FASES EN LA ELABORACIÓN DEL DUELO Y RELIGIOSIDAD

En este estudio nos interesa conocer las diferencias existentes en las manifestaciones de duelo y las estrategias de afrontamiento en función del tiempo transcurrido desde el enviudamiento y del grado de religiosidad del individuo. Se han empleado tres instrumentos que valoran la personalidad, estado actual y estrategias de afrontamiento de una muestra de 12 participantes en cuatro grupos: en función del período transcurrido desde el fallecimiento (1 mes vs 1 año) y del grado de religiosidad (creyente vs no creyente). El análisis estadístico con la U de Mann-Whitney y la comparación de medianas indicaron discrepancias en la adaptación a la pérdida de la pareja entre los grupos, tanto a la hora de valorar la fase del duelo, como el grado de religiosidad; presentándose diferencias significativas en las actividades de afrontamiento y creencias en ambos casos, y en las variables de personalidad de acuerdo con el grado de religiosidad

A path model of university dropout predictors: the role of satisfaction, the use of self-regulation learning strategies and students' engagement

University dropout is a phenomenon that is a concern in many countries all over the world. However, although there are studies in which the direct relationship of the personal and contextual variables is observed individually to predict dropout, there is little research to know whether any of these variables mediate each other in a more dynamic and complex model. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the extent to which the intention to drop out of university courses is predicted by (i) satisfaction and expectations with the course, (ii) engagement with the course, and (iii) by the use of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) strategies. Eight hundred and seventy-seven students from two Spanish universities completed the CARE questionnaire. Path analyses were performed using Mplus 8.3. The data obtained indicate that the intention to drop out is directly and significantly explained by students´ engagement (in 17.8%) and indirectly explained by the use of SRL strategies through engagement. Changes in engagement and in the use of SRL strategies were seen to be associated with satisfaction. Finally, the effect of satisfaction and the use of SRL strategies explained a proportion of students’ engagement (53.6%). It is important for research or interventions focused on students’ intention to drop out to understand that there are multiple variables that both directly and indirectly influence those intentions.This research was funded by the Severo Ochoa Program of the Government of the Principality of Asturias, grant number BP20-116

Abordagem dos alunos à aprendizagem: análise do construto

A partir dos anos 70, emergiram dois referenciais para se investigar as abordagens dos alunos à aprendizagem. O primeiro, qualitativo, baseado nos estudos de Marton e colaboradores; o outro, desenvolvido por Biggs e colaboradores, e por Entwistle. O QPA (Questionário de Processos de Aprendizagem), uma adaptação para a língua portuguesa do Learning Processes Questionnaire, foi usado para avaliar as abordagens à aprendizagem. A dimensionalidade desse instrumento tem sido discutida na literatura, perguntando-se se três fatores (superficial, profundo e de alto rendimento) mostraram a descrição mais apropriada do construto. Os dados obtidos reforçam a convicção de que existem duas orientações fundamentais à aprendizagem, distinguindo-se pela presença ou ausência da intenção para compreender o material a aprender, tal como foi sugerido nos estudos iniciais por Marton e Säljö. Ressalta-se a necessidade de uma discussão complementar sobre a natureza substantiva da abordagem de alto rendimento em futuras investigações.Starting from the seventies, two frameworks investigating the approaches to learning emerged. The first one, qualitative, from Marton and collaborators’ studies, and the other one developed by Biggs and collaborators, and by Entwistle. Approaches to the learning evaluation was done with QPA (Questionário de Processos da Aprendizagem), a portuguese adaptation of Learning Processes Questionnaire. The dimensional structure of approaches to learning has been discussed in the literature, wondering if three factors superficial, deep and strategic, showed the most appropriate description of the construct. The data reinforce the conviction of two fundamental orientations to learning standing for the presence or absence of the intention to understand the material to learn, just as suggested in the initial studies by Marton and Saljo. A complementary discussion on the substantive nature of the strategic approach is needed on future research

The academic learning viewed from the perspective of John Biggs' «3P model»

