Detección, caracterización e identificación de hongos asociados a la enfermedad Pie negro de la vid en Argentina

PosterEn 2018 se analizaron 30 plantas provenientes de viñedos jóvenes de Mendoza y Salta (var. Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Aspirant bouchet, Chardonnay y los portainjertos 101-14 y Paulsen) con vigor reducido, entrenudos cortos, clorosis foliar, necrosis en raíces y base de plantas. Estos síntomas son característicos de la enfermedad Pie Negro, causada por hongos asexuales del tipo “Cylindrocarpon”. Hasta la fecha C. destructans ha sido la única especie identificada mediante características morfológica asociada a la enfermedad en Argentina. Por tal motivo, se propuso caracterizar e identificar morfo molecularmente especies del tipo “Cylindrocarpon” obtenidas de vid.EEA MendozaFil: Longone, Maria Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Escoriaza, Maria Georgina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Gramaje, D. CSIC. Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino; España. Universidad de la Rioja; Españ

Fungal trunk pathogens associated with Juglans regia in the Czech Republic

[EN] Juglans regia L. (English walnut) trees with cankers and dieback symptoms were observed in two regions in the Czech Republic. Isolations were made from diseased branches. In total, 138 fungal isolates representing 10 fungal species were obtained from wood samples and identified based on morphological characteristics and molecular methods: Cadophora novi-eboraci, Cadophora spadicis, Cryptovalsa ampelina, Diaporthe eres, Diplodia seriata, Dothiorella omnivora, Eutypa lata, Ewypella sp., Peroneutypa scoparia, and Phaeoacremonium sicilianum. Pathogenicity tests conducted under field conditions with all species using the mycelium-plug method indicated that Eutypa lata and Cadophora spp. were highly virulent to woody stems of walnut. This is the first study to detect and identify fungal trunk pathogens associated with diseased walnut trees in Europe.This work was supported by the Ministerstvo Skolstvi, Mladeze a Telovychovy (EFRR "Multidisciplinary Research to Increase Application Potential of Nanomaterials in Agricultural Practice," project CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_025/0007314). This research was also supported by the Technologicka Agentura Ceske Republiky (project TJ02000096)Eichmeier, A.; Pecenka, J.; Spetik, M.; Necas, T.; Ondrasek, I.; Armengol Fortí, J.; León Santana, M.... (2020). Fungal trunk pathogens associated with Juglans regia in the Czech Republic. Plant Disease. 104:761-771. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-19-1308-RES76177110

Fungal grapevine trunk pathogens associated with Syrah decline in Spain

Syrah decline has been increasingly seen and reported in many vineyards worldwide. In recent years, an increase in samples of Vitis vinifera cv. Syrah showing general decline has also been noted in Spain. Sixty-two samples of Syrah grafted grapevines with such symptoms were collected from grapevine nurseries and young vineyards between 2007 and 2009 and subjected to fungal isolation. Species were identified with morphological and molecular methods. Species recovered included Phaeoacremonium, Botryosphaeriaceae and Cylindrocarpon, as well as Pa. chlamydospora and Ca. luteo-olivacea. The study demonstrates that fungal pathogens should be considered potential factors associated with Syrah decline

Effect of hot-water treatment on grapevine viability, yield components and composition of must

Abstract Background and Aims: Hot-water treatment (HWT) has been shown to be effective for the control of several endogenous and exogenous grapevine pests and diseases in dormant grapevine cuttings and young rooted vines. Little is still known, however, about the long-term effect of HWT on plant viability under field conditions. The effect of HWT on the performance of dormant plants in a four-growing seasons study was investigated. Methods and Results: The effect of HWT at 53°C for 30 min on shoot mass, yield parameters and composition of must in dormant grafted plants (Tempranillo cultivar grafted onto 110 Richter rootstock) was evaluated. Eight bundles of 20 grafted plants were assigned to HWT, and eight additional bundles of 20 untreated grafted plants were prepared as a control (non-HWT). Dormant grafted plants were immediately planted in two field sites in April 2007. Shoot fresh mass was evaluated during winter in four consecutive growing seasons. Yield parameters and must composition were evaluated in the third and fourth growing seasons. In general, there was no significant difference in shoot mass at pruning, yield parameters and must components between treatments, with the exception of the must total soluble solids and volumetric mass in the fourth growing season. Conclusions: The findings obtained in this study indicate that HWT at 53°C for 30 min did not affect plant viability, yield parameters and the main components of must composition, and could be successfully used commercially. Significance of the Study: This study represents the first approach to investigate the long-term effect of HWT on plant development, yield and composition of must under field conditions. It suggests that the success of HWT depends not only on the most adequate protocol applied by nurseries, but also on management practices before, during and after the propagation process that could affect the viability of HWT grapevine propagating material

