Un modelo matemático para sistemas de jubilación del seguro social con sistemas dinámicos

In this paper it is proposed a mathematical approach based on dynamic systems to study the effect of the increase in the Social Security normal retirement age on the worker and on the dynamics of retiree populations. In order to simplify this initial effoEn este documento se propone un enfoque matemático basado en sistemas dinámicos para estudiar el efecto del aumento de la edad normal de jubilación del Seguro Social en el trabajador y en la dinámica de las poblaciones de jubilados. Para simplificar est

Customer orientation of service employees in family businesses in the hotel sector

The business interactions between front-line employees and customers are crucial to evaluating service quality and for business performance. A gap has been identified in the literature on both customer orientation of service employees (COSE) and family businesses (FBs). These two concepts have never been studied together before. This study presents a concept that develops a theoretical model based on Hennig-Thurau (2004). This model drives research about the COSE and FBs in the hotel sector. The two main contributions are: (1) electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) is proposed as a consequence of COSE within FBs and (2) a questionnaire has been developed from relevant subscales to measure COSE and the two possible consequences derived from it (Customer Satisfaction and eWOM). A database from Iberic Balance Analysis System (SABI) has been selected to study these variables in the hotel sector, and it will be used in a future empirical study that is expected to provide support for the theory

Positividad y acotamiento de soluciones de un modelo epidemiologico estacional estocástico para el virus respiratorio sincitial

In this paper we investigate the positivity and boundedness of the solution of a stochastic seasonal epidemic model for the respira tory syncytial virus (RSV). The stochasticity in the model is due to fluctuating physical and social environments and is introduced by perturbing the transmission parameter of the seasonal disease. We show the existence and uniqueness of the positive solution of the stochastic seasonal epidemic model which is required in the modeling of populations since all populations must be positive from a biological point of view. In addition, the positivity and boundedness of solutions is important to other nonlinear models that arise in sciences and engineering. Numerical simulations of the stochastic model are performed using the Milstein numerical scheme and are included to support our analytic results.En este trabajo se investiga la positividad y acotamineto de la solución de un modelo epidemiologico estacional estocástico para el virus respiratorio sincitial (RSV). La estocasticidad en el modelo se debe a entornos físicos y sociales fluctuantes y se introduce perturbando el parámetro de transmisión de la enfermedad. Se demuestra la existencia y unicidad de la solución positiva del modelo epidemiologico estacional estocástico, lo cual se requiere en el modelado de las poblaciones ya que todas las poblaciones deben ser positivos desde el punto de vista biológico. Adicionalmente, la positividad y la acotación de las soluciones es importante para otros modelos no lineales que se presentan en las ciencias y la ingeniería. Las simulaciones numéricas del modelo estocástico se realizan utilizando el esquema numérico de Milstein y se incluyen para apoyar los resultados analíticos

Solución numérico-analítica de una ecuación de difusión bajo condiciones de incertidumbre utilizando DTM y Monte Carlo

A numerical method to solve a general random linear parabolic equation where the diffusion coefficient, source term, boundary and initial conditions include uncertainty, is developed -- Diffusion equations arise in many fields of science and engineering, and, in many cases, there are uncertainties due to data that cannot be known, or due to errors in measurements and intrinsic variability -- In order to model these uncertainties the corresponding parameters, diffusion coefficient, source term, boundary and initial conditions, are assumed to be random variables with certain probability distributions functions -- The proposed method includes finite difference schemes on the space variable and the differential transformation method for the time -- In addition, Monte Carlo method is used to deal with the random variables -- The accuracy of the hybrid method is investigated numerically using the closed form solution of the deterministic associatedUn método numérico para resolver una ecuación parabólica general aleatoria lineal donde el coeficiente de difusión, el término fuente, las condiciones de contorno e iniciales incluyen la incertidumbre, se ha desarrollado -- Ecuaciones de difusión surgen en muchos campos de la ciencia y la ingeniería, y en muchos casos, existen la incertidumbres debido a los datos que no se pueden saber, o debido a errores en las mediciones y la variabilidad intrínseca -- Para modelar estas incertidumbres los parámetros correspondientes, coeficiente de difusión, término fuente, condiciones de contorno e iniciales, se suponen que son variables aleatorias con determinadas distribuciones de probabilidad -- Basándose en los resultados numéricos, se obtienen los intervalos de confianza y valores medios esperados para la solución -- Además, se obtienen con las soluciones numéricas-analíticas del método híbrido propuest

