Aluminum chlorine battery Quarterly report

High energy density battery based on aluminum and chlorine carbon electrode

Thermophysical characterization of the deep eutectic solvent choline chloride:ethylene glycol and one of its mixtures with water

The deep eutectic solvent ethaline, containing choline chloride as H-bond acceptor and ethylene glycol as H-bond donor and one of its mixture with water are studied in this work. Ethaline is anhydrous, with a 1:2 mol ratio. Hydrated ethaline, choline chloride:ethylene glycol:water, was studied in a 1:1.98:0.95 mol ratio. Several volumetric, acoustic, optical, thermal, surface, and transport properties were measured and calculated. The working temperature ranges from 278.15 to 338.15 K at pressure = 0.1 MPa. The effects of temperature, water inclusion, and the nature of the donor compound are evaluated. With regard to temperature, the system''s behaviour is as expected: a linear relation for the thermodynamic properties and agreement with the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation for the transport properties. The water molecules hardly modify the ethaline structure. The choline chloride – ethylene glycol interactions are weaker than those for choline chloride - glycerol

The NADES glyceline as a potential Green Solvent: A comprehensive study of its thermophysical properties and effect of water inclusion

In this paper, two Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents, glyceline (Gly) and glyceline-water (GlyW), containing choline chloride as acceptor H-bond compound and glycerol as donor H-bond group are studied. For glyceline the mole relation is 1 (choline chloride): 2 (glycerol) and for glyceline-water the mole relation is 1 (choline chloride): 1.99 (glycerol): 1.02 water. The ternary NADES has been synthetized and characterized chemically by NMR techniques for this work. Several thermophysical properties in a wide range of temperature (278.15–338.15)¿K and at atmospheric pressure (0.1¿MPa) have been measured for both compounds: density, , speed of sound, , refractive index, , surface tension,, isobaric molar heat capacity, , kinematic viscosity, , and electric conductivity,. Furthermore, some related properties have been also calculated: isobaric expansibility, , isentropic compressibility, , molar refraction, , entropy and enthalpy of surface formationper unit surface area ( and ), and dynamic viscosity, , and viscous flow and electrical conductivity activation energies. The results have been discussed in terms of the effect of temperature and the inclusion of water. We conclude that the compound containing water into the structure has a higher molar volume and a higher fluidity. The binary NADES (Gly) is a more structured liquid than ternary one (GlyW)

Testing M2T/T2M Transformations

Presentado en: 16th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2013). Del 29 de septiembre al 4 de octubre. Miami, EEUU.Testing model-to-model (M2M) transformations is becoming a prominent topic in the current Model-driven Engineering landscape. Current approaches for transformation testing, however, assume having explicit model representations for the input domain and for the output domain of the transformation. This excludes other important transformation kinds, such as model-to-text (M2T) and text-to-model (T2M) transformations, from being properly tested since adequate model representations are missing either for the input domain or for the output domain. The contribution of this paper to overcome this gap is extending Tracts, a M2M transformation testing approach, for M2T/T2M transformation testing. The main mechanism we employ for reusing Tracts is to represent text within a generic metamodel. By this, we transform the M2T/T2M transformation specification problems into equivalent M2M transformation specification problems. We demonstrate the applicability of the approach by two examples and present how the approach is implemented for the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF). Finally, we apply the approach to evaluate code generation capabilities of several existing UML tools.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Proyecto TIN2011-2379

Initial management of and outcome in patients with pneumococcal bacteremia: a retrospective study at a Swiss university hospital, 2003-2009