Fungos associados ao declínio da videira no Nordeste do Brasil.

Suplemento. Edição dos Resumos do 44 Congresso Brasileiro de Fitopatologia, Bento Gonçalves, ago. 2011

Challenges of viticulture adaptation to global change: tackling the issue from the roots

Viticulture is facing emerging challenges not only because of the effect of climate change on yield and composition of grapes, but also of a social demand for environmental‐friendly agricultural management. Adaptation to these challenges is essential to guarantee the sustainability of viticulture. The aim of this review is to present adaptation possibilities from the soil‐hidden, and often disregarded, part of the grapevine, the roots. The complexity of soil–root interactions makes necessary a comprehensive approach taking into account physiology, pathology and genetics, in order to outline strategies to improve viticulture adaptation to current and future threats. Rootstocks are the link between soil and scion in grafted crops, and they have played an essential role in viticulture since the introduction of phylloxera into Europe at the end of the 19th century. This review outlines current and future challenges that are threatening the sustainability of the wine sector and the relevant role that rootstocks can play to face these threats. We describe how rootstocks along with soil management can be exploited as an essential tool to deal with the effects of climate change and of emerging soil‐borne pests and pathogens. Moreover, we discuss the possibilities and limitations of diverse genetic strategies for rootstock breeding.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

First report of Alternaria black spot of pomegranate caused by Alternaria alternata in Spain

Berbegal, M.; López- Cortés, I.; Salazar Hernández, DM.; Gramaje, D.; Perez-Sierra, A.; Garcia-Jimenez, J.; Armengol, J. (2014). First report of Alternaria black spot of pomegranate caused by Alternaria alternata in Spain. Plant Disease. 98(5):689-689. doi:10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0717-PDNS68968998

Challenges of viticulture adaptation to global change: tackling the issue from the roots

Viticulture is facing emerging challenges not only because of the effect of climate change on yield and composition of grapes, but also of a social demand for environmental-friendly agricultural management. Adaptation to these challenges is essential to guarantee the sustainability of viticulture. The aim of this review is to present adaptation possibilities from the soil-hidden, and often disregarded, part of the grapevine, the roots. The complexity of soil-root interactions makes necessary a comprehensive approach taking into account physiology, pathology and genetics, in order to outline strategies to improve viticulture adaptation to current and future threats. Rootstocks are the link between soil and scion in grafted crops, and they have played an essential role in viticulture since the introduction of phylloxera into Europe at the end of the 19th century. This review outlines current and future challenges that are threatening the sustainability of the wine sector and the relevant role that rootstocks can play to face these threats. We describe how rootstocks along with soil management can be exploited as an essential tool to deal with the effects of climate change and of emerging soil-borne pests and pathogens. Moreover, we discuss the possibilities and limitations of diverse genetic strategies for rootstock breeding.This work is framed in the networking activities of RedVitis (AGL2015-70931-REDT) and RedVitis 2.0 (AGL2017-90759-REDT), funded by the State Research Agency (AEI) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Ms Diana Marin is beneficiary of postgraduate scholarship funded by Universidad Publica de Navarra (FPI-UPNA-2016). Dr Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius acknowledges the State Research Agency (AEI) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the 'Ramon y Cajal' Fellowship RYC-2017-22228 and Dr David Gramaje acknowledges Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the 'Ramon y Cajal' Fellowship RYC-2017-23098

Fungal trunk pathogens associated with wood decay of almond trees on Mallorca (Spain)

