A importância da segurança e privacidade da informação. Análise do estudo elaborado pelo Estado para a implementação do registo de saúde electrónico

A análise que tem vindo a ser efectuada, paralelamente a experiências diversas de implementação de registos de dados pessoais de utentes das unidades de saúde, em particular no que concerne à protecção da privacidade, enquanto valor intrínseco à pessoa humana, encontra novos contornos face ao recente trabalho realizado no âmbito da Administração Central dos Sistemas de Saúde para a implementação do “Registo de Saúde Electrónico”. Este trabalho pretende analisar a bipolarização de interesses em questão. Por um lado o interesse público de adopção de um sistema de informação único, por outro lado a necessária protecção à privacidade do ser humano.The analysis that for years has been made, simultaneously with some implementation experiences of personal data records for the health facilities users, particularly as regards of the privacy protection, while intrinsic human value, find new contours in the recent presented work made by the Central Government Health Systems, for the implementations of the electronic health personal data. In this paper we intend to analyze the unquestioned polarization of interests concerned. On the one hand the public interest in adoption of a single information system, on the other hand the necessary protection of the legal human privacy

Internal ballistics simulation of a solid propellant rocket motor

In the design and development of solid propellant rocket motors, the use of numerical tools able to simulate, predict and reconstruct the behaviour of a given motor in all its operative conditions is particularly important in order to decrease all the planning and costs. This study is devoted to present an approach to the numerical simulation of a given SPRM internal ballistics, NAWC no. 13, during the quasi steady state by means of a commercial numerical tool, ANSYS FLUENT. The internal ballistics model constructed in this study is a 2-D axisymmetric model, based on several assumptions. Among them is the assumption that there is no contribution of the erosive burning and the dynamic burning in the burning rate model. The results of the internal ballistics simulation are compared with the results found in the bibliographical research, thus validating the model that has been set up. The validation of the results also allows us to conclude that the assumptions made in the construction of the model are reasonable. Suggestions and recommendations for further study are outlined.Na concepção e desenvolvimento de motores foguete sólidos, o uso de ferramentas numéricas capazes de simular, prever e reconstruir o comportamento de um dado do motor em todas as condições operativas ´e particularmente importante, a fim de diminuir todos os custos e planeamento. Este estudo ´e dedicado a apresentar uma abordagem para a simulação numérica de balística interna de um determinado motor foguete de propelente sólido, Naval Air Warfare Center no. 13, durante a fase quasi steady state por meio de uma ferramenta numérica comercial, ANSYS FLUENT. O modelo de balística interna construído neste estudo é um modelo axissimétrico 2-D. Tem por base vários pressupostos. Entre eles, está o pressuposto de que não há contribuição da queima erosiva e da queima dinâmica no modelo da taxa de queima. Os resultados da simulação balística interna são comparados com os resultados encontrados na pesquisa bibliográfica, validando assim, o modelo que foi construído. A validação dos resultados também nos permite concluir que os pressupostos assumidos na construção do modelo são razoáveis. Sugestões e recomendações para um estudo mais aprofundado são delineadas

Strategy for data cybersecurity in european health data ecosystem

This study aims to analyze the Strategy for Data Cybersecurity in the European Health Data Ecosystem, to be implemented in 2025. The document analysis was carried out to map the different proposals for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council, regarding the sharing of the Electronic Health Record in the European space, and the General Data Protection Regulation implemented in the European Union. After an exhaustive documentary analysis, inconsistencies or flaws were detected that could compromise the rights of citizens enshrined in the General Data Protection Regulation.This study aims to analyze the Strategy for Data Cybersecurity in the European Health Data Ecosystem, to be implemented in 2025. The document analysis was carried out to map the different proposals for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council, regarding the sharing of the Electronic Health Record in the European space, and the General Data Protection Regulation implemented in the European Union. After an exhaustive documentary analysis, inconsistencies or flaws were detected that could compromise the rights of citizens enshrined in the General Data Protection Regulation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prevalência da obesidade numa população adolescente da Covilhã

