Декор ліпного посуду з кургану раннього залізного віку біля с. Івангород на Кіровоградщині

У статті розглядаються особливості декору ліпного посуду з кургану раннього залізного віку біля с. Івангород у системі зв’язків фракійської та ранньоскіфської культур

Typologien von Unternehmenskrisen im Wandel

Ausgehend von einer im Jahre 1983 durchgeführten Untersuchung von 72 Fällen zu Typen von Unternehmenskrisen wird eine Studie vorgelegt, die mit gleichem Erhebungsinstrumentarium auf ein vergleichbares, aber deutlich aktuelleres Erhebungsmaterial von 53 kritischen Unternehmensreportagen im ManagerMagazin zurückgreift. Durch diese Studie kann die traditionelle Typologie aktualisiert werden. Eine zweite, explorative Studie von 19 Fällen analysiert Unternehmenskrisen im Zeitablauf, wie sie unter dem Stichwort „Insolvenzursachen" in Insolvenzplänen beschrieben sind. Im Ergebnis werden Hypothesen zur Dynamik der Unternehmenskrise und zur Wechselwirkung der Krisenursachen entwickelt.Point of reference is an investigation revealing a typology of critical constellations in 72 firms, dating from 1983. Using the same research methodology, a sample of 53 cases has been investigated, which have been critically commented in the Journal ManagerMagazin between 1992 and 2001. Thus, the traditional typology can be supplemented and partly substituted by a more actual view. Furthermore, we provide an exploratory investigation on the crisis dynamics as well as the interrelations with its causes. This investigation is based on reorganization plans of 19 insolvent firms

Lewiston Journal Article, Meat Petition

Newspaper article on meat processing as it pertains to Mailhot\u27s Sausage. (photocopy)https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/michaud-mailhot/1001/thumbnail.jp

Lewiston Journal Article, Meat Inspection

Letter on the debate to regulate meat production under current state or federal inspection regulations.https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/michaud-mailhot/1002/thumbnail.jp

Perineal hernia : retrospective study of contralateral hernia after unilateral surgery