Severe decline of almond trees has recently been observed in several orchards on the island of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean Sea). However, the identity of the causal agents has not yet been investigated. Between August 2008 and June 2010, wood samples from branches of almond trees showing internal necroses and brown to black vascular streaking were collected in the Llevant region on the island of Mallorca. Several fungal species were subsequently isolated from the margin between healthy and symptomatic tissue. Five species of Botryosphaeriaceae (namely Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia olivarum, D. seriata, Neofusicoccum australe and N. parvum), Eutypa lata, Phaeoacremonium iranianum and Phomopsis amygdali were identified based on morphology, culture characteristics and DNA sequence comparisons. Neofusicoccum parvum was the dominant species, followed by E. lata, D. olivarum and N. australe. First reports from almond include D. olivarum and Pm. iranianum. Two species are newly described, namely Collophora hispanica sp. nov. and Phaeoacremonium amygdalinum sp. nov.We thank 'Conselleria d'Agricultura, Mediambient i Territori' of the Balearic Islands for funding this research. We appreciate the helpful assistance in field works from technicians and land owners: Tomeu Melis, Toni Nicolau, Beatriz Blanquer and Alejandro Aristondo. The authors also wish to thank the staff of 'Conselleria d'Agricultura, Mediambient i Territori': Alicia Nieto, Xavier Nadal and Toni Martorell. We would like to thank Walter Gams for kindly assisting with the nomenclature for the new species.Gramaje Pérez, D.; Agusti Brisach, C.; Pérez Sierra, AM.; Moralejo, E.; Olmo, D.; Mostert, L.; Damm, U.... (2012). Fungal trunk pathogens associated with wood decay of almond trees on Mallorca (Spain). Persoonia: a mycological journal. 28:1-13. doi:10.3767/003158512X626155S1132

Challenges of viticulture adaptation to global change: tackling the issue from the roots