Purpose: The aim of this quality control study was to assess the time to initial diagnostic procedures and the time to the first dose of antibiotics in patients with pneumococcal bacteremia, and to investigate whether the timeliness of these interventions influenced outcome. Methods: We retrospectively studied patient characteristics, chronological sequence of diagnostic and therapeutic steps, and the course of disease of all patients with pneumococcal bacteremia at a Swiss university hospital between 2003 and 2009, and we analyzed associations between these factors and the length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality. Results: A total of 102 episodes of pneumococcal bacteremia in 98 patients were analyzed, of whom 15.7% died during hospitalization. The median time (interquartile range [IQR]) to the first antibiotic dose was 4.0 (2.0-5.9)h, and the median times (IQR]) to blood cultures, chest radiograph, lumbar puncture, and brain computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were 1.4 (0.5-3.3), 2.5 (1.2-4.2), 4.2 (2.7-7.2), and 2.3 (0.6-6.2)h, respectively. The time to diagnostic procedures and therapy were not associated with LOS or death. Risk factors for death in the univariable analysis were: Charlson comorbidity index [odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval) per unit increase, 1.3 (1.1-1.6)], neutropenia [OR 10.1 (2.0-51.0)], human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection [OR 3.9 (1.1-13.8)], chronic respiratory disease [OR 4.4 (1.2-16.0)], chronic liver disease [OR 3.2 (1.0-9.7)], smoking [OR 3.8 (1.1-13.5)], injection drug use [OR 9.7 (1.5-63.7)], and antibiotic therapy within 6months before admission [OR 4.0 (1.3-12.5)]. The multivariable analysis revealed age >60years (P=0.048) and alcoholism (P=0.009) as risks for prolonged LOS. Conclusions: The outcome of pneumococcal bacteremia may be more influenced by patient characteristics than by minor differences in the timeliness of initial diagnostic and therapeutic measures within the first several hours after hospital admissio

Feeling in Covid time

[EN] In this work, a Learning-Service project that consists of working on somatosensory and special senses stimulation in people with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities is shown. This experience has been made through small and simple exercises, games or activities that allow these people to experience new sensations. In this activity, the participants have been students of Pharmacy and Education Degree and children of a special education school. The main aim is to develop the sensory and physical faculties and promoted the functionality of the person. University students had to encourage the students of special school to use their senses. For this task Pharmacy students had the help and advice of Education students. The sanitary situation obligates to develop this activity with a video calls. For both groups of students, this experience has been a different mechanism to learn and practice using a new way of communication. All Pharmacy degree students think that this experience is has been good for their future professional activity. The teachers from the Special Education Center indicated that these initiatives are very important for their collective.Ribate, MP.; Sangüesa, E.; Giner, B.; Lomba, L.; Llanas, C.; García, CB. (2021). Feeling in Covid time. En 7th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd'21). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 307-315. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAd21.2021.13118OCS30731

Society and Curriculum in the Feminization of Teaching in the Dominican Republic 1860- 1935

En este escrito desarrollaré algunas ideas sobre el peso que debe atribuírsele a la sociedad y al currículum en el proceso de feminización que experimentó el magisterio de la República Dominicana durante los años 1860-1935. Sociedad y currículum: ¿Cómo pesaron en la incorporación masiva y creciente de la mujer al trabajo docente en la República Dominicana? ¿Que carácter tuvo cada cual como factor determinante del proceso de feminización del magisterio? Como determinante curricular de los procesos de feminización entiendo la existencia de disposiciones codificadas en el diseño de los modelos ducacionales que sistémicamente la producen. Como determinante social asumo la acción plausible de procesos históricos de orden demográfico y cultural que la inducen, como las migraciones, los procesos de trabajo, las representaciones sociales en torno a la enseñanza, etc. Argumento que las condiciones del proceso se vieron sustancialmente modificadas desde el momento en que el Estado nacional se propuso el control del currículum e impulsó la escolarización popular obligatoria. La expansión del empleo docente femenino fue notable, sobre todo, en aquellas áreas del país que se hallaban en proceso de urbanización y cambio productivo.This article develops certain ideas about the importance that should be attributed to society and curriculum during the feminization of the teaching profession in the Dominican Republic from 1860 to 1935. What importance did society and curriculum have during the massive and growing incorporation of women into the teaching profession in the Dominican Republic? What character did each have as a determinant factor in the process of feminization of teaching? As a curricular determinant in the process of feminization I have assumed that codified prescriptions exist in the design of educational models that systematically produce feminization. As a social determinant I assume the plausibility of historical processes of a demographic and cultural nature that induced feminization, such as migrations, the process of work, and social representations that have arisen around education. I argue, that the conditions of the feminization process were substantially modified from the moment the State set out to control the curriculum and make education mandatory. The expansion of employment for female teachers was notable, above all in those areas of the country that were undergoing urbanization and productive changes