Bakgrund: Det har föreslagits att perinealbråck hos hundar möjligtvis ska betraktas som en bilateral företeelse istället för unilateral. Det finns dock endast begränsad mängd data med avseende på risk för kontralateral operation efter åtgärd av unilateralt bråck. Syfte: Hypotesen var att behov av operation på kontralateral sida var sällsynt. Målet med studien var att undersöka förekomsten av kontralateral operation efter ett unilateralt ingrepp hos hund diagnostiserad med och behandlad för unilateralt perinealbråck. Metod och Material: En retrospektiv kohortstudie genomfördes där en sökning gjordes på debiteringskoder för operation av perinealbråck omfattande en period över tio år. Journaler som identifierades i sökningen analyserades. Sökningen avgränsades till operationer genomförda under åren 2009–2018 vid universitetsdjursjukhuset i Uppsala, Sverige. Gruppering av hundarna genomfördes från grupp ett till fem, där grupp ett bestod av de hundar med initialt enkelsidigt bråck, grupp två bestod av de initialt dubbelsidiga hundarna, grupp tre bestod av de hundar med tydligt bråck på ena sidan och med måttligt bråck på motsatta sidan, grupp fyra bestod av de hundar med tydligt bråck på ena sidan och ett lindrigt bråck på den motsatta sidan och grupp fem bestod av de hundar som hade tydligt bråck på ena sidan men motsatta sidan hade inget utvecklat bråck utan endast kommentar om bland annat försvagad muskulatur. I en fördjupad analys kontaktades vissa av djurägarna till grupp ett, alltså de hundarna med endast initialt enkelsidigt perinealbråck, som inte hade någon notering om försvagning i muskelväggen eller ett ytterligare bråck på den kontralaterala sidan. De djurägare där informationen saknades, om deras hund hade behövt uppsöka veterinärvård på grund av att ett kontralateralt bråck uppstått eller ej, kontaktades. Metoderna som användes vid kontaktande av djurägarna var telefonsamtal och SMS. Frågor som ställdes var bland annat om hunden hade utvecklat problem med den kontralaterala sidan och om det i så fall hade behövts åtgärdas kirurgiskt samt ålder på hunden vid uppkomst av eventuella problem. Om hunden var avliden ställdes frågan om hunden avlidit till följd av perinealbråcket eller av annan orsak. Resultat: Studien identifierade totalt 80 hanhundar. Grupp ett, initialt enkelsidigt bråck, bestod av 30 hundar. Grupp två, initialt dubbelsidiga bråck, konstaterades hos 24 hundar. Grupp tre bestod av två hundar som registrerades med tydligt bråck på ena sidan och måttligt bråck på den motsatta sidan. Grupp fyra bestod av fem hundar som registrerades med tydligt bråck på ena sidan och lindrigt bråck på motsatta sidan. Grupp fem bestod av 19 hundar som registrerades med tydligt bråck på ena sidan och en journalanteckning att motsatta sidans muskulatur uppfattades som slapp eller mer eftergivlig, utifrån en subjektiv bedömning vid rektalpalpation. Totala antalet registrerade operationer blev 98 varav 33 exklusive kastration och 65 inklusive kastration. 15 hundar opererades bilateralt i två steg varav 14 av dem var registrerade som grupp 2, initial som dubbelsidiga bråck, och en hund registrerades i grupp 5, slapp muskulatur på den motsatta sidan. Medelåldern vid operation av perinealbråck var 8,3 år (3,9–14,8 år) och medelvikten var 18,2 kg (3,5–49 kg). Utvecklande av kontralaterala perinealbråck hos initialt unilaterala bråck, grupp ett, sågs hos fem av 30 hundar. Två av de fem hundarna åtgärdades kirurgiskt och en hund behandlades konservativt och två avlivades på grund av det kontralaterala bråcket. Av de i grupp ett, initialt enkelsidigt bråck, som ej utvecklade bråck på kontralaterala sidan blev två avlivade under operation, en hund avlivades efter två månader på grund av återfall av bråck på samma sida och en hund avlivades fem månader efter operationen på grund av annan orsak som inte hade med perinealbråcket att göra. Utöver dessa fyra hundar var tiden från operation till uppföljning angående kontralateralt bråck hos grupp ett, initialt enkelsidiga, Sammanfattning mellan 11 månader–11,8 år och ett medelvärde på fyra år efter operation. De fyra hundarna som avlivades i samband med operation eller kort tid efter genomförd kirurgi valdes att i denna studie exkluderas. Totalt kontaktades 19 djurägare via telefon och/eller med sms med standardiserade frågor varav 15 djurägare svarade via telefonsamtal, två djurägare endast via sms och två djurägare svarade aldrig. Genom denna intervju identifierades två av de fem hundarna som utvecklade kontralateralt bråck. De två hundar vars djurägare inte lyckades kontaktas exkluderades. Detta medförde att fem hundar av de 24 hundar med initialt enkelsidigt perinealbråck, 20,8 %, utvecklade ett kontralateralt bråck på den motsatta sidan. Hos de hundar som hade bråck på ena sidan samt notering om försvagad muskulatur på motsatta sidan, grupp fem, behövde en hund uppsöka veterinärvård samt åtgärdas kirurgiskt på grund av att ha utvecklat perinealbråck på den motsatta sidan. Av de hundar som var registrerade som grupp 2–5, avlivades två i samband med operation på grund av dålig prognos och en strax efter operation på grund av komplikationer som krävde en ny operation. Dessa tre hundar valdes även de att exkluderas då de inte bedömdes ha chansen att kunna utveckla ett kontralateralt perinealbråck. Ytterligare två hundar avlivades 2,3 år och 4 år efter operationen på grund av problem med den genomförda bråckoperationen. Ytterligare fem hundar registrerades som avlidna på grund av annan orsak. En hund med initialt dubbelsidigt perinealbråck, grupp två, rekommenderades avlivning på grund av tumörsjukdom. 23 hundar, i grupperna 2–5, hade ingen journalanteckning varken om avlivning eller om en ny operation hade genomförts på den icke opererade sidan. Det medförde att i grupp 2–5 behövde en hund av 32 (50 hundar minus de 15 hundar som opererades i två steg, minus de tre avlidna hundarna som inte hade en chans att utveckla problem på motsatta sidan, då de avlivades under operation eller precis efter operationen) behövde uppsöka veterinärvård och åtgärdas kirurgiskt på grund av problem med den motsatta sidan. Det medför att av totalt 56 (24+32) enkelsidigt åtgärdade hundar sågs kontralateralt bråck sammanlagt hos sex hundar, 10,7 %. Diskussion: Resultaten av denna studie gav svagt eller inget stöd för rekommendationen att perinealbråck bör opereras bilateralt, om hunden har enkelsidigt bråck vid den kliniska undersökningen. Indikation gavs även att hundar som opererats enkelsidigt även fast de har lindrigt, måttligt eller påbörjan till perinealbråck kontralateralt, inte behöver opereras bilateralt rutinmässigt. I denna studie hittades fall där operation senare utfördes på den kontralaterala sidan, både när diagnosen initialt var enkelsidigt bråck eller en journalanteckning angående tecken på försvagad muskelvägg kontralateralt. Studiens huvudbegränsningar: Studien var retrospektiv och begränsad till endast patientjournaler från universitetsdjursjukhuset i Uppsala. Olika veterinärer gjorde undersökningarna och bedömningen om muskelväggen var intakt, eller försvagad, om förändringen klassades som lindrigt bråck eller fullt utvecklat bråck var subjektiv. Retrospektiv klassificering och gradering av bråckets omfattning baserat på journalanteckningar är mycket begränsad. Viss information var inhämtad genom telefonkontakt med djurägare som kan minnas fel. Vetenskaplig eller klinisk relevans: Denna studie visade inget stöd för att kontralateral operation rutinmässigt ska rekommenderas efter diagnostisering av ett enkelsidigt perinealbråck.Reasons for performing the study: It has been discussed whether perineal hernia in dogs should possibly be considered a bilateral phenomenon instead of unilateral. However, evidence is limited regarding the risk of the need of contralateral surgery after unilateral hernia. Purpose: The hypothesis was that the need for surgery on the contralateral side was rare. