Scelte di risparmio e di portafoglio: un'applicazione al caso dei fondi pensione in Italia

La tesi è suddivisa in quattro capitoli in cui si affrontano varie tematiche. Il primo capitolo tratta del risparmio e della ricchezza in Italia e in Europa, evidenziando tramite opportuni grafici aggiornati quali sono i tassi di risparmio e la propensione al risparmio delle famiglie, l'andamento del PIL reale, la ricchezza e la relativa composizione. Si pone l'attenzione inoltre sull'impatto che la recente crisi finanziaria ha avuto su risparmio e ricchezza delle famiglie. Il secondo capitolo tratta invece la teoria delle scelte in condizione di incertezza, in particolare si approfondiscono la teoria dell'utilità attesa di Von Neumann - Morgenstern e il modello media - varianza delle scelte di portafoglio. Si analizzano inoltre le frontiere dei portafogli, alcuni indici di performance delle attività finanziarie, e infine il teorema di separazone. Il terzo capitolo contiene invece un'analisi approfondita della previdenza complementare in Italia: si descrivono i sistemi pensionistici esistenti, si analizza la relativa evoluzione avvenuta in Italia con il susseguirsi delle varie riforme. Si parla poi di fondi pensione, rappresentando con alcuni grafici la realtà italiana e analizzando anche in questo caso le riforme che si sono susseguite. Infine in questo capitolo si amplia il campo di osservazione confrontando la realtà italiana con il resto del mondo. Il quarto capitolo è una simulazione e un confronto tra quanto un lavoratore otterrebbe tenendo il TFR in azienda e quanto otterrebbe invece conferendo il proprio TFR in un fondo pensione. Si va quindi ad analizzare quale delle due soluzioni dà maggior vantaggio al lavoratore, sia in uno scenario base che variando alcuni parametri

Clinical and treatment features associated with improved 5-year survival rate in ALK-positive lung cancer treated with ALK-TKIs

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Giornata di studi - Dottorato in Storia, culture e politiche del globale

La Giornata di studi è un incontro organizzato all'interno del Dottorato di ricerca in Storia, culture e politiche del globale, corso di dottorato interdipartimentale del Dipartimento di Storia Culture Civiltà (DiSCi) e del Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche e Sociali (SPS). L'occasione è utile ai/alle dottorandi/e del primo anno di corso per discutere i primi progressi della ricerca dottorale con un/a esperto/a del proprio campo di studi. Giunto alla sue seconda edizione, l'incontro si è tenuto l'8-9 maggio 2019 preso l'aula Gambi del DiSCi

Correlation among different KRAS alterations, genetic co-mutations and PD-L1 expression in patients treated with immunotherapy in metastatic NSCLC

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Contribution of Rare and Low-Frequency Variants to Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility in the Italian Continental Population

Genome-wide association studies identified over 200 risk loci for multiple sclerosis (MS) focusing on common variants, which account for about 50% of disease heritability. The goal of this study was to investigate whether low-frequency and rare functional variants, located in MS-established associated loci, may contribute to disease risk in a relatively homogeneous population, testing their cumulative effect (burden) with gene-wise tests. We sequenced 98 genes in 588 Italian patients with MS and 408 matched healthy controls (HCs). Variants were selected using different filtering criteria based on allelic frequency and in silico functional impacts. Genes showing a significant burden (n = 17) were sequenced in an independent cohort of 504 MS and 504 HC. The highest signal in both cohorts was observed for the disruptive variants (stop-gain, stop-loss, or splicing variants) located in EFCAB13, a gene coding for a protein of an unknown function (p < 10(-4)). Among these variants, the minor allele of a stop-gain variant showed a significantly higher frequency in MS versus HC in both sequenced cohorts (p = 0.0093 and p = 0.025), confirmed by a meta-analysis on a third independent cohort of 1298 MS and 1430 HC (p = 0.001) assayed with an SNP array. Real-time PCR on 14 heterozygous individuals for this variant did not evidence the presence of the stop-gain allele, suggesting a transcript degradation by non-sense mediated decay, supported by the evidence that the carriers of the stop-gain variant had a lower expression of this gene (p = 0.0184). In conclusion, we identified a novel low-frequency functional variant associated with MS susceptibility, suggesting the possible role of rare/low-frequency variants in MS as reported for other complex diseases

A Functional Variant in ERAP1 Predisposes to Multiple Sclerosis

The ERAP1 gene encodes an aminopeptidase involved in antigen processing. A functional polymorphism in the gene (rs30187, Arg528Lys) associates with susceptibility to ankylosying spondylitis (AS), whereas a SNP in the interacting ERAP2 gene increases susceptibility to another inflammatory autoimmune disorder, Crohn's disease (CD). We analysed rs30187 in 572 Italian patients with CD and in 517 subjects suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS); for each cohort, an independent sex- and age-matched control group was genotyped. The frequency of the 528Arg allele was significantly higher in both disease cohorts compared to the respective control population (for CD, OR = 1.20 95%CI: 1.01–1.43, p = 0.036; for RRMS, OR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.04–1.51, p = 0.01). Meta-analysis with the Wellcome Trust Cases Control Consortium GWAS data confirmed the association with MS (pmeta = 0.005), but not with CD. In AS, the rs30187 variant has a predisposing effect only in an HLA-B27 allelic background. It remains to be evaluated whether interaction between ERAP1 and distinct HLA class I alleles also affects the predisposition to MS, and explains the failure to provide definitive evidence for a role of rs30187 in CD. Results herein support the emerging concept that a subset of master-regulatory genes underlay the pathogenesis of autoimmunity