Emotion, Psychological Well-Being and Their Influence on Resilience. A Study with Semi-Professional Athletes

The objective of the present study is to analyze the influence of coaches on emotional intelligence and on levels of anxiety, motivation, self-esteem, and resilience among athletes. Five-hundred forty-seven semi-professional athletes between the ages of 16 and 19 participated in this study. Various statistical analyses were conducted which explain the causal relationships between the variables. The results, obtained using a structural equations model, find that while autonomy support positively predicts emotional intelligence, perceived control predicts it negatively. Moreover, emotional intelligence positively predicts self-esteem and self-determined motivation, but negatively predicts anxiety. Other results show that self-esteem positively predicts self-determined motivation, whereas anxiety predicts it negatively. Finally, self-determined motivation positively predicts resilience. Indeed, the study demonstrates the influence and the importance of coaches in relation to the emotional intelligence, psychological well-being, and motivational processes of adolescent athletes when the latter engage in their respective sports. These results help to better understand how different behavioral, emotional, and social aspects belonging to the athlete interrelate with one another during competition

International Management of Customer Orientation

This study investigates the role of customer orientation of service employees (COSE) and its influence on customer satisfaction and on electronic word of mouth (e-WOM), with a focus on international management. An empirical study was conducted amongst hotel customers with a final valid sample of 265 respondents. Digital capabilities have been included in the COSE model for the first time. Findings indicate that digital capabilities have a positive influence on customer satisfaction that is mediated by COSE. This study has also compared differences between international and national firms and also considered family businesses and non-family businesses. Results show that international hotels have a higher level of COSE than national hotels, mainly due to the technical skills of the employees, and the presence of a higher level of COSE in family businesses (FBs) rather than in non-family businesses (NFBs). Some contributions to academia and to international management have been discussed

Nuevos retos sobre la fiscalización del Fondo de Aportaciones para la Educación Básica y Normal en el estado de Nayarit

En esta investigación se muestra la imperante necesidad de reorganizar y dar respuesta oportuna a los entes fiscalizadores en el manejo y control de los recursos financieros, humanos y materiales. Este estudio se basa principalmente en mi experiencia como Jefe de la Unidad de Contraloría Interna en los Servicios de Educación Pública del Estado de Nayarit durante el periodo 2007-2012, de igual manera se consideraron datos del periodo 2014-2017. El trabajo se realizó con el procedimiento de investigación descriptiva, estudiando datos cualitativos y cuantitativos considerando y comparando las observaciones y/o recomendaciones hechas por entes fiscalizadores externos. Al realizar este análisis surgieron algunas revelaciones que de manera ininterrumpida y a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados con las reformas educativas presentadas en últimas fechas, en los Servicios de Educación Pública del Estado de Nayarit continúa un bajo control interno tanto en el flujo de información como en el manejo de los recursos descritos anteriormente. Este análisis nos brinda la oportunidad de establecer nuevos retos para concientizar al personal de esta entidad, organizar un área específica que dé continuidad y seguimiento a las observaciones emitidas por órganos fiscalizadores, que implemente y desarrolle mecanismos de control que permitan mejorar la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas de esta entidad educativa.ITESO, A.C

Influence of Teaching Style on Physical Education Adolescents’ Motivation and Health-Related Lifestyle

