Своєрідність київського маґдебурзького права: нотатки на марґінесі нової книги про Київ кінця XV – першої половини XVII століть

Рецензія на монографію: Білоус Н. Київ наприкінці XV – у першій половині XVII століття. Міська влада і самоврядування. – К.: Вид. дім “Києво-Могилянська академія”, 2008. – 360 с

Removal of percutaneously inserted central venous catheters in neonates is associated with the occurrence of sepsis

Background: Clinical signs of sepsis are frequently observed after removal of a percutaneously inserted central venous catheter (PCVC) in neonates admitted at our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). To substantiate this finding and to evaluate the effect of antibiotics administered at the time of removal of a PCVC, we conducted a retrospective study among all infants with a PCVC, admitted at our NICU during 2002 and 2005. Methods: Clinical data, infectious complications and use of antibiotics were studied retrospectively. Results: A PCVC was inserted in 345 infants. Sepsis occurred in 90/345 (26%) infants, in 50/90 (56%) during indwelling PCVC and in 40/90 (44%) after removal of the PCVC. Of the latter 40 sepsis episodes, 24 (60%) occurred within 5 days after removal of a PCVC with a clustering of 21 cases of sepsis within 72 h after the removal. The remaining 16 episodes occurred after 7 days. Administration of antibiotics during removal of the PCVC significantly reduced the incidence of sepsis: 22/213 (10.3%) cases of sepsis occurred when no antibiotics were administered versus 2/132 (1.5%) cases of sepsis when antibiotics were administered (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Our study suggests that peripherally inserted central venous catheters are associated with sepsis not only during the indwelling period of the catheter, but also after removal. Administration of antibiotics targeted at the time of removal of the catheter significantly reduced the incidence of sepsis. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm this observation

Long-Term Trends in the Epidemiology of Neonatal Sepsis and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Causative Agents

Background: In an era with increased maternal antibiotic use, patterns in early- and late-onset sepsis and antibiotic susceptibility may have changed. Objectives: To identify longitudinal trends in causative microorganisms for neonatal sepsis and analyze antibiotic susceptibility of all blood isolates of infants with sepsis. Methods: Early- and late-onset sepsis cases from 29 years (1978-2006) were studied retrospectively, in five clusters of 5 years (period I-V) and one cluster of 4 years (period VI), including antibiotic susceptibility profiles of blood isolates during the years 1999-2006. Results: The incidence of early- onset sepsis decreased (

Molecular Epidemiology of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Causing Sepsis in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit over an 11-Year Period

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the major causative microorganisms in neonatal nosocomial sepsis. Previous studies have shown that CoNS sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is caused by predominant molecular types that are widely distributed among both neonates and staff. Some of these molecular types may persist in the NICU for years. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dynamic behavior of CoNS strains causing sepsis over a prolonged period of time by determining the molecular types of all blood isolates from septicemic infants over a period of 11 years (1991 to 2001). The results show that neonatal CoNS sepsis is increasingly caused by a few predominant molecular clusters. The most striking finding was that in recent years one molecular cluster emerged as the predominant cause of neonatal CoNS sepsis, responsible for no less than 31% (20 of 65) of blood isolates in 2001. Antibiotic resistance, particularly beta-lactam resistance, is probably an important selective force considering the high mecA gene carriage of CoNS blood isolates (70 to 92%). We conclude that neonatal CoNS sepsis is increasingly caused by a limited number of predominant molecular CoNS types and that antibiotic resistance is probably a major selective force

Assembly factors as a new class of disease genes for mitochondrial complex I deficiency: cause, pathology and treatment options.

Item does not contain fulltextComplex I deficiency is the most frequent cause of oxidative phosphorylation disorders. The disease features a large diversity of clinical symptoms often leading to progressive encephalomyopathies with a fatal outcome. There is currently no cure, and although disease-causing mutations have been found in the genes encoding complex I subunits, half of the cases remain unexplained. However, in the past 5 years a new class of complex I disease genes has emerged with the finding of specific assembly factors. So far nine such genes have been described and it is believed that in the near future more will be found. In this review, we will address whether the functions of these chaperones point towards a general molecular mechanism of disease and whether this enables us to design a treatment for complex I deficiency.1 januari 201