[EN] Viticulture is facing emerging challenges not only because of the effect of climate change on yield and composition of grapes, but also of a social demand for environmental-friendly agricultural management. Adaptation to these challenges is essential to guarantee the sustainability of viticulture. The aim of this review is to present adaptation possibilities from the soil-hidden, and often disregarded, part of the grapevine, the roots. The complexity of soil-root interactions makes necessary a comprehensive approach taking into account physiology, pathology and genetics, in order to outline strategies to improve viticulture adaptation to current and future threats. Rootstocks are the link between soil and scion in grafted crops, and they have played an essential role in viticulture since the introduction of phylloxera into Europe at the end of the 19th century. This review outlines current and future challenges that are threatening the sustainability of the wine sector and the relevant role that rootstocks can play to face these threats. We describe how rootstocks along with soil management can be exploited as an essential tool to deal with the effects of climate change and of emerging soil-borne pests and pathogens. Moreover, we discuss the possibilities and limitations of diverse genetic strategies for rootstock breeding.This work is framed in the networking activities of RedVitis (AGL2015-70931-REDT) and RedVitis 2.0 (AGL2017-90759-REDT), funded by the State Research Agency (AEI) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. Ms Diana Marin is beneficiary of postgraduate scholarship funded by Universidad Publica de Navarra (FPI-UPNA-2016). Dr Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius acknowledges the State Research Agency (AEI) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the 'Ramon y Cajal' Fellowship RYC-2017-22228 and Dr David Gramaje acknowledges Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the 'Ramon y Cajal' Fellowship RYC-2017-23098.Marín, D.; Armengol Fortí, J.; Carbonell-Bejerano, P.; Escalona, J.; Gramaje Pérez, D.; Hernández-Montes, E.; Intrigliolo, DS.... (2021). Challenges of viticulture adaptation to global change: tackling the issue from the roots. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research. 27(1):8-25. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajgw.12463S825271AGÜERO, C. B., URATSU, S. L., GREVE, C., POWELL, A. L. T., LABAVITCH, J. M., MEREDITH, C. P., & DANDEKAR, A. M. (2005). Evaluation of tolerance to Pierce’s disease andBotrytisin transgenic plants ofVitis viniferaL. expressing the pear PGIP gene. Molecular Plant Pathology, 6(1), 43-51. doi:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2004.00262.xAgustí-Brisach, C., Mostert, L., & Armengol, J. (2013). Detection and quantification ofIlyonectriaspp. associated with black-foot disease of grapevine in nursery soils using multiplex nested PCR and quantitative PCR. Plant Pathology, 63(2), 316-322. doi:10.1111/ppa.12093Agustí-Brisach, C., Gramaje, D., García-Jiménez, J., & Armengol, J. (2013). Detection of black-foot disease pathogens in the grapevine nursery propagation process in Spain. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 137(1), 103-112. doi:10.1007/s10658-013-0221-8Alaniz, S., García-Jiménez, J., Abad-Campos, P., & Armengol, J. (2010). Susceptibility of grapevine rootstocks to Cylindrocarpon liriodendri and C. macrodidymum. Scientia Horticulturae, 125(3), 305-308. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2010.04.009Alaniz, S., Armengol, J., León, M., García-Jiménez, J., & Abad-Campos, P. (2009). Analysis of genetic and virulence diversity of Cylindrocarpon liriodendri and C. macrodidymum associated with black foot disease of grapevine. Mycological Research, 113(1), 16-23. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2008.07.002Albacete, A., Martinez-Andujar, C., Martinez-Perez, A., Thompson, A. J., Dodd, I. C., & Perez-Alfocea, F. (2015). Unravelling rootstockxscion interactions to improve food security. Journal of Experimental Botany, 66(8), 2211-2226. doi:10.1093/jxb/erv027Aragüés, R., Medina, E. T., Zribi, W., Clavería, I., Álvaro-Fuentes, J., & Faci, J. (2014). Soil salinization as a threat to the sustainability of deficit irrigation under present and expected climate change scenarios. Irrigation Science, 33(1), 67-79. doi:10.1007/s00271-014-0449-xBarrios-Masias, F. H., Knipfer, T., Walker, M. A., & McElrone, A. J. (2019). Differences in hydraulic traits of grapevine rootstocks are not conferred to a common Vitis vinifera scion. Functional Plant Biology, 46(3), 228. doi:10.1071/fp18110Bavaresco, L., Gardiman, M., Brancadoro, L., Espen, L., Failla, O., Scienza, A., … Testolin, R. (2015). Grapevine breeding programs in Italy. Grapevine Breeding Programs for the Wine Industry, 135-157. doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-075-0.00007-7Berdeja, M., Nicolas, P., Kappel, C., Dai, Z. W., Hilbert, G., Peccoux, A., … Delrot, S. (2015). Water limitation and rootstock genotype interact to alter grape berry metabolism through transcriptome reprogramming. Horticulture Research, 2(1). doi:10.1038/hortres.2015.12Bert, P.-F., Bordenave, L., Donnart, M., Hévin, C., Ollat, N., & Decroocq, S. (2012). Mapping genetic loci for tolerance to lime-induced iron deficiency chlorosis in grapevine rootstocks (Vitis sp.