1,771 research outputs found
SOLUBILITY LIMIT OF DOPANTS IN SILICON IRRADIATED BY RUBY LASER
The solubility of several dopants (Sb, Ga, Bi, In) in laser treated silicon has been investigated. The dopants were introduced by vacuum deposition followed by a ruby laser irradiation. Their solubility was determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry measurements in channeling and random conditions. In all cases a solubility limit Cmℓ higher than the equilibrium solubility was found and a simple correlation with the equilibrium distribution coefficient kO could be established : Cmℓ = 8.6 × 1021 k0.51O cm-3
Relationship between erythema of the proximal nailfold in HIV-infected patients and hepatitis C virus infection
Fracture Roughness Scaling: a case study on planar cracks
Using a multi-resolution technique, we analyze large in-plane fracture fronts
moving slowly between two sintered Plexiglas plates. We find that the roughness
of the front exhibits two distinct regimes separated by a crossover length
scale . Below , we observe a multi-affine regime and the
measured roughness exponent is in
agreement with the coalescence model. Above , the fronts are
mono-affine, characterized by a roughness exponent , consistent with the fluctuating line model. We relate the
crossover length scale to fluctuations in fracture toughness and the stress
intensity factor
PULSED ELECTRON BEAM ANNEALING OF As AND B IMPLANTED SILICON
p-type (100) silicon wafers have been implanted either by As or B ions at 20 and 200 keV energies and doses of 1016cm-2. Pulsed electron beam annealing has been performed with fluences of 1.1 and 1.4 J/cm2 using a mean electron energy of 15 keV. The pulse duration was 50 ns. The annealed layers have been investigated by Rutherford backscattering under random and channeling conditions and by S.I.M.S. profiling. Good crystal regrowth and high dopant activation occur in all cases except for the 200 keV Boron implant. Impurities redistribution is observed but no significant segregation effects appear. The experimental profiles are in good agreement with a diffusion model using a modified green function solution and taking into account dopant diffusion in liquid phase and the computed melt front location. The deduced diffusion coefficient are in the 5.10-5cm2/s range for boron and 2.10-4cm2/s range for arsenic
INTERACTION BETWEEN ARGON AND DOPANTS IN SPUTTERED a-Si : H
The concentrations of As, B, H, Ar and Si in sputtered a-Si : H are measured by helium Rutherford backscattering and nuclear reactions analysis. Excess or deficit of hydrogen and argon by comparison with intrinsic a-Si : H are found in presence of dopants at high deposition rate. This is related to the plasma deposition method and would suggest micro grain structure in the deposited layer
Determination of left ventricular wall thickness and muscle mass by intravenous digital subtractionangiocardiography: validation of the method
Left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and muscle mass are important measures of LV hypertrophy. In 24 patients LV end-diastolic wall thickness and muscle mass were determined (two observers) by digital subtraction angiocardiography (DSA) and conventional LV angiocardiography (LVA). Wall thickness was determined over the anterolateral wall of the left ventricle according to the technique of Rackley (method 1) or by planimetry (method 2). Seventeen patients were studied at rest and seven during dynamic exercise. Wall thickness correlated well between LVA and DSA; the best correlations were obtained by a combined subtraction mode using either method 1 or 2 (method 1, r≥0-80; method2, r≥0. 75). The standard error of estimate of the mean (SEE) was slightly lower for method 2 (≤ 10%) than for method 1 (≤ 13%). DSA significantly overestimated wall thickness by 5-7% with method 1 and underestimated by 12-14% with method 2. Muscle mass correlated well between LVA and DSA; the SEE was ≤ 15% for method 1 and≤ 12% for method 2. Overestimation of muscle mass by DSA was 7-11% with method 1 and underestimation was 13-15% with method 2.It is concluded that LV wall thickness can be determined accurately by DSA with an SEE ranging between 10 and 13%. Determination of LV muscle mass is slightly less accurate and the SEE is slightly larger ranging between 13 to 17%. With method 1, wall thickness and muscle mass were over estimated and with method 2 underestimate
Quantum Critical Behavior in Disordered Itinerant Ferromagnets: Instability of the Ferromagnetic Phase
An effective field theory is derived that describes the quantum critical
behavior of itinerant ferromagnets as the transition is approached from the
ferromagnetic phase. This complements a recent study of the critical behavior
on the paramagnetic side of the phase transition, and investigates the role of
the ferromagnetic Goldstone modes near criticality. We find that the Goldstone
modes have no direct impact on the critical behavior, and that the critical
exponents are the same as determined by combining results from the paramagnetic
phase with scaling arguments.Comment: 11 pp., revtex4, no fig
Preferences of patients, clinicians, and healthy controls for the management of a Bethesda III thyroid nodule
Background: Active surveillance is propagated as an alternative for hemithyroidectomy in the management of Bethesda III thyroid nodules. Methods: A cross-sectional survey questioned respondents on their willingness to accept risks related to active surveillance and hemithyroidectomy. Results: In case of active surveillance, respondents (129 patients, 46 clinicians, and 66 healthy controls) were willing to accept a risk of 10%–15% for thyroid cancer and 15% for needing more extensive surgery in the future. Respondents were willing to accept a risk of 22.5%–30% for hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy. Patients and controls were willing to accept a higher risk on permanent voice changes compared with clinicians (10% vs. 3%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Real-life risks associated which active surveillance and hemithyroidectomy for Bethesda III nodules are equivalent or less than the risks people are willing to accept. Clinicians accepted less risk for permanent voice changes
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