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of contralateral surgery after unilateral procedure in dogs diagnosed with and treated for unilateral perineal hernia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted where a search was made in the medical record database for dogs subjected to surgery due to perineal hernia covering a period over ten years. The identified patient records were analysed. The dogs were operated during the years 2009-2018 at the University Animal Hospital in Uppsala, Sweden. The patients were divided in groups from one to five, where group one consisted of the dogs with initially single-sided hernia, group two consisted of the initially double-sided dogs, group three consisted of those dogs with clear hernia on one side and with moderate hernia on the opposite side, group four consisted of the dogs with clear hernia on one side and a mild hernia on the opposite side and group five consisted of the dogs that had clear hernia on one side but the opposite side had no developed hernia but patient record comments about weakened muscles. In an in-depth analysis, some of the animal owners of dogs in group one was contacted, i.e. the dogs with only initial unilateral perineal hernia, who had no note of weakness in the muscle wall or a further hernia on the contralateral side. The pet owners where the information was missing, whether their dog had had to seek veterinary care due to a contralateral hernia or not, were contacted. The methods used when contacting the animal owners were telephone calls and text message. Questions that were asked included whether the dog had developed problems with the contralateral side and whether in that case surgical action had been needed as well as the age of the dog when any problems arose. If the dog had died, the question was asked whether the dog had died as a result of perineal hernia or for some other reason. Results: The study identified a total of 80 male dogs. Group one, initially unilateral hernia consisted of 30 dogs. Group two, initially bilateral hernia was found in 24 dogs. Group three consisted of two dogs. Group four consisted of five dogs registered with clear hernia on one side and mild hernia on the opposite side. Group five consisted of 19 dogs that were registered with a clear hernia on one side and a note that the opposite muscle wall was perceives as flaccid, based on subjective assessment at rectal palpation. The total number of registered operations was 98, of which were 33 excluding castration and 65 including castration. 15 dogs were bilaterally operated on in two stages, of which 14 were initially registered as group two, initial as bilateral hernias, and one dog was registered in group five, loose muscle on the opposite side. The mean age at perineal hernia surgery was 8.3 years (3.9–14.8 years) and the average weight was 18.2 kg (3.5–49 kg). Development of contralateral perineal hernia in initially unilateral hernia, group one, was seen in five of 30 dogs. Two of the five dogs were treated surgically, and one dog was treated conservatively and two were euthanized due to the contralateral hernia. Of those in group one, initially unilateral hernia, who did not develop hernia on the contralateral side, two were euthanized during surgery, one dog was euthanized after two months due to recurrence of hernia on the same side and one dog was euthanized five months after surgery for another cause not related to the perineal hernia. In addition to these four dogs, the time from surgery to follow-up regarding contralateral hernia in group one, initially unilateral, was between 11 months – 11.8 years and an average of four years after surgery. The four dogs that were euthanized in connection with surgery or shortly after surgery were excluded in this Abstract study. A total of 19 pet owners were contacted by telephone and/or by text message with standardized questions, of which 15 pet owners answered via telephone calls, two pet owners only via text message and two pet owners never answered. Through this interview, two of five dogs that developed contralateral hernia were identified. The two dogs whose pet owners failed to be contacted were chosen to be excluded as well. This resulted in five dogs out of the 24 dogs with initially unilateral perineal hernia, 20.8 %, developed a contralateral hernia on the opposite side. In those dogs that had hernias on one side and a comment regarding weakened muscles on the opposite side, group five, only one dog needed to seek veterinary care and was treated surgically due to having developed perineal hernias on the opposite side. Of the dogs that were registered as groups 2-5, two were euthanized in connection with surgery due to a poor prognosis and one shortly after surgery due to complications that required a new operation. These three dogs were also chosen to be excluded as they were not judged to have the chance of developing a contralateral perineal hernia. Another two dogs were killed 2.3 years and four years after the operation due to problems with the hernia operation. Another five dogs were registered as dead due to another cause. A dog with initial bilateral perineal hernia, group two, was recommended for euthanasia due to tumour disease. 23 dogs, in group 2-5, had no medical record either about if the dogs had been euthanized or if a new operation had been performed on the non-operated side. This meant that in group 2-5, one dog of 32 (50 dogs minus the 15 dogs that were operated in two steps, minus the three deceased dogs that did not have a chance to develop problems on the opposite side, when they were euthanized during surgery or shortly after surgery) needed to seek veterinary care and be treated surgically due to problems with the opposite side. In summary, out of a total of 56 (24+32) unilaterally treated dogs, a total of contralateral hernia was seen in six dogs, 10.7 %. Discussion: Based on the result of this study there is little or no support to give a recommendation that dogs with a unilateral perineal hernia should be subjected to a bilateral surgery. Based on the results of this study, the recommendation is not to surgically treat a mild perineal hernia on the contralateral side beyond the side where the main hernia is located. This study indicates that these hernias usually do not need any form of surgical treatment. Main study Limitations: The study was retrospective and limited to the patient records from the University Animal Hospital in Uppsala, Sweden. Some information was obtained through telephone contact with pet owners who could remember incorrectly. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the level of evidence regarding grading or scoring of hernia was considered low. Scientific or Clinical relevance: This study showed no support for contralateral surgery on a routine basis after diagnosis of unilateral perineal hernia

