Society and State Responsibilities for Security in the Digital Network Space: The Opinions of Citizens and Experts

This article is devoted to the study of the role of state bodies and civil structures in ensuring the security of the digital network space. The purpose of this work was to determine the subjective opinions of citizens about the boundaries of society and state responsibility for security in the digital network space. This sociological study included a combined online and offline survey, as well as a survey of experts. A sample of 1,000 respondents aged 16 years and older was recruited, which was representative on gender and age grounds. The sample for the expert survey consisted of 90 specialists across areas of activity. Based on the results, the authors concluded that in order to legitimize power, it is necessary to re-distinguish states and societies from the responsibility of ensuring personal and public security. Respondents considered the state and society to be equally responsible for the moral components of personal security, and that the state is responsible for protecting the personal data of citizens and ensuring public security. Experts were inclined to believe that both personal and public security in the digital network environment should be provided by authorities. Keywords: digitalization, responsibility, state, society, security, digital network spac

Interaction Between Public Authorities and Stakeholders in Social Media (Comparative Analysis of the Regional Practician)

The wide functionality of social media allows the authorities of the territorial subject to choose a variety of models for using this information resource for organizing interaction in the space of public communications. The purpose of the present research is to explore the practice of public authorities organizing interaction with stakeholders in social media. The study took into consideration official accounts of regional state and municipal structures, as well as regional accounts of federal executive authorities in social networks ”Vkontakte”, ”Odnoklassniki”, Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. The analysis has shown that in the median region, the number of government accounts is almost twice as high as the social network “Vkontakte”, while the structure of official accounts of Moscow authorities is more differentiated by social networks. Despite a 10-fold increase in the number of Muscovites over residents of the Kursk region, the share of subscribers to official government accounts in them among the General population is comparable. The intensity of the use of feedback forms for official accounts of the authorities of the Kursk region exceeds similar indicators of Moscow city. But at the same time, the publication activity of official accounts the Kursk region authorities is lower than in Moscow. Keywords: public administration, regional governance, public communications, social media, stakeholder

Charity/philanthropy: methodology for cartographic research of a social concept and a mock-up demonstration of its application

In response to the growing flow of research in the context of knowledge transforming into a powerful factor of social change, there is a need for compact and economical forms of knowledge representation. The aim of this work is to develop principles for a cartographic representation of studies of various aspects of social concepts published in academic journals. The concept of charity/philanthropy was chosen as a test sample due to the pronounced ambiguity of its content and the presence of a number of its terminological designations. The methodological framework of the study is represented by the Foucauldian analysis of discourse formation and the theory of relationship between linguistic, mental and factual forms of social concepts. For a cartographic representation of distribution of meanings and elements of the concept, the PolyAnalyst platform and the VoSViewer software tool were used. The authors obtained the following results: (1) substantiated the presence of a coordinate markup as the main attribute of the cartographic representation of a social concept, and shown its difference from network visualization; (2) developed the methodology for determining the coordinate axes that ensure a meaningful reading and understanding of the map, based on identifying lines of tension in the discourse of the concept; (3) proposed the scheme for producing a cartographic overview of the social concept discourse and tested it using the example of charity/philanthropy; (4) identified the signs of a pragmatic turn in charity/philanthropy research; they are clearly identifiable in certain areas of the obtained map. The study makes it possible to obtain compact representations of distributions of elements of social concepts, to form pools of their homogeneous meanings for producing systematic reviews, developing research plans and determining directions of changes in relevant phenomena

Property change in multifunctional TiCxOy thin films: Effect of the O/Ti ratio

TiCxOy films with various O/Ti ratios have been deposited by DC magnetron sputtering, using C pieces incrusted in a Ti target erosion area. Composition analysis revealed the existence of three different growth regimes: (i) zone I, corresponding to films with metallic-like appearance, and atomic ratios O/Ti below one; (ii) zone II, with films revealing interference-like colours, and atomic ratios O/Ti higher than 2. Between these two regions, there was a transition zone T, where the atomic ratio O/Ti is between one and two. The films within this zone revealed a brown colour. X-ray diffraction (XRD) structural characterization results showed an evolution from a mixed Ti(C,O) phase at lower O/Ti ratio, to a quasi-amorphous structure within zone T, and poorly crystallized rutile and anatase TiO2 at the highest O/Ti ratios (zone II). These different structural arrangements resulting from different film's compositions had clear effects on electrical resistivity, whose values increased from about 7 × 102 to 2 × 1011 [mu][Omega] cm with increase of the O/Ti ratio. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to further confirm the different nature of films structure and, thus, to better understand their properties variation. The observed behaviour was found to be in straight correlation with those of XRD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TW0-4KWK0WW-3/1/f0de0f5875ba8dd82aec3345e10bf93