According to various WHO reports in 2018, a large number of adolescents worldwide are either overweight or obese. This situation is the result of not following a healthy and balanced diet, combined with a lack of practice of physical activity. In this sense, Physical Education classes could help to solve the problem. The present study seeks to analyze the relationship between the role of the teacher in relation to the structural dimensions of the PE teaching environment and the basic psychological needs and self-motivation of adolescents as determinants of their behaviors related to eating habits and the practice of physical activity. A total of 1127 secondary school adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 participated in this study. Questionnaires were used: Perceived Autonomy Support Scale, Psychologically Controlling Teaching Scale, Basic Psychological Needs in Physical Education, Frustration of Psychological Needs in PE context, Physical Activity Class Satisfaction Questionnaire, Perceived Locus of Causality Revised, and WHO’s Global school-based student health survey. A structural equations model was elaborated to explain the causal relationships between the variables. The results showed that autonomy support positively predicted the three structural dimensions of PE classes, while, in contrast, they were negatively predicted by psychological control. The three structural dimensions positively predicted the satisfaction of psychological needs and negatively predicted the thwarting of psychological needs. Self-determined motivation was positively predicted by the satisfaction of psychological needs and negatively predicted by the thwarting of psychological needs. Finally, self-determined motivation positively predicted healthy eating habits and the practice of physical activity and negatively predicted unhealthy eating habits. Certainly, the results obtained in this study support the postulates of the self-determination theory, demonstrating the predictability of PE class context towards the adoption of healthy lifestyle habits, such as a proper diet and the regular practice of physical activity

Predicting the energy consumption of heated plastic greenhouses in south-eastern Spain

[ENG] Measurements of heat consumption in a parral type greenhouse, equipped with an air-heating system, were carried out in south-eastern Spain (Almería) during the 1998/99 winter. From the daily values of heat consumption (Qd, MJ m-2 d-1) recorded in five identical greenhouses heated to different night temperature set-points (Tc), and data of minimum outside air temperature (Te,min), relationships between Qd and the temperature difference (ΔTmin = Tc – Te,min) were established. Linear regressions between Qd and ΔTmin gave satisfactory fits (R2 ranging from 0.75 to 0.83), considering that Te,min was the only input data for the model. When all data were pooled, the correlation was curvilinear, the best fit to a 2nd order polynomial being Qd = 0.049 ΔTmin 2 – 0.001 ΔTmin + 1.107 (R2 = 0.89). Validation of this model was performed using data obtained during other years, giving a fair agreement at the daily (R2 = 0.86), 10-day (R2 = 0.95) and yearly (R2 = 0.99) time scales. This simple model could be of interest to growers for decision-making related to the choice of set-point temperature and crop planning in heated greenhouses.[ESP] Se realizaron medidas de consumo de energía de la calefacción por aire caliente en invernaderos tipo parral durante la campaña 1998/99 en el sureste de España (Almería). Se determinaron relaciones adecuadas, para cinco invernaderos calentados a diferentes temperaturas nocturnas de consigna (Tc), entre los valores de consumos diarios de energía (Qd, MJ m-2 d-1) y la diferencia (ΔTmin) entre la temperatura de consigna de calefacción y la temperatura mínima exterior (Te,min). La regresión lineal entre Qd y ΔTmin fue satisfactoria (R2 varió entre 0,75 y 0,83), considerando que Te,min fue la única variable de entrada para el modelo. Cuando se analizaron todos los datos en conjunto, la correlación fue curvilínea, siendo el mejor ajuste para un polinomio de 2º orden, Qd = 0,049 ΔTmin 2 – 0,001 ΔTmin + 1,107 (R2 = 0,89). La validación de este modelo fue realizada utilizando datos de otros años, mostrando un ajuste adecuado para los periodos diarios (R2 = 0,86), 10-días (R2 = 0,95) y anuales (R2 = 0,99). Este sencillo modelo puede ser de interés para los agricultores a la hora de tomar decisiones sobre el mercado, escoger la temperatura de consigna y programar el periodo de calefacción del invernadero