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la contrastación de un modelo teórico de aprendizaje en el cual se postula que, de acuerdo con el Modelo 3P (Biggs, 1987a, 1993a), las variables de presagio inciden sobre las de producto, mediadas por las de proceso. El modelo ha sido analizado en base a las respuestas dadas por 561 estudiantes portugueses de Educación Secundaria, a un conjunto de instrumentos de medida (Inventario de Estilos de Pensamiento IEP, Batería de Pruebas de Razonamiento Diferencial BPRD, Cuestionario de Estrategias de Autorregulación del Aprendizaje, cuestiones para evaluar las concepciones de aprendizaje, metas escolares y un problema evaluado a partir de la taxonomía SOLO) y el rendimiento final del curso en diferentes áreas académicas. Los resultados confirman las hipótesis formuladas en el modelo postulado en esta investigación y son discutidas algunas consecuencias para la práctica educativa y para el desarrollo de los alumnos.The academic learning viewed from the perspective of John Biggs’ «3P model». The authors tested a theoretical model in which is postulated that, in accordance with the Pattern 3P (Biggs, 1987a, 1993a) the presage variables, impact on those of product, mediated by those of process. The model was contrasted in a group of 561 portuguese students of Secondary Education, using the following instruments: Inventory of Thinking Styles IEP, Battery of Differential Reasoning Tests BPRD, Questionnaire of Self-regulation learning strategies, questions to evaluate the learning conceptions, school goals and a problem evaluated with the SOLO taxonomy. Academic Achievement was measured by the grades obtained by the students in different areas at the end of academic year. The results confirm the hypotheses formulated in the pattern postulated in this investigation. Consequences for the educational practice and the promoting of students learning are discussed

Globular clusters: DNA of early-type galaxies?

This paper explores if the mean properties of early-type galaxies (ETGs) can be reconstructed from 'genetic' information stored in their globular clusters (GCs; i.e. in their chemical abundances, spatial distributions and ages). This approach implies that the formation of each globular occurs in very massive stellar environments, as suggested by some models that aim at explaining the presence of multipopulations in these systems. The assumption that the relative number of GCs to diffuse stellar mass depends exponentially on chemical abundance, [Z/H], and the presence of two dominant GC subpopulations (blue and red), allows the mapping of low-metallicity haloes and of higher metallicity (and more heterogeneous) bulges. In particular, the masses of the low-metallicity haloes seem to scale up with dark matter mass through a constant. We also find a dependence of the GC formation efficiency with the mean projected stellar mass density of the galaxies within their effective radii. The analysis is based on a selected subsample of galaxies observed within the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey of the Hubble Space Telescope. These systems were grouped, according to their absolute magnitudes, in order to define composite fiducial galaxies and look for a quantitative connection with their (also composite) GCs systems. The results strengthen the idea that GCs are good quantitative tracers of both baryonic and dark matter in ETGs.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y GeofísicasInstituto de Astrofísica de La Plat

Programas de treino cognitivo: descrição e avaliação

[Resumo] Assiste-se a um interesse crescente das escolas pelos programas de treino cognitivo, acreditando-se no seu efeito benéfico, por exemplo, junto de alunos com dificuldades na aprendizagem e na realizac;ao cognitiva. Reunindo um conjunto diverso de programas, este artigo descreve os referenciais teóricos e elementos avaliativos de programas com maior uso internacional e de outros com alguma difusao em Portugal e Espanha. Com base nos programas examinados, apontam-se as dificuldades mais frequentemente apontadas afundamentação, aplicação e avaliação destes programas. As quest6es em aberto prendem-se com os ganhos efectivos, com a sua permanencia no tempo e com a generalização para as situaçoes quotidianas dos sujeitos, e em particular para a aprendizagem escolar. Diversas dificuldades metodológicas sao apontadas ainvestigac;ao nesta área, mesmo assim salienta-se que importa complementar a crença intuitiva quanto ao interesse deste tipo de programas com dados empíricos que certifiquem a eficácia efectiva do treino proporcionado

Tracing the assembly history of NGC 1395 through its Globular Cluster System

We used deep Gemini-South/GMOS g'r'i'z' images to study the globular cluster (GC) system of the massive elliptical galaxy NGC1395, located in the Eridanus supergroup. The photometric analysis of the GC candidates reveals a clear colour bimodality distribution, indicating the presence of 'blue' and 'red' GC subpopulations. While a negative radial colour gradient is detected in the projected spatial distribution of the red GCs, the blue GCs display a shallow colour gradient. The blue GCs also display a remarkable shallow and extended surface density profile, suggesting a significant accretion of low-mass satellites in the outer halo of the galaxy. In addition, the slope of the projected spatial distribution of the blue GCs in the outer regions of the galaxy, is similar to that of the X-ray halo emission. Integrating up to 165 kpc the profile of the projected spatial distribution of the GCs, we estimated a total GC population and specific frequency of 6000 ± 1100 and S N = 7.4 ± 1.4, respectively. Regarding NGC1395 itself, the analysis of the deep Gemini/GMOS images shows a low surface brightness umbrella-like structure indicating, at least, one recent merger event. Through relations recently published in the literature, we obtained global parameters, such as M stellar = 9.32 × 10 11 M⊙ and M h = 6.46 × 10 13 M⊙. Using public spectroscopic data, we derive stellar population parameters of the central region of the galaxy by the full spectral fitting technique. We have found that this region seems to be dominated for an old stellar population, in contrast to findings of young stellar populations from the literature.Instituto de Astrofísica de La PlataFacultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Tracing the assembly history of NGC 1395 through its Globular Cluster System