Child-Inclusive Mandatory Family Mediation in Norway: A sociocultural exploration of children’s participation

Introduction: Family mediation should help separating parents make agreements that attend to the best interest of the child. Children can be included in this process. The aim of this dissertation is to explore the practise of child-inclusive family mediation in Norway on three interdependent planes: a personal, an interpersonal, and a cultural and institutional plane. These planes follow a sociocultural analytical framework for sociocultural activities. Method: The dissertation is a multimethod study, consisting of four sub-studies: 1) A comparison of parental separation policies in Norway, Germany and the Netherlands. 2) An analysis of the extent to which children express living arrangements in the child conversation that happens in the Children in Mediation model, using qualitative and quantitative research data from the Hearing Children in Mediation project, of which this PhD project is part of. 3 and 4) And analysis of adolescents’ narratives, shared through qualitative interviews, of their parental separation processes and their participation in their parents’ family mediation process. Findings: The support measures in Norway target separating parents broadly with an aim to support parents to consider the best interest of the child during parental separation processes, e.g. through preventing escalation of interparental conflicts and through ensuring children’s right to be heard. During participation in family mediation, children are likely to share living arrangement preferences. The explorations of the narratives of adolescents show that adolescents negotiate loyalty and fairness, closeness and distance, and concealment and revealment of private information in their relationships with parents, but also with the support (or the lack-thereof) from mediators. Discussion and conclusion: The interconnectivity of involved institutions, activities, and social partners, that together make up the practice of child-inclusive family mediation, can create and enact relational agency that can transform the everyday lives of children after parents’ separation. Negotiations that children take part in shows the relevance of talking about, exploring, and making meaning of living arrangement preferences.Introduksjon: Mekling er ment å hjelpe foreldre som går fra hverandre med å lage avtaler som tar hensyn til barnets beste. Barn kan ta del i denne prosessen. Målet med denne avhandlingen er å utforske involvering av barn i mekling ved familievernkontor i Norge på tre gjensidig avhengige plan: et personlig, et mellompersonlig og et kulturelt og institusjonelt plan. Disse planene følger et sosiokulturelt analytisk rammeverk for sosiokulturelle aktiviteter. Metode: Denne avhandlingen er en multimetodestudie og består av fire understudier: 1) En sammenligning av retningslinjer og lover knyttet til samlivsbrudd mellom foreldre i Norge, Tyskland og Nederland. 2) En analyse av hvor ofte barn uttrykker bostedsønsker i barnesamtalen som er del av Barn i mekling modellen som benytter seg av kvalitative og kvantitative data fra Høring av barn i mekling prosjektet, som dette Ph.D. prosjektet er del av. 3 og 4) Analyser av ungdommer sine narrativer, fra kvalitative intervju, om foreldres samlivsbrudd og deres deltakelse i foreldrenes meklingsprosess. Resultater: Tiltak i Norge som retter seg mot foreldre som går gjennom et samlivsbrudd har som mål å støtte foreldre til å ta hensyn til barnets beste, for eksempel gjennom å forebygge eskalering av konflikt og ved å styrke barns rett til å bli hørt. I løpet av barns deltakelse i foreldremekling er det mange barn som deler et bosteds- og samværsønske. Utforskning av ungdommenes narrativer viser at de forhandler med foreldre om lojalitet og rettferdighet, nærhet og distanse, og tilbakeholdelse eller deling av informasjon om privatlivet i relasjoner til sine foreldre. I disse forhandlingene kan de få støtte (men også manglende sådan) fra meklere. Diskusjon og konklusjon: Institusjonene, aktivitetene og de sosiale partnerne som sammen utgjør barneinkluderende foreldremekling er sammenvevd i hverandre på en måte som kan skape og spille ut et relasjonelt aktørskap som kan endre hverdagslivene til barn etter foreldrenes samlivsbrudd. Forhandlinger som barn tar del i viser relevansen av å snakke om, utforske, og gi mening til bosteds- og samværsønsker

