Inhibition of seafood-borne bacteria in cooked mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) fish meat by lactic acid bacteria

Antagonistic activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) namely Streptococcus faecalis, Pediococcus cerevisiae and Lactobacillus casei was tested against seafood-borne bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens and Listeria monocytogenes. Three lactic acid bacteria such as Streptococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus casei and Pediococcus cerevisiae were coated on cooked mackerel meat, individually and in combination against fish-borne bacteria. S. faecalis inhibited C. perfringens in individual coat by 3.7 log units as compared to control, whereas L. casei did not inhibit C. perfringens. P. cerevisiae inhibited S. aureus by 5 log units. L. casei, inhibited L. monocytogenes by 3.3 log units on the third day of storage as compared to control. On the other hand, S. aureus and B. cereus were inhibited on the third and second day by 4.9 log and 5.2 log units respectively. B. cereus, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes were the most sensitive to all three LAB. C. perfringens was the least inhibited among all the seafood-borne bacteria tried. Multiple LAB or LAB strains in combination showed much earlier inhibitory activity on seafood-borne bacteria than single LAB coat

Ayurvedic management of Myositis Ossificans of Vastus Lateralis Muscle (Urusthamba) - A Case Study

Myositis ossificansis characterized by heterotopic ossification (calcification) of muscle of various etiologies. It is most commonly affected in the quadriceps of the thighs. There are many tools available for diagnosis of Myositis ossificans, but lack of satisfactory treatment. So the development of a treatment protocol for Myositis ossificans is the need of today`s era. In Ayurveda, the same can be understood as Urusthamba. The present paper discusses a case of Myositis ossificans of right vastus lateralis muscle and its Ayurvedic treatment

Truss morphometry in the Asian seabass - Lates calcarifer

Truss network analysis was carried out using data of the Asian seabass Lates calcarifer sampled from five different locations along the Indian'coast, in an effort to examine the stock differences based on juveniles1 pre-adults. Principal Components Analysis was carried out on the multivariate morphometric data. Shearing was done in order to obtain a size-free shape component. It was observed that the first factor loadings were positive and nearly of the same magnitude indicating that PC I is a measure of size. A few truss measurements contributed to the shape differences among the stocks. As far as the shape differences are concerned, the Kakdwip stock was different from the rest of the stocks. A similar trend was discernible in the Chennai stock. However, there were no shape differences among the Chilka, Kakinada and Goa stock

3,3′-[(4-Nitro­phen­yl)methyl­ene]bis­(4-hy­droxy-2H-chromen-2-one)

The molecular conformation of the title compound, C25H15NO8, is stabilized by strong intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, resulting in the formation of S 1 1(7) ring motifs. In the crystal, π–π stacking inter­actions are observed between adjacent nitrobenzene and pyranone rings with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.513 (12) Å. The dihedral angles between the nitrobenzene ring and the coumarin ring systems are 65.61 (8) and 66.11 (8)° while the coumarin ring systems are inclined at 65.69 (8)°

Barcoding of Asian seabass across its geographic range provides evidence for its bifurcation into two distinct species

Asian seabass or barramundi (Lates calcarifer) is an important food fish with commercial value and a wide geographic distribution. Though some reports based on molecular and/or morphological data exist, a comprehensive effort to establish species identity across its range is lacking. In order to address this issue and especially to ascertain whether the wide-spread distribution has resulted in bifurcation of the species, we collected Asian seabass samples from various locations representing the Western and Eastern Coastline of India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bangladesh and Australia. Samples from Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore were collected as part of a previous study. DNA sequence variations, including cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), 16S rDNA and the highly variable D-loop (or control region), were examined to establish species delineation. Data from all the sequences analyzed concordantly point to the existence of at least two distinct species—one representing the Indian subcontinent plus Myanmar, and a second, representing Southeast Asia (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia) plus Northern Australia. These data are useful for conservation ecology, aquaculture management, for establishing the extent of genetic diversity in the Asian seabass and implementing selective breeding programs for members of this species complex

