Estudio descriptivo sobre el proceso de comunicar el diagnóstico y el pronóstico en oncología

Comunicar malas noticias es una tarea compleja. Más aún cuando la enfermedad a comunicar incluye la palabra cáncer. Este tér¬mino que tiene connotaciones culturales nega¬tivas, tiene además una enorme variabilidad de enfoques en los diferentes países. El objetivo de este trabajo fue profundizar en el proceso de comunicación diagnóstica entre el médico oncólogo, los pacientes y la familia. Por ello, en primer lugar queríamos conocer la informa¬ción que tiene el paciente sobre su enfermedad antes de la primera entrevista con el oncólogo y, en segundo lugar conocer que expresiones se utilizan para informar sobre el diagnóstico y el pronóstico a los pacientes. La muestra es¬tuvo compuesta por 105 pacientes nuevos con diagnóstico de cáncer. Para ello se diseñó una hoja de recogida de datos de la primera entre¬vista. Los resultados obtenidos nos indican que los pacientes acuden a la primera entrevista con información variable, algunos han reci¬bido información específica, otros, ninguna información o esta es inespecífica. Respecto al diagnóstico, ocurre que muchos de los pa¬cientes salen de la primera consulta sin haber escuchado que padecen un tipo de cáncer. Y además, la mayoría obtienen la información del posible pronóstico de su enfermedad. Por tanto, el oncólogo en su primera visita con el paciente recoge la información previa que éste tiene, la reconstruye y modela en términos de “verdad soportable”, por tanto, la información se va adaptando a la necesidad del paciente.Giving bad news is hard work. Even more when the illness you must tell your patient in¬cludes the world cancer. The aim of this work was to study in depth how the news of a ter¬minal illness was broken among oncologist doctor, patients and family. Therefore, first we wanted to know what the patient knew about his illness before the first appointment with the oncologist. Second we wanted to know what kinds of expressions are used to inform the patients about the diagnosis and the prog¬nosis. The sample was made up of 105 new patients with a cancer diagnosis. Therefore a first data page was made for the first interview. The results show us that the patients went to the appointment with a variety of knowled¬ge, some of them having specific information; others knew nothing or just a little. Regarding to the diagnosis, a lot of patients left the first appointment without hearing that they suffered from some kind of cancer. They mostly obtain the information of the possible prognosis of their illness, in this moment. The¬refore, in the first appointment the oncologist gets to know what information the patient has previously. Then he remakes and shapes the information to build a “bearable truth”, so the information gets adjusted to what the patient needs

Studying Paths of Participation in Viral Diffusion Process

Authors propose a conceptual model of participation in viral diffusion process composed of four stages: awareness, infection, engagement and action. To verify the model it has been applied and studied in the virtual social chat environment settings. The study investigates the behavioral paths of actions that reflect the stages of participation in the diffusion and presents shortcuts, that lead to the final action, i.e. the attendance in a virtual event. The results show that the participation in each stage of the process increases the probability of reaching the final action. Nevertheless, the majority of users involved in the virtual event did not go through each stage of the process but followed the shortcuts. That suggests that the viral diffusion process is not necessarily a linear sequence of human actions but rather a dynamic system.Comment: In proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Social Informatics, SocInfo 201

Estudio descriptivo sobre el recuerdo del paciente tras la comunicación del diagnóstico y del pronóstico en oncología