We used deep Gemini-South/GMOS g'r'i'z' images to study the globular cluster (GC) system of the massive elliptical galaxy NGC1395, located in the Eridanus supergroup. The photometric analysis of the GC candidates reveals a clear colour bimodality distribution, indicating the presence of 'blue' and 'red' GC subpopulations. While a negative radial colour gradient is detected in the projected spatial distribution of the red GCs, the blue GCs display a shallow colour gradient. The blue GCs also display a remarkable shallow and extended surface density profile, suggesting a significant accretion of low-mass satellites in the outer halo of the galaxy. In addition, the slope of the projected spatial distribution of the blue GCs in the outer regions of the galaxy, is similar to that of the X-ray halo emission. Integrating up to 165 kpc the profile of the projected spatial distribution of the GCs, we estimated a total GC population and specific frequency of 6000 ± 1100 and S N = 7.4 ± 1.4, respectively. Regarding NGC1395 itself, the analysis of the deep Gemini/GMOS images shows a low surface brightness umbrella-like structure indicating, at least, one recent merger event. Through relations recently published in the literature, we obtained global parameters, such as M stellar = 9.32 × 10 11 M⊙ and M h = 6.46 × 10 13 M⊙. Using public spectroscopic data, we derive stellar population parameters of the central region of the galaxy by the full spectral fitting technique. We have found that this region seems to be dominated for an old stellar population, in contrast to findings of young stellar populations from the literature.Instituto de Astrofísica de La PlataFacultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísica

Análisis preliminar de un servicio expreso derivado de la ruta P8 del Sistema Integrado de Transporte Masivo (SITM) Metrolínea en Bucaramanga

En este artículo se presenta un análisis preliminar para la implementación de un servicio expreso derivado de la ruta P8 del SITM Metrolínea en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga Colombia. Se revisaron los antecedentes referentes a metodologías adoptadas en servicios expresos o servicios de parada limitada, identificando factores influyentes para la efectiva implementación del servicio. Los datos que respaldan el análisis se han tomado de encuestas realizadas a los usuarios de la ruta en estudio y de observaciones efectuadas en paradas y estaciones del SITM, vehículos de la ruta y el corredor de la ruta. Se analizan las posibles modalidades de servicio expreso junto con la evaluación de las condiciones actuales de la ruta P8, del SITM y del área metropolitana. Se concluye que el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga y el SITM necesitan mejoras, primordialmente en infraestructura, para la efectiva implementación de un servicio expreso que cumpla con la demanda y necesidades de los usuarios

Molecular Characterization of the First Bovine Herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) Strains Isolated from In Vitro Bovine Embryos production in Argentina

Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is increasingly considered as responsible for various problems of the reproductive tract. The virus infects mainly blood mononuclear cells and displays specific tropism for vascular endothelia, reproductive and fetal tissues. Epidemiological studies suggest its impact on reproductive performance, and its presence in various sites in the reproductive tract highlights its potential transmission in transfer-stage embryos. This work describes the biological and genetic characterization of BoHV-4 strains isolated from an in vitro bovine embryo production system. BoHV-4 strains were isolated in 2011 and 2013 from granulosa cells and bovine oocytes from ovary batches collected at a local abattoir, used as “starting material” for in vitro production of bovine embryos. Compatible BoHV-4-CPE was observed in the co-culture of granulosa cells and oocytes with MDBK cells. The identity of the isolates was confirmed by PCR assays targeting three ORFs of the viral genome. The phylogenetic analyses of the strains suggest that they were evolutionary unlinked. Therefore it is possible that BoHV-4 ovary infections occurred regularly along the evolution of the virus, at least in Argentina, which can have implications in the systems of in vitro embryo production. Thus, although BoHV-4 does not appear to be a frequent risk factor for in vitro embryo production, data are still limited. This study reveals the potential of BoHV-4 transmission via embryo transfer. Moreover, the high variability among the BoHV-4 strains isolated from aborted cows in Argentina highlights the importance of further research on the role of this virus as an agent with the potential to cause reproductive disease in cattle. The genetic characterization of the isolated strains provides data to better understand the pathogenesis of BoHV-4 infections. Furthermore, it will lead to fundamental insights into the molecular aspects of the virus and the means by which these strains circulate in the herds.EEA BalcarceFil: Gonzalez Altamiranda, Erika Analia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Manrique, Julieta Marina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Trelew; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Sandra. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rios, Glenda Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Odeón, Anselmo Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Leunda, Maria Rosa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Jones, Leandro Roberto. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Trelew; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Verna, Andrea Elizabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentin