linares, Andrés. Colegio Universitario de Londres; Reino UnidoFil: Canizales Quinteros, Samuel. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Yunis, Edmond. Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Granados, Julio. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Corona, Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; Méxic

Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19

Resultados Semilleros de Investigación 2009-2010

La publicación recoge los doce informes finales de investigación presentados por los estudiantes de ocho Semilleros 1 y cuatro Semilleros 2, correspondientes a la convocatoria 2009–2010 y se constituye en el Número 25 de la Serie de Investigaciones en Construcción, si bien este es el primer Número publicado en formato digital que UNIJUS se permite poner a disposición no sólo de la comunidad universitaria, sino también de la sociedad colombiana e internacional, interesada en los temas estudiados por los jóvenes investigadores de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Effect of alirocumab on mortality after acute coronary syndromes. An analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES randomized clinical trial

Background: Previous trials of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9) inhibitors demonstrated reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events, but not death. We assessed the effects of alirocumab on death after index acute coronary syndrome. Methods: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab) was a double-blind, randomized comparison of alirocumab or placebo in 18 924 patients who had an ACS 1 to 12 months previously and elevated atherogenic lipoproteins despite intensive statin therapy. Alirocumab dose was blindly titrated to target achieved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between 25 and 50 mg/dL. We examined the effects of treatment on all-cause death and its components, cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death, with log-rank testing. Joint semiparametric models tested associations between nonfatal cardiovascular events and cardiovascular or noncardiovascular death. Results: Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Death occurred in 334 (3.5%) and 392 (4.1%) patients, respectively, in the alirocumab and placebo groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.98; P=0.03, nominal P value). This resulted from nonsignificantly fewer cardiovascular (240 [2.5%] vs 271 [2.9%]; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.05; P=0.15) and noncardiovascular (94 [1.0%] vs 121 [1.3%]; HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.01; P=0.06) deaths with alirocumab. In a prespecified analysis of 8242 patients eligible for ≥3 years follow-up, alirocumab reduced death (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.94; P=0.01). Patients with nonfatal cardiovascular events were at increased risk for cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths (P<0.0001 for the associations). Alirocumab reduced total nonfatal cardiovascular events (P<0.001) and thereby may have attenuated the number of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths. A post hoc analysis found that, compared to patients with lower LDL-C, patients with baseline LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L) had a greater absolute risk of death and a larger mortality benefit from alirocumab (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.90; Pinteraction=0.007). In the alirocumab group, all-cause death declined wit h achieved LDL-C at 4 months of treatment, to a level of approximately 30 mg/dL (adjusted P=0.017 for linear trend). Conclusions: Alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy has the potential to reduce death after acute coronary syndrome, particularly if treatment is maintained for ≥3 years, if baseline LDL-C is ≥100 mg/dL, or if achieved LDL-C is low. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01663402

Análisis de las upz 90 Pardo Rubio y upz 57 Gran Yomasa para la implementación de una guía que permita evaluar la vulnerabilidad de las edificaciones residenciales

El alcance de este proyecto de grado es definido en una línea de investigación descriptiva en donde se busca que los habitantes de las UPZ 90 Pardo Rubio Y UPZ 57 Gran Yomasa, tengan una cartilla la cual les permita realizar un diagnóstico en donde puedan encontrar y tener conocimiento de las falencias constructivas de sus viviendas y así mismo sepan que se debe hacer dado su nivel de vulnerabilidad con el fin de que puedan prevenir pérdidas de las mismas o una catástrofe. Para lograr esto, se inicia un proceso de investigación en donde se toma como objetivo el análisis de las condiciones urbanas de dos unidades de planeamiento zonal UPZ 90 Pardo Rubio Y UPZ 57 Gran Yomasa, basándose en las construcciones de las viviendas de uno y dos pisos que se encuentran habitadas y pueden correr peligro antes cualquier percance. Teniendo en cuenta que una UPZ tiene como propósito servir como unidad funcional para planificar el desarrollo de un territorio a nivel zonal y de igual forma, de acuerdo con el Decreto 190 de 2004, las UPZ se promueven como estructuras de análisis, con el fin de determinar entre otros condiciones de edificabilidad y por ende mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de los habitantes, el presente trabajo de grado aborda a esta escala la ciudad, para que se obtenga un análisis de las condiciones urbanas de dos sectores de la ciudad que tienen características distintas pero que se intersectan en algunos temas

Memoria del tercer encuentro internacional sobre el poder en el pasado y el presente de América Latina

Este volumen está compuesto por diecisiete trabajos que abordan temas relativos a las manifestaciones, tanto democráticas como autoritarias, de un aspecto de la realidad que está presente en la vida de toas las personas: el poder. En ocasiones, constituyen reflexiones teóricas, pero en su mayoría enfrentan problemas sobre el pasado y presente de México, sin omitir el proceso electoral que culminará en las elecciones que ya están inmersas la clase política y la opinión pública del país