EL IMPERIALISMO NORTEAMERICANO Y LAS VÍAS ANTILLANAS A LA ESCOLARIZACIÓN RURAL

O artigo analisa o modo no qual foram gestados certos ruralismos pedagógicos dentro da expansão da escola rural nos campos de Puerto Rico, Cuba, Haiti e República Dominicana. O intuito é criar um marco comparativo útil para a construção de uma historiografía da escola rural latinoamericana durante o século XX. O peso que tiveram as intervenções militares de Estados Unidos de América na escolarização rural dessas sociedades antilhanas modelou o caráter pedagógico que assumiram seus distintos ruralismos, conduzidos por um terreno mais pragmático orientado à inserção do campesinado no mercado agro-exportador. Palavras-chave: Educacão rural. Ruralismo pedagógico. Dominacão imperialista Resumen El artículo analiza el modo en que se gestaron ciertos ruralismos pedagógicos dentro de la expansión de la escuela rural en los campos de Puerto Rico, Cuba, Haiti y República Dominicana, con el objeto de establecer un marco comparativo útil para la construcción de una historiografía de la escuela rural latinoamericana durante el siglo XX. El peso que tuvieron lãs intervenciones militares de los Estados Unidos de América em la escolarización rural de esas sociedades antillanas modeló El carácter pedagógico que asumieron sus distintos ruralismos, conduciéndolos por un terreno más pragmáticamente orientado a la inserción del campesinado en el mercado agroexportador. Palabras claves: Educación rural. Ruralismo pedagógico. Dominación imperialistaAbstract This article analize how some rural pedagogies were introduced in the expansion of rural schools of Puerto Rico, Cuba, Haiti and the Dominican Republic, with the main object of establishing a comparative background which could be usefull in the historiography of rural schools in Latinamerica during the XX century. The strong infl uence the USA military interventions had in the rural schooling of this antillian societies, built the pedagogic character assumed by the diferent rural towns, conducting them in a way pragmatically oriented to the insertion of the rural farmers in the agroexport market. Keywords: Rural Education. Ruralist pedagogies. Imperialist dominatio

Live-cell assays reveal selectivity and sensitivity of the multidrug response in budding yeast

[EN] Pleiotropic drug resistance arises by the enhanced extrusion of bioactive molecules and is present in a wide range of organisms, ranging from fungi to human cells. A key feature of this adaptation is the sensitive detection of intracellular xenobiotics by transcriptional activators, activating expression of multiple drug exporters. Here, we investigated the selectivity and sensitivity of the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) multidrug response to better understand how differential drug recognition leads to specific activation of drug exporter genes and to drug resistance. Applying live-cell luciferase reporters, we demonstrate that the SNQ2, PDR5, PDR15, and YOR1 transporter genes respond to different mycotoxins, menadione, and hydrogen peroxide in a distinguishable manner and with characteristic amplitudes, dynamics, and sensitivities. These responses correlated with differential sensitivities of the respective transporter mutants to the specific xenobiotics. We further establish a binary vector system, enabling quantitative determination of xenobiotic-transcription factor (TF) interactions in real time. Applying this system we found that the TFs Pdr1, Pdr3, Yrr1, Stb5, and Pdr8 have largely different drug recognition patterns. We noted that Pdr1 is the most promiscuous activator, whereas Yrr1 and Stb5 are selective for ochratoxin A and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. We also show that Pdr1 is rapidly degraded after xenobiotic exposure, which leads to a desensitization of the Pdr1-specific response upon repeated activation. The findings of our work indicate that in the yeast multidrug system, several transcriptional activators with distinguishable selectivities trigger differential activation of the transporter genes.This work was supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad Grant BFU2016-75792-R.Vanacloig-Pedrós, ME.; Lozano-Pérez, C.; Alarcon, B.; Pascual-Ahuir Giner, MD.; Proft, MH. (2019). Live-cell assays reveal selectivity and sensitivity of the multidrug response in budding yeast. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 294(35):12933-12946. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA119.009291S12933129462943