Housing First Feasibility Study for the Liverpool City Region : Final Report

This study was commissioned by Crisis, with funding from the (UK Government) Department for Communities and Local Government and the Housing First Europe Hub. It was conducted by a consortium led by Imogen Blood & Associates and including Housing & Support Partnership, HGO Consultancy, and the Centre for Housing Policy (University of York). The study aimed to test the feasibility of implementing Housing First at scale within the Liverpool City Region (LCR) by using a wide range of quantitative and qualitative data from LCR to develop, evaluate and propose a model for implementing Housing First at scale within the region; assessing the financial and commissioning implications of making the transition to this model; and, understanding the local and national policy changes needed to support this model

Ultimately other services finish at 5pm : Research into the supported housing sector’s impact on homelessness prevention, health and wellbeing

Our findings evidence the substantial impact which the sector is having on reducing homelessness, and improving health and wellbeing for people experiencing multiple disadvantage. Without supported housing, there would be significantly higher levels of homelessness and far fewer people would be receiving the support they need to sustain their accommodation. However, it is also clear that the return on investment of public monies in this sector could be increase

Anion‐π catalysis enabled by the mechanical bond

We report a series of rotaxane-based anion–π catalysts in which the mechanical bond between a bipyridine macrocycle and an axle containing an NDI unit is intrinsic to the activity observed, including a [3]rotaxane that catalyses an otherwise disfavoured Michael addition in >60 fold selectivity over a competing decarboxylation pathway that dominates under Brønsted base conditions. The results are rationalized by detailed experimental investigations, electrochemical and computational analysis

Direct Detection of Hydrogen Bonds in Supramolecular Systems Using 1H-15N HMQC

Hydrogen-bonded supramolecular systems are usually characterized in solution through analysis of NMR data such as complexation induced shifts and nuclear Overhauser effects (nOe). Routine direct detection of hydrogen-bonding particularly in multicomponent mixtures, even with the aid of 2D NMR experiments for full assignment, is more challenging. We describe an elementary rapid 1H-15N HMQC NMR experiment which addresses these challenges without the need for complex pulse sequences. Under readily accessible conditions, (243/263 K, 50 mmol solutions) and natural 15N abundance, un-ambiguous assignment of 15N resonances facilitates direct detection of intra- and intermolecular hydro-gen-bonds in mechanically interlocked structures and quadruply hydrogen-bonded dimers – of dialkylureidopyrimidinones (AUPy), Ureidopyrimidinones (UPy), and diamidonaphthyridines (DAN) – in single or multicomponent mixtures to establish tautomeric configuration, conformation, and, to resolve self-sorted speciation

Anion-π Catalysis Enabled by the Mechanical Bond

We report a series of rotaxane-based anion-π catalysts in which the mechanical bond between a bipyridine macrocycle and an axle containing an NDI unit is intrinsic to the activity observed, including a [3]rotaxane that catalyses an otherwise disfavoured Michael addition in >60 fold selectivity over a competing decarboxylation pathway that dominates under Brønsted base conditions. The results are rationalized by detailed experimental investigations, electrochemical and computational analysis

Active Metal Template Synthesis of [2]Catenanes

The synthesis of [2]catenanes by single macrocyclization and double macrocyclization strategies using Cu(l) ions to catalyze covalent bond formation while simultaneously acting as the template for the mechanically interlocked structure is reported. These "active metal template" strategies employ appropriately functionalized pyridine ether or bipyridine ligands and either the CuAAC "click" reaction of azides with terminal alkynes or the Cul(l)-mediated Cadiot-Chodkiewicz heterocoupling of an alkyne halide with a terminal alkyne. Using one macrocyclic and one acyclic building block, heterocircuit (the rings are constitutionally different) [2]catenanes are produced via the single macrocyclization route in up to 53% yield by optimizing the reaction conditions and relative stoichiometry of the starting materials. Alternatively, with the active template CuAAC reaction, a single acyclic unit can be used to form a homocircuit (two identical rings) [2]catenane in 46% yield through a one-pot, double macrocyclization, procedure. Remarkably, <7% of the corresponding noninterlocked macrocycle is isolated from this reaction, indicating the efficacy of Cu(l) as both a template for the catenane and a catalyst for covalent bond formation in the reaction

Microfluidic dielectrophoretic sorter using gel vertical electrodes.

We report the development and results of a two-step method for sorting cells and small particles in a microfluidic device. This approach uses a single microfluidic channel that has (1) a microfabricated sieve which efficiently focuses particles into a thin stream, followed by (2) a dielectrophoresis (DEP) section consisting of electrodes along the channel walls for efficient continuous sorting based on dielectric properties of the particles. For our demonstration, the device was constructed of polydimethylsiloxane, bonded to a glass surface, and conductive agarose gel electrodes. Gold traces were used to make electrical connections to the conductive gel. The device had several novel features that aided performance of the sorting. These included a sieving structure that performed continuous displacement of particles into a single stream within the microfluidic channel (improving the performance of downstream DEP, and avoiding the need for additional focusing flow inlets), and DEP electrodes that were the full height of the microfluidic walls ("vertical electrodes"), allowing for improved formation and control of electric field gradients in the microfluidic device. The device was used to sort polymer particles and HeLa cells, demonstrating that this unique combination provides improved capability for continuous DEP sorting of particles in a microfluidic device

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Weak interaction, switchable, rotaxane-based molecular shuttles, in which the positional fidelity of the macrocycle is conferred by a single hydrogen bond in each state, are constructed through the high-yielding and selective active template heterocoupling of different functionalized alkynes using the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz reactio

Active-Metal Template Synthesis of a Molecular Trefoil Knot

Tying the knot: The marriage of catalysis and coordination chemistry enables two CuI ions (red; see picture) to work in partnership for the synthesis of a molecular trefoil knot. One ion entangles an acyclic building block to create a loop in the ligand, and the other gathers the ligand's reactive end-groups, threads the loop, and catalyzes the covalent capture of the knotted architecture by an alkyne–azide “click” reaction