Introdução: A obesidade é considerada actualmente como uma ―epidemia‖ pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, constituindo um problema de saúde pelo aumento progressivo do número de indivíduos com excesso de peso, entre estes destacam-se os adolescentes devido aos impactos a médio e longo prazo na sua saúde e nos serviços de cuidados de saúde. Objectivo: Determinar a prevalência da obesidade em adolescentes e explorar a sua relação com alguns factores. Métodos: O presente trabalho de investigação é um estudo descritivo e transversal. A amostra foi constituída por 380 adolescentes, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 18 anos de uma escola secundária da Covilhã seleccionada através de um processo de amostragem não probabilístico. Para a determinação do estado nutricional foram usados os pontes de corte, para o índice de massa corporal, do Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2000. Resultados: Aproximadamente um em cada cinco adolescentes apresentou excesso de peso (valores de índice de massa corporal iguais ou superior ao percentil 85). Destes, 13,2% podem ser classificados como pré-obesos (igual ou superior ao percentil 85 e inferiores ao percentil 95), com predominância do sexo feminino. A prevalência da obesidade (superior ao percentil 95) foi 7,4%, com predominância no sexo masculino. Verificou-se ainda uma força de associação muito fraca para o género, alguns dos hábitos alimentares e comportamentais com o estado nutricional. Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo evidencia uma taxa significativa de pré-obesidade e obesidade em adolescentes o que constitui um problema de saúde importante e complexo que urge ser estudado e alertam para a necessidade de desenvolver programas atractivos, inovadores e dirigidos à motivação e envolvimento dos jovens na prática desportiva, por se ter concluído que constitui um elemento importante para o combate à obesidade.Introduction: Obesity, currently considered as an "epidemic" by the World Health Organization, is a global health problem, due to the progressive increase in the number of individuals with excess weight Among those, young people are especially important because of the consequent risks to health in the medium and long term and impact on health care services. Objective: To determine the prevalence of obesity in adolescents and explore its relationship with a group of factors. Methods: This is a descriptive and transversal study. The sample was composed by 380 adolescents, aged between 12 and 18 years of a secondary school of Covilhã, selected through a non-probabilistic sampling method. To determine the nutritional status the rules of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention for 2000 were used. Results: Approximately one in five teenagers had overweight (percentiles values above the 85th of body mass index). Of these, 13.2% can be classified as pre-obese (between the 85th to 95th percentiles), predominantly female. The prevalence of obesity (equal or above the 95th percentile) was 7.4%, with predominance in males. There is still a very low strength of association for the genre, some dietary habits and behavior with the nutritional status. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a significant rate of pre-obesity and obesity in adolescents, what should be considered as an important and complex health problem, to be studied and stresses the need to develop attractive, innovative and driven to the motivation and involvement of young people in sport, because it was concluded that an important element in the fight against obesity

A missing dimension in measures of vaccination impacts

Immunological protection, acquired from either natural infection or vaccination, varies among hosts, reflecting underlying biological variation and affecting population-level protection. Owing to the nature of resistance mechanisms, distributions of susceptibility and protection entangle with pathogen dose in a way that can be decoupled by adequately representing the dose dimension. Any infectious processes must depend in some fashion on dose, and empirical evidence exists for an effect of exposure dose on the probability of transmission to mumps-vaccinated hosts [1], the case-fatality ratio of measles [2], and the probability of infection and, given infection, of symptoms in cholera [3]. Extreme distributions of vaccine protection have been termed leaky (partially protects all hosts) and all-or-nothing (totally protects a proportion of hosts) [4]. These distributions can be distinguished in vaccine field trials from the time dependence of infections [5]. Frailty mixing models have also been proposed to estimate the distribution of protection from time to event data [6], [7], although the results are not comparable across regions unless there is explicit control for baseline transmission [8]. Distributions of host susceptibility and acquired protection can be estimated from dose-response data generated under controlled experimental conditions [9]–[11] and natural settings [12], [13]. These distributions can guide research on mechanisms of protection, as well as enable model validity across the entire range of transmission intensities. We argue for a shift to a dose-dimension paradigm in infectious disease science and community health