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 126(2), 451-473. doi:10.1007/s00122-012-1993-5Bianchi, D., Grossi, D., Tincani, D. T. G., Simone Di Lorenzo, G., Brancadoro, L., & Rustioni, L. (2018). 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S., Jaspers, M. V., Ridgway, H. J., Barclay, C. J., & Jones, E. E. (2013). Susceptibility of four grapevine rootstocks to Cylindrocladiella parva. New Zealand Plant Protection, 66, 249-253. doi:10.30843/nzpp.2013.66.5675Brunori, E., Farina, R., & Biasi, R. (2016). Sustainable viticulture: The carbon-sink function of the vineyard agro-ecosystem. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 223, 10-21. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2016.02.012Cabral, A., Rego, C., Nascimento, T., Oliveira, H., Groenewald, J. Z., & Crous, P. W. (2012). Multi-gene analysis and morphology reveal novel Ilyonectria species associated with black foot disease of grapevines. Fungal Biology, 116(1), 62-80. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2011.09.010Carbonell-Bejerano, P., Santa María, E., Torres-Pérez, R., Royo, C., Lijavetzky, D., Bravo, G., … Martínez-Zapater, J. M. (2013). Thermotolerance Responses in Ripening Berries of Vitis vinifera L. cv Muscat Hamburg. 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P., … Lopes, C. M. (2010). Grapevine under deficit irrigation: hints from physiological and molecular data. Annals of Botany, 105(5), 661-676. doi:10.1093/aob/mcq030Chitarra, W., Perrone, I., Avanzato, C. G., Minio, A., Boccacci, P., Santini, D., … Gambino, G. (2017). Grapevine Grafting: Scion Transcript Profiling and Defense-Related Metabolites Induced by Rootstocks. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8. doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.00654Clark, J. R., & Finn, C. E. (2010). Register of New Fruit and Nut Cultivars List 45. HortScience, 45(5), 716-756. doi:10.21273/hortsci.45.5.716Clingeleffer, P., Morales, N., Davis, H., & Smith, H. (2019). The significance of scion × rootstock interactions. OENO One, 53(2). doi:10.20870/oeno-one.2019.53.2.2438COMAS, L. H., BAUERLE, T. L., & EISSENSTAT, D. M. (2010). Biological and environmental factors controlling root dynamics and function: effects of root ageing and soil moisture. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 16, 131-137. doi:10.1111/j.1755-0238.2009.00078.xComas, L. H., Anderson, L. J., Dunst, R. M., Lakso, A. N., & Eissenstat, D. M. (2005). Canopy and environmental control of root dynamics in a long‐term study of Concord grape. New Phytologist, 167(3), 829-840. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01456.xComont, G., Corio-Costet, M.-F., Larignon, P., & Delmotte, F. (2010). AFLP markers reveal two genetic groups in the French population of the grapevine fungal pathogen Phaeomoniella chlamydospora. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 127(4), 451-464. doi:10.1007/s10658-010-9611-3Corso, M., & Bonghi, C. (2014). Grapevine rootstock effects on abiotic stress tolerance. Plant Science Today, 1(3), 108-113. doi:10.14719/pst.2014.1.3.64Corso, M., Vannozzi, A., Maza, E., Vitulo, N., Meggio, F., Pitacco, A., … Lucchin, M. (2015). Comprehensive transcript profiling of two grapevine rootstock genotypes contrasting in drought susceptibility links the phenylpropanoid pathway to enhanced tolerance. Journal of Experimental Botany, 66(19), 5739-5752. doi:10.1093/jxb/erv274Costa, J. M., Vaz, M., Escalona, J., Egipto, R., Lopes, C., Medrano, H., & Chaves, M. M. (2016). Modern viticulture in southern Europe: Vulnerabilities and strategies for adaptation to water scarcity. Agricultural Water Management, 164, 5-18. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2015.08.021Cousins, P. (2005). Rootstock Breeding: An Analysis of Intractability. HortScience, 40(7), 1945-1946. doi:10.21273/hortsci.40.7.1945Cramer W. Guiot J.andMarini K.(2019)MedECC booklet: risks associated to climate and environmental changes in the Mediterranean region. A preliminary assessment by the MedECC Network Science‐policy interface.https://www.medecc.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/MedECC-Booklet_EN_WEB.pdfCummins, J. N., & Aldwinckle, H. S. (1995). 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Acta Horticulturae, (721), 21-26. doi:10.17660/actahortic.2006.721.1ESCALONA, J. M., TOMÀS, M., MARTORELL, S., MEDRANO, H., RIBAS-CARBO, M., & FLEXAS, J. (2012). Carbon balance in grapevines under different soil water supply: importance of whole plant respiration. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, 18(3), 308-318. doi:10.1111/j.1755-0238.2012.00193.xEsmenjaud, D., & Bouquet, A. (2009). Selection and Application of Resistant Germplasm for Grapevine Nematodes Management. Integrated Management of Fruit Crops Nematodes, 195-214. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9858-1_8Fahrentrapp, J., Müller, L., & Schumacher, P. (2015). Is there need for leaf-galling grape phylloxera control? Presence and distribution ofDactulosphaira vitifoliaein Swiss vineyards. International Journal of Pest Management, 61(4), 340-345. doi:10.1080/09670874.2015.1067734FLEXAS, J., GALMÃ S, J., GALLÃ , A., GULÃ AS, J., POU, A., RIBAS-CARBO, M., … MEDRANO, H. (2010). 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