The Dream of Coming Home

In the Margaret Chase Smith Essay, Nancy Grape, retired editorial writer for the Portland Press Herald and Maine Sunday Telegram, reflects on the meaning of retirement, and how it is changing in Maine and elsewhere

Packaging solution evaluation at Aurobay - A case study of the packaging solutions at an engine supplier in the automotive industry

Material flows and logistics systems have gained increasing attention over the last decades, where development towards a more holistic view of the supply chain and capacity utilization is in focus. Businesses today strive to preserve the environment while maintaining economic growth and gaining competitive advantage. The environmental aspect comes with pressure to reduce packaging waste and reuse materials, which have major impacts on the logistics infrastructure. In recent years it has shown that making changes in the materials handling systems can bring both economic and environmental benefits. In today’s industries, packaging has an important role as it ensures the quality of the product throughout the transport and enables safe and efficient handlings in the transportation system. In this master’s thesis the current packaging and associated systems at a Swedish automotive supplier, Aurobay, are investigated and evaluated, with the purpose to present improvements and alternative packaging solutions with increased performance in costs, sustainability and supply chain efficiency. The thesis is a case study based on a theoretical framework developed through literature studies and empirical findings at Aurobay. The thesis results in the presentation of two alternative packaging systems that increase performance within either transport costs and CO2-emissions, or parts presentation and quality of products, and a third solution where the current system is developed in-plant to improve production performance

FTPL and war reparations : the French and German monetary experiences in the Interwar period (In French)

In this paper, we try to investigate the rationale for using the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level (FTPL) as a relevant theoretical framework for analysing French and German monetary experiences in the Interwar period. This approach involves considering the evolution of public debt as the main anchoring factor of the price level through the respect of the intertemporal budget constraint by the public sector. French and german stylized facts, especially during the 1919-1926 period seem at first glance to be in accordance with this relationship. A more precise analysis of the monetary policy implementation suggests, however, that only the weak form (instead of the strong one) of the FTPL could have prevailed. Indeed, the requirement of stable public debt dynamics went hand in hand with the domination of monetary policy by fiscal policy.inflation, public debt, FTPL

The analgesic efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block vs. wound infiltration after inguinal and infra-umbilical hernia repairs: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Both transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and wound infiltration with local anaesthetic have been used to relieve pain after inguinal or infra-umbilical hernia repair. To determine whether TAP block or local anaesthetic infiltration is the best analgesic option after inguinal or infra-umbilical hernia repair. Systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, Web of Science, up to June, 2020. We retrieved randomised controlled trials comparing TAP block with wound infiltration after inguinal or infra-umbilical hernia repair. Primary outcome was rest pain score (analogue scale 0 to 10) at 2 postoperative hours. Secondary pain-related outcomes included rest pain score at 12 and 24 h, and intravenous morphine consumption at 2, 12 and 24 h. Other secondary outcomes sought were block-related complications such as rates of postoperative infection, haematoma, visceral injury and systemic toxicity of local anaesthetic. Seven trials including 420 patients were identified. There was a significant difference in rest pain score at 2 postoperative hours in favour of TAP block compared with wound infiltration, with a mean (95% confidence interval) difference of -0.8 (-1.3 to -0.2); I2 = 85%; P = 0.01. Most secondary pain-related outcomes were also significantly improved following TAP block. No complication was reported. The overall quality of evidence was moderate. There is moderate level evidence that TAP block provides superior analgesia compared with wound infiltration following inguinal or infra-umbilical hernia repair. PROSPERO CRD42020208053