"Delirium Day": A nationwide point prevalence study of delirium in older hospitalized patients using an easy standardized diagnostic tool

Background: To date, delirium prevalence in adult acute hospital populations has been estimated generally from pooled findings of single-center studies and/or among specific patient populations. Furthermore, the number of participants in these studies has not exceeded a few hundred. To overcome these limitations, we have determined, in a multicenter study, the prevalence of delirium over a single day among a large population of patients admitted to acute and rehabilitation hospital wards in Italy. Methods: This is a point prevalence study (called "Delirium Day") including 1867 older patients (aged 65 years or more) across 108 acute and 12 rehabilitation wards in Italian hospitals. Delirium was assessed on the same day in all patients using the 4AT, a validated and briefly administered tool which does not require training. We also collected data regarding motoric subtypes of delirium, functional and nutritional status, dementia, comorbidity, medications, feeding tubes, peripheral venous and urinary catheters, and physical restraints. Results: The mean sample age was 82.0 ± 7.5 years (58 % female). Overall, 429 patients (22.9 %) had delirium. Hypoactive was the commonest subtype (132/344 patients, 38.5 %), followed by mixed, hyperactive, and nonmotoric delirium. The prevalence was highest in Neurology (28.5 %) and Geriatrics (24.7 %), lowest in Rehabilitation (14.0 %), and intermediate in Orthopedic (20.6 %) and Internal Medicine wards (21.4 %). In a multivariable logistic regression, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.05), Activities of Daily Living dependence (OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.12-1.27), dementia (OR 3.25, 95 % CI 2.41-4.38), malnutrition (OR 2.01, 95 % CI 1.29-3.14), and use of antipsychotics (OR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.45-2.82), feeding tubes (OR 2.51, 95 % CI 1.11-5.66), peripheral venous catheters (OR 1.41, 95 % CI 1.06-1.87), urinary catheters (OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.30-2.29), and physical restraints (OR 1.84, 95 % CI 1.40-2.40) were associated with delirium. Admission to Neurology wards was also associated with delirium (OR 2.00, 95 % CI 1.29-3.14), while admission to other settings was not. Conclusions: Delirium occurred in more than one out of five patients in acute and rehabilitation hospital wards. Prevalence was highest in Neurology and lowest in Rehabilitation divisions. The "Delirium Day" project might become a useful method to assess delirium across hospital settings and a benchmarking platform for future surveys

Proceedings of the Fifth Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics CLiC-it 2018

On behalf of the Program Committee, a very warm welcome to the Fifth Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics (CLiC-­‐it 2018). This edition of the conference is held in Torino. The conference is locally organised by the University of Torino and hosted into its prestigious main lecture hall “Cavallerizza Reale”. The CLiC-­‐it conference series is an initiative of the Italian Association for Computational Linguistics (AILC) which, after five years of activity, has clearly established itself as the premier national forum for research and development in the fields of Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing, where leading researchers and practitioners from academia and industry meet to share their research results, experiences, and challenges

The metabolic signature of cardiorespiratory fitness: a systematic review

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a potent health marker, improvement of which leads to reduced incidence of non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Identifying metabolic signatures associated with CRF could reveal how CRF fosters human health and lead to the development of novel health-monitoring strategies. This study systematically reviewed reported associations between CRF and metabolites measured in human tissues and body fluids. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched from database inception to June 3, 2021. Metabolomics studies reporting metabolites associated with CRF, measured by means of cardiopulmonary exercise test, were deemed eligible. Backward and forward citation tracking on eligible records were used to complement the results of database searching. Risk of bias at the study level was assessed using QUADOMICS Results: Twenty-two studies were included and 667 metabolites, measured in plasma (n=619), serum (n=18), skeletal muscle (n=16), urine (n=11) or sweat (n=3), were identified. Lipids were the metabolites most commonly positively (n=174) and negatively (n=274) associated with CRF. Specific circulating glycerophospholipids (n=85) and cholesterol esters (n=17) were positively associated with CRF, while circulating glycerolipids (n=152), glycerophospholipids (n=42), acylcarnitines (n=14) and ceramides (n=12) were negatively associated with CRF. Interestingly, muscle acylcarnitines were positively correlated to CRF (n=15). Conclusion: CRF was associated with circulating and muscle lipidome composition. Causality of the revealed associations at the molecular species level remains to be investigated further. Finally, included studies were heterogenous in terms of participants’ characteristics, analytical and statistical approaches PROSPERO registration number: CRD4202021437