Diagnóstico y erradicación de la violencia - grupo violencia

IP 0101-10-001-87cotidiano, lo social y lo politico / Olga Amparo Sanchez,MarthaLucia Uribe -- La familia y la socializacion;de la violencia / Maria Himelda Ramirez -- Violencia y mediosdecomunicacion / Ramon Jimeno, Ana Maria Cano; Violencia y medios de comunicacion / Arturo Guerrero --Violencia y medios de comunicacion Guillermo Callej;M.;carcelaria en Colombia / Annette Pearson, Jesus Antonio Muñoz--Violenciaintrafamiliar : una mirada desde lo;Cauca : la violencia en el cauca vision sintetica -- Economiade la violencia / Salomon Kalmanovitz -- La;violencia y el problema agrario / Alejandro Reyes Posada -'- Reforma politica y proceso de paz / Alvaro;Echeverry Uruburu -- La violencia y los pueblos indigenasde hoy/ VictorManuel Bonilla S. -- Administracion;de justicia y nuevo codigo penal / Humberto Rendon Arango'-- Politica internacional y pacificacion nacional /;Juan Tokatlian, Rodrigo Pardo -- La crisis de la justiciay lasacciones requeridas para su transformacion /;Jorge Acevedo B. -- El aumento de la violencia delincuencial estambien una expresion de la crisis del derecho;penal / Pastor Alberto Acevedo -- Investigacion criminologica:homicidiosen Cali 1980 - 1985 / Jaime Patiño;'-- organizaciones populares- civiles e institucionalizacion /Carlos Vicente de Roux -- La violencia;[et al.] -- Manifestaciones de violencia en la zona esmeraldifera y el occidente de Boyaca / Javier Guerrero;Baron -- Bases para un posible estatuto del indigena / AdolfoTriana Antorveza -- Violencia y Colonizacion /;Alfredo Molano -- El programa de inversiones del PNR y elPPAyla inversion publica en la actual coyuntura /;Alberto Corchuelo -- Inspecciones de policia / Luisa MargaritaH. de Yepes'-- Consejo Regional indigena del;LIBROS: Colombia : violencia y democracia informe presentado aMinisteriode Gobierno / Jaime Arocha R. ..

De los métodos y las maneras, número 9

Por novena ocasión el Posgrado en Diseño de la división de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño, en colaboración con el comité organizador de “De los métodos y las maneras”, logró reunir investigaciones de especialistas en el ámbito del diseño y la investigación, así como de alumnos de cuatro de las siete líneas de investigación del posgrado de diseño. Este libro constata la persistencia en presentar temas en torno a las metodologías para hacer investigación en Diseño, además de ser una herramienta teórico - práctica, para apoyar tanto a docentes como estudiantes de los posgrados en diseño.Coordinación del Posgrado de Ciencias y Artes para el DiseñoSalvador Ulises Islas Barajas, coordinador; Sandra Rodríguez Mondragón, editora; Martín Lucas Flores Carapia, Ilustración de portada

How do women living with HIV experience menopause? Menopausal symptoms, anxiety and depression according to reproductive age in a multicenter cohort

CatedresBackground: To estimate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression and to assess the differences according to menopausal status among women living with HIV aged 45-60 years from the cohort of Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network (CoRIS). Methods: Women were interviewed by phone between September 2017 and December 2018 to determine whether they had experienced menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression. The Menopause Rating Scale was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of symptoms related to menopause in three subscales: somatic, psychologic and urogenital; and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire was used for anxiety/depression. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of association between menopausal status, and other potential risk factors, the presence and severity of somatic, psychological and urogenital symptoms and of anxiety/depression. Results: Of 251 women included, 137 (54.6%) were post-, 70 (27.9%) peri- and 44 (17.5%) pre-menopausal, respectively. Median age of onset menopause was 48 years (IQR 45-50). The proportions of pre-, peri- and post-menopausal women who had experienced any menopausal symptoms were 45.5%, 60.0% and 66.4%, respectively. Both peri- and post-menopause were associated with a higher likelihood of having somatic symptoms (aOR 3.01; 95% CI 1.38-6.55 and 2.63; 1.44-4.81, respectively), while post-menopause increased the likelihood of having psychological (2.16; 1.13-4.14) and urogenital symptoms (2.54; 1.42-4.85). By other hand, post-menopausal women had a statistically significant five-fold increase in the likelihood of presenting severe urogenital symptoms than pre-menopausal women (4.90; 1.74-13.84). No significant differences by menopausal status were found for anxiety/depression. Joint/muscle problems, exhaustion and sleeping disorders were the most commonly reported symptoms among all women. Differences in the prevalences of vaginal dryness (p = 0.002), joint/muscle complaints (p = 0.032), and sweating/flush (p = 0.032) were found among the three groups. Conclusions: Women living with HIV experienced a wide variety of menopausal symptoms, some of them initiated before women had any menstrual irregularity. We found a higher likelihood of somatic symptoms in peri- and post-menopausal women, while a higher likelihood of psychological and urogenital symptoms was found in post-menopausal women. Most somatic symptoms were of low or moderate severity, probably due to the good clinical and immunological situation of these women