Department of Animal Sciences research and reviews: beef

The use of conservation reserve program land for grazing cattle / S. L. Boyles, M. L. Mohler, B. W. Stoll, and J. J. Hoorman -- Poultry manure as a protein and mineral supplement in high concentrate diets limit-fed to gestating and lactating beef cows / J. E. Rossi and S. C. Loerch -- Effects of crude protein level in diets of feedlot steers fed to achieve step-wise increases in rate of gain / J. E. Rossi, S. C. Loerch, and F. L. Fluharty -- Effects of crude protein level in diets of feedlot steers during periods of compensatory growth in steer fed to achieve step-wise increases in rate of gain / J. E. Rossi, S. C. Loerch, and F. L. Fluharty -- Effect of weaning age and implant regimen. I. steer performance / J. P. Schoonmaker, F. L. Fluharty, T. B. Turner, S. J. Moeller, and S. C. Loerch -- Effects of season and selection for high vs. low blood serum insulin-like growth factor I concentration on reproductive performance of cows / A. Yilmaz , M. E. Davis, and R. C. M. Simmen -- Effects of season and selection for high vs. low blood serum insulin-like growth factor I concentration on reproductive performance of bulls / A. Yilmaz, M. E. Davis, and R. C. M. Simmen / Genetic parameter estimates for serum insulin-like growth factor Ii concentration and carcass traits in angus beef cattle / M. E. Davis and R. C. M. Simmen -- The future for red meat in human diets / Herbert W. Ockerman and Norma Fensel -- Effect of weaning age and implant regimen II. Carcass characteristics of steers / J. P. Schoonmaker, F. L. Fluharty, T. B. Turner, D. M. Wulf, S. J. Moeller, and S. C. Loerc

Retrograde venous perfusion with hypothermic saline and adenosine for protection of the ischemic spinal cord

Purpose: Spinal cord injury and the resultant postoperative paraplegia are devastating complications of thoracic aortic surgery, for which no widely accepted protective interventions exist. We hypothesized that retrograde venous perfusion-cooling of the spinal cord with a hypothermic saline and adenosine solution would protect it from ischemic injury caused by thoracic aortic occlusion

Department of Animal Sciences research and reviews: poultry and swine

Skeletal muscle collagen organization may be associated with proteoglycan expression / Sandra G. Velleman -- Influence of adult body weight and egg weight on hatching time in selected and random bred control lines of turkeys / K. E. Nestor and D. O. Noble -- Effect of crossing a line selected for increased shank width with two commercial sire lines on performance and walking ability of turkeys / Karl E. Nestor and John W. Anderson -- The energy used for maintenance each day by broiler chickens / David Latshaw and Matthew Toussant -- Variation at microsatellite loci in the large white, Yorkshire, and Hampshire breeds of swine / S. L. Kacirek, K. M. Irvin, P. I. Dimsoski, M. E. Davis, and H. C. Hines -- The estimation of maternal and individual heterosis in Yorkshire, large white, and Hampshire swine and their crosses / M. J. Barhorst, K. M. Irvin, S. J. Moeller, and S. M. Neal -- Investigation of the estrogen receptor gene and its association with reproductive tract traits in swine / B. Isler, K. M. Irvin, and S. M. Neal -- Effects of exogenous testosterone on follicular responsiveness to gonadotrophins during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in gilts / M. B. Cunningham and W. F. Pope -- Evaluation of the further-processing quality of ham muscles from Hampshire hogs / C. L. Knipe, D. L. Meeker, B. D. Paxton, S. J. Moeller, K. M. Irvin, D. M. Wulf, and R. C. Emnett -- Frequency and effects of the napole gene in the U.S. pork industry / D. L. Meeker, S. J. Moeller, K. M. Irvin, D. M. Wulf, C. L. Knipe, and R. C. Emnet

Tumour exosome integrins determine organotropic metastasis

Ever since Stephen Paget’s 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one of cancer’s greatest mysteries. Here we demonstrate that exosomes from mouse and human lung-, liver- and brain-tropic tumour cells fuse preferentially with resident cells at their predicted destination, namely lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells, liver Kupffer cells and brain endothelial cells. We show that tumour-derived exosomes uptaken by organ-specific cells prepare the pre-metastatic niche. Treatment with exosomes from lung-tropic models redirected the metastasis of bone-tropic tumour cells. Exosome proteomics revealed distinct integrin expression patterns, in which the exosomal integrins α(6)β(4) and α(6)β(1) were associated with lung metastasis, while exosomal integrin α(v)β(5) was linked to liver metastasis. Targeting the integrins α(6)β(4) and α(v)β(5) decreased exosome uptake, as well as lung and liver metastasis, respectively. We demonstrate that exosome integrin uptake by resident cells activates Src phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory S100 gene expression. Finally, our clinical data indicate that exosomal integrins could be used to predict organ-specific metastasis