The communication doctor – patient plays a fundamental role in their relationship. Bad communication can imply a negative influence between patient and his family. The aim of this work is to obtain better insight in the process of the information that is contributed by the medical oncologist and to check whether the patients remembers this information after fifteen days. The information we present corresponds with the second phase of the “descriptive study on the process of communicating the diagnosis and the prognosis in oncology”. Cohort consisted in 71 cancer patients, who remembered the initial interview and performed a second one. The results obtained show that data collection is depending on the complexity of the transmitted information as well as of its emotional impact; which means that, the simpler and the more emotional impact, better to remember. Therefore this information supports the idea that communication is an evolutionary and continuing process, and is not limited to certain situations, being able to attend the needs both of the patient and his family, facilitating the patient a better adaptation to the oncological disease.La comunicación juega un papel fundamental en la relación médico-paciente. La mala comunicación así mismo, puede llegar a tener una influencia negativa en el paciente y sus familiares. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en el proceso de información aportada por el médico oncólogo y el recuerdo que mantiene el paciente de dicha información transcurridos quince días. Los datos que presentamos se corresponden con la segunda fase del “estudio descriptivo sobre el proceso de comunicar el diagnóstico y el pronóstico en oncología”. La muestra esta formada por 71 pacientes, todos ellos realizaron una segunda entrevista y recordaban la entrevista inicial. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el recuerdo está en función de la complejidad de la información transmitida así como del impacto emocional de la misma; es decir, a mayor simplicidad y mayor impacto emocional, mejor recuerdo. Por tanto estos datos apoyan la necesidad de que la comunicación sea un proceso evolutivo, y continuado, y no se reduzca a un momento puntual, atendiéndose a las necesidades tanto del paciente como de sus familiares, facilitándose así una mejor adaptación al proceso oncológico

On the motivating impact of price and online recommendations at the point of online purchase

This is the post-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2011 ElsevierDo online recommendations have the same motivating impact as price at the point of online purchase? The results (n = 268) of an conjoint study show that: (1) when the price is low or high relatively to market price, it has the strongest impact (positive and negative) on the likelihood of an online purchase of an mp3 player, (2) when the price is average to market price, online recommendation and price are equal in their impact at the point of online purchase, and, (3) the relative impact from price increases when online shopping frequencies increases. The implications these results give are that online retailers should be aware that online recommendations are not as influential as a good offer when consumers purchase electronics online. However, other customer recommendations have a stronger impact on novice online shoppers than towards those consumers that shop more frequently online

Online Advertising

This chapter explores what makes online advertising different from traditional advertising channels. We argue that online advertising differs from traditional advertising channels in two important ways: measurability and targetability. Measurability is higher because the digital nature of online advertising means that responses to ads can be tracked relatively easily. Targetability is higher because data can be automatically tracked at an individual level, and it is relatively easy to show different people different ads. We discuss recent advances in search advertising, display advertising, and social media advertising and explore the key issues that arise for firms and consumers from measurability and targetability. We then explore possible public policy consequences, with an in depth discussion of the implications for consumer privacy

Use of heterogeneous data sources : three case studies

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1989.Title as it appears in the M.I.T. Graduate List, June 1989: Integration of heterogeneous data sources--three case studies.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 159).by David Bradley Godes.M.S

Las reservas naturales en el medio urbano: dos casos de estudio en Francia

[ES] Este trabajo plantea la cuestión del lugar que ocupan las reservas naturales en la ciudad, tanto físicamente como en las políticas de urbanismo, de protección de la naturaleza o incluso en la vida cotidiana de los que residen en su entorno. También cuestiona la existencia misma de este tipo de territorios estrictamente protegidos, y su papel en la conservación de la biodiversidad autóctona. Centrado en el contexto francés, el trabajo se basa en dos casos de estudio: la Réserve Naturelle du Bassin de la Bièvre y la Réserve Naturelle des Îlles de Chelles.[EN] This work raises the question of the place of natural reserves in the city, both physically and in the politics of urban planning, protection of nature or even in the daily life of local residents. It also questions the very existence of this type of strictly protected territories, and their role in the conservation of native biodiversity. Located in a French context, it is based on two case studies: the Réserve Naturelle du Bassin de la Bièvre and the Réserve Naturelle des Îlles de Chelles.Caballero Godes, M. (2018). Las reservas naturales en el medio urbano: dos casos de estudio en Francia. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/135981TFG