(Z)-2-(2-Hy­droxy-4-meth­oxy­benzyl­idene)-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one

In the title compound, C16H12O4, the 1-benzofuran­one unit is in a planar conformation [C—C—C—C = 179.69 (12)°]. The conformation around the C=C double bond [1.3370 (17) Å] is Z. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are stabilized by O—H⋯O (running parallel to the bc plane) and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Not Available

Not AvailableSplitting of the genus Penaeus sensu lato into six new genera based on morphological features alone has been controversial in penaeid shrimp taxonomy. Several studies focused on building phylogenetic relations among the genera of Penaeus sensu lato. However, they lack in utilizing full mitochondrial DNA genome of shrimp representing all the six controversial genera. For the first time, the present study targeted the testing of all the six genera of Penaeus sensu lato for phylogenetic relations utilizing complete mitochondrial genome sequence. In addition, the study reports for the first time about the complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of Fenneropenaeus indicus, an important candidate species in aquaculture and fisheries, and utilized it for phylogenomics. The maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches were deployed to generate and comprehend the phylogenetic relationship among the shrimp in the suborder, Dendrobranchiata. The phylogenetic relations established with limited taxon sampling considered in the study pointed to the monophyly of Penaeus sensu lato and suggested collapsing of the new genera to a single genus. Further, trends in mitogenome-wide estimates of average amino acid identity in the order Decapoda and the genus Penaeus sensu lato supported restoration of the old genus, Penaeus, rather promoting the creation of new genera.Not Availabl

Chromosomal-level assembly of the Asian Seabass genome using long sequence reads and multi-layered scaffolding

We report here the ~670 Mb genome assembly of the Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), a tropical marine teleost. We used long-read sequencing augmented by transcriptomics, optical and genetic mapping along with shared synteny from closely related fish species to derive a chromosome-level assembly with a contig N50 size over 1 Mb and scaffold N50 size over 25 Mb that span ~90% of the genome. The population structure of L. calcarifer species complex was analyzed by re-sequencing 61 individuals representing various regions across the species' native range. SNP analyses identified high levels of genetic diversity and confirmed earlier indications of a population stratification comprising three clades with signs of admixture apparent in the South-East Asian population. The quality of the Asian seabass genome assembly far exceeds that of any other fish species, and will serve as a new standard for fish genomics

Recursive Cluster Elimination Based Support Vector Machine for Disease State Prediction Using Resting State Functional and Effective Brain Connectivity

Brain state classification has been accomplished using features such as voxel intensities, derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, as inputs to efficient classifiers such as support vector machines (SVM) and is based on the spatial localization model of brain function. With the advent of the connectionist model of brain function, features from brain networks may provide increased discriminatory power for brain state classification.In this study, we introduce a novel framework where in both functional connectivity (FC) based on instantaneous temporal correlation and effective connectivity (EC) based on causal influence in brain networks are used as features in an SVM classifier. In order to derive those features, we adopt a novel approach recently introduced by us called correlation-purged Granger causality (CPGC) in order to obtain both FC and EC from fMRI data simultaneously without the instantaneous correlation contaminating Granger causality. In addition, statistical learning is accelerated and performance accuracy is enhanced by combining recursive cluster elimination (RCE) algorithm with the SVM classifier. We demonstrate the efficacy of the CPGC-based RCE-SVM approach using a specific instance of brain state classification exemplified by disease state prediction. Accordingly, we show that this approach is capable of predicting with 90.3% accuracy whether any given human subject was prenatally exposed to cocaine or not, even when no significant behavioral differences were found between exposed and healthy subjects.The framework adopted in this work is quite general in nature with prenatal cocaine exposure being only an illustrative example of the power of this approach. In any brain state classification approach using neuroimaging data, including the directional connectivity information may prove to be a performance enhancer. When brain state classification is used for disease state prediction, our approach may aid the clinicians in performing more accurate diagnosis of diseases in situations where in non-neuroimaging biomarkers may be unable to perform differential diagnosis with certainty