Evidências de transmissão infantil do sars-cov-2 e medidas mitigatórias para reabertura escolar segura durante a pandemia da covid-19: revisão integrativa

Objective:toidentify in theliteraturewhatscientificevidenceisavailableonthe role ofchildren in thetransmissionof SARS-CoV-2 andthereopeningofschoolssafelyduringthe COVID-19 pandemic. Method:thisisanintegrativeliterature review, whichwasdevelopedfromthesearch in thefollowingdatabases: MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF ofarticlespublishedbetweenMarch 11, 2020 andMarch 11, 2021. Results: It wasevidencedthatchildrencanbepartofthetransmission network, however, theyhave a smaller drive, andtheirtransmissioncapacityislessexpressiveandthatcanbeminimizedwithmitigationmea sures in whichthey are focusedonhandhygiene, use ofmasks, extensivetesting, contacttracing, physicaldistancingandisolationwhen positive for COVID-19.Final considerations:well-definedpreventivemeasuresand in a contextwheretheinfrastructureandsanitaryconditions are effective, togetherwiththecontroloftransmission in thecommunity, it ispossibletokeepschools open withoutsignificantrisk in communitytransmissionduringthepandemicperiod.Objetivo: identificar na literatura quais são as evidências científicas disponíveis sobre o papel das crianças na transmissão do SARS-CoV-2 e a reabertura das escolas de forma segura durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a qual foi desenvolvida a partir da busca nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF de artigos publicados no período entre 11 de março de 2020 e 11 de março de 2021. Resultados: Foi evidenciado que as crianças podem fazer parte da rede de transmissão, contudo, possuem um menor drive, sendo sua capacidade de transmissão menos expressiva e que podem ser minimizadas com medidas de mitigação nas quais estão voltadas para higiene das mãos, uso de máscaras, ampla testagem, rastreamento de contactantes, distanciamento físico e isolamento quando positivo para COVID-19. Considerações finais: medidas preventivas bem delimitadas e em contexto onde a infra-estrutura e as condições sanitárias são eficazes juntamente com o controle da transmissão na comunidade é possível manter as escolas abertas sem risco significativo na transmissão comunitária durante o período pandêmico

Ações de enfermagem aos pais frente à perda neonatal: Revisão integrativa / Nursing actions for parents face to perinatal death: Integrative review

Introdução: O processo de morte/morrer ainda é pouco debatido e questionado entre os profissionais de enfermagem da Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Neonatal, mesmo sendo um fenômeno que está presente no cotidiano do serviço. Objetivo: Identificar as ações de enfermagem aos pais sobre a perda neonatal e conhecer o papel do enfermeiro nesse contexto. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, incluindo as bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Banco de Dados de Enfermagem e Scientific Electronic Library Online. Resultados: Foram selecionados 13 artigos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e responderam à pergunta norteadora: “Quais as estratégias realizadas pela enfermagem à família frente à morte neonatal?”. Os profissionais de enfermagem indicaram a complexidade de lidar com a perda e de como anunciar isso aos familiares se torna uma tarefa árdua e difícil. Conclusão: É necessário haver o aperfeiçoamento de temas relacionados à morte neonatal com os profissionais, cujas ações podem ser realizadas em quatro passos: estabelecimento de vínculo, esclarecimento de dúvidas, encorajamento de atitudes positivas e o apoio psicoterapêutico e cuidado humanizado. 

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Discordance between the patient's and physician's global assessment in rheumatoid arthritis: Data from the REAL study-Brazil.

BACKGROUND:Discordance between patient's global assessment (PtGA) and physician's global assessment (PhGA) has been described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Understanding the reasons for this discrepancy is important in the context of treat-to-target treatment strategy. OBJECTIVE:To assess the determinants of PtGA and PhGA and factors associated with discordance between them. METHODS:The REAL study included RA patients from Brazilian public health centers. Clinical, laboratory and outcomes measures were collected. PtGA and the PhGA were rated on a visual analog scale and analyzed. Three groups were defined: no discordance (difference between PtGA and PhGA within 3 cm), positive discordance (PtGA exceeding PhGA by >3 cm), and negative discordance (PtGA less than PhGA by >3 cm). Multivariate regression analysis was used to identify determinants of PtGA and PhGA and their discordance. RESULTS:1115 patients (89,4% female, mean age 56.7y and median disease duration of 12.7y) were enrolled. Two factors were associated with PtGA in the final multivariate model: one point increase in the pain scale leads to an increase of 0.62 in PtGA; one point increase in HAQ increases by 9,25 points the PtGA. The factors associated with PhGA were pain scale, number of tender and swollen joints (NTJ and NSJ), positive RF, ESR, HAQ-DI and use of corticosteroids. Discordance between patient and physician was found in 30.52%: positive discordance in 24.6% and negative discordance in 5.92%. An increase of one point in the NSJ was associated with a 12% increase in the chance of negative discordance. The chance of positive discordance increased by 90% and 2% for each unit increased in HAQ-DI and pain scale respectively. Finally, the chance of positive discordance decreased by 3% for each point increased in NTJ and by 15% for each point increased in NSJ. CONCLUSION:In one-third of the assessments, there was disagreement between PtGA and PhGA (a positive discordance was found in 80% of them). Pain and function were determinants for patients to estimate disease activity, while swollen joints was the main factor related to a worse physician's evaluation. These data show how different can be the perspectives of patients and assistants

O Protagonismo Infantojuvenil nos Processos Educomunicativos

Neste volume “O protagonismo infantojuvenil nos processos educomunicativos”, reunimos 53 artigos que transitam sobre a temática do protagonismo infantojuvenil em diversas experiências e processos educomunicativos e para facilitar sua leitura e busca por temas de seu interesse, eles estão organizados em 8 capítulos que abordam a educomunicação a partir do fazer das crianças e da apropriação da produção midiática. Expressão artística, rádio, vídeo, jornalismo, cultura digital, redes sociais entre outros são os temas abordados pelos autores destes trabalhos. convidamos o leitor a mergulhar nesta jornada educomunicativa, vivendo e revivendo junto conosco essas experiências vividas por outros, refletindo em cada texto sobre como estamos, como evoluímos e como seguimos os passos daqueles que com sua ousadia, amor e luta elaboraram os fundamentos da educomunicação

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data