La vie de saint Aubin par Fortunat

Installé à Poitiers, Venance Fortunat a contribué à créer le culte de saint Aubin, évêque d’Angers de 538 à 550. La Vita s. Albini (BHL 234) répond à une commande de l’évêque d’Angers Domitianus, mort entre 569 et 572. Nous en publions ici une traduction fondée sur l’édition de Bruno Krusch en 1885 (MGH, AA, IV 2, p. 27-33). Même s’il contient quelques précisions historiques, le récit obéit aux mêmes conventions que les autres vitæ en prose de Venance Fortunat : naissance noble du saint, imitation du Christ dans la vie monastique et ascétique permettant au saint d’accéder à la « vertu » thaumaturgique. Ce sont les miracles qui occupent l’essentiel de la dernière partie, consacrée à l’épiscopat d’Aubin. Du point de vue formel, la Vita recourt au style relevé dans le discours dédicataire ; la suite du texte, composée d’un enchaînement de brefs épisodes, cache, sous une apparence « rustique » (sermo rusticus), les éclats d’une rhétorique subtile.Settled in Poitiers, Venentius Fortunatus contributed to create the cult of St Aubin, bishop of Angers (538-550). His Vita s. Albini (BHL 234) was commissioned before 569-572 by Domitianus, bishop of Angers. The translation published here is founded on Bruno Krusch’s edition in 1885 (MGH, AA, IV 2, p. 27-33). If the Vita contains some historical elements, however the narrative follows the model of Venantius Fortunatus’s other prose works: the saint’s noble birth, the imitation of Christ in his monastic and ascetic life, allowing him to obtain a thaumaturgic power. In the last part of the Vita, concerning Aubin’s episcopate, miracles are particularly frequent. The style of the Vita’s dedication is sophisticated and the narrative is composed of a sequence of short episodes, written in an erudite but apparently rustic style (sermo rusticus)

Les miracles posthumes de saint Aubin d’Angers

Le culte de saint Aubin a commencé très tôt puisque Grégoire de Tours rapporte deux de ses miracles. Déposé depuis le vie siècle dans une basilique suburbaine qui a pris le nom de saint Aubin, le corps du saint évêque reposait au xie siècle dans la crypte de l’abbatiale du puissant monastère angevin. C’est là qu’eurent lieu la plupart des miracles. Ils sont rassemblés dans deux groupes de récits, écrits l’un et l’autre au xie siècle. Il s’agit surtout de récits de guérison, mais ils nous renseignent aussi sur divers aspects de la vie quotidienne. Composés par des moines de saint Aubin, ces miracles du xie siècle témoignent à la fois de l’activité du scriptorium de l’abbaye et de la ferveur qui entourait la tradition hagiographique du saint fondateur.The cult of St Aubin is attested very early on since Gregory of Tours related two of his miracles. He was originally buried in a suburban basilica dedicated to the saint: in the 11th century his body was in the crypt of the abbey Saint-Aubin, one of the most powerful monasteries of Anjou. Most of miracles were operated here. Written in the 11th century, they form two collections of narratives. They mostly concern the healing of sickness, but they also give details of some aspects of everyday life. Composed by the monks of Saint-Aubin, the miracles bear witness to the activity of their scriptorium and of the enthusiast fervour which vivified the hagiographic tradition of saint Aubin

Thermal fluctuations in pinned elastic systems: field theory of rare events and droplets

Using the functional renormalization group (FRG) we study the thermal fluctuations of elastic objects, described by a displacement field u and internal dimension d, pinned by a random potential at low temperature T, as prototypes for glasses. A challenge is how the field theory can describe both typical (minimum energy T=0) configurations, as well as thermal averages which, at any non-zero T as in the phenomenological droplet picture, are dominated by rare degeneracies between low lying minima. We show that this occurs through an essentially non-perturbative *thermal boundary layer* (TBL) in the (running) effective action Gamma[u] at T>0 for which we find a consistent scaling ansatz to all orders. The TBL resolves the singularities of the T=0 theory and contains rare droplet physics. The formal structure of this TBL is explored around d=4 using a one loop Wilson RG. A more systematic Exact RG (ERG) method is employed and tested on d=0 models. There we obtain precise relations between TBL quantities and droplet probabilities which are checked against exact results. We illustrate how the TBL scaling remains consistent to all orders in higher d using the ERG and how droplet picture results can be retrieved. Finally, we solve for d=0,N=1 the formidable "matching problem" of how this T>0 TBL recovers a critical T=0 field theory. We thereby obtain the beta-function at T=0, *all ambiguities removed*, displayed here up to four loops. A discussion of d>4 case and an exact solution at large d are also provided

No evidence for circulating HuD-specific CD8+ T cells in patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and Hu antibodies

Aim: In paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and Hu antibodies (Hu-PNS), Hu antigens expressed by the tumour hypothetically trigger an immune response that also reacts with Hu antigens in the nervous system, resulting in tumour suppression and neuronal damage. To gain more insight into the hypothesized CD8+T cell-mediated immune pathogenesis of these syndromes, we searched for circulating HuD-specific CD8+T cells in a large cohort of Hu-PNS patients and controls. Patients and methods: Blood was tested from 43 Hu-PNS patients, 31 Hu antibody negativ

AI-based diagnosis in mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly using external ear shapes

IntroductionMandibulo-Facial Dysostosis with Microcephaly (MFDM) is a rare disease with a broad spectrum of symptoms, characterized by zygomatic and mandibular hypoplasia, microcephaly, and ear abnormalities. Here, we aimed at describing the external ear phenotype of MFDM patients, and train an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based model to differentiate MFDM ears from non-syndromic control ears (binary classification), and from ears of the main differential diagnoses of this condition (multi-class classification): Treacher Collins (TC), Nager (NAFD) and CHARGE syndromes.MethodsThe training set contained 1,592 ear photographs, corresponding to 550 patients. We extracted 48 patients completely independent of the training set, with only one photograph per ear per patient. After a CNN-(Convolutional Neural Network) based ear detection, the images were automatically landmarked. Generalized Procrustes Analysis was then performed, along with a dimension reduction using PCA (Principal Component Analysis). The principal components were used as inputs in an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, optimized using a 5-fold cross-validation. Finally, the model was tested on an independent validation set.ResultsWe trained the model on 1,592 ear photographs, corresponding to 1,296 control ears, 105 MFDM, 33 NAFD, 70 TC and 88 CHARGE syndrome ears. The model detected MFDM with an accuracy of 0.969 [0.838–0.999] (p < 0.001) and an AUC (Area Under the Curve) of 0.975 within controls (binary classification). Balanced accuracies were 0.811 [0.648–0.920] (p = 0.002) in a first multiclass design (MFDM vs. controls and differential diagnoses) and 0.813 [0.544–0.960] (p = 0.003) in a second multiclass design (MFDM vs. differential diagnoses).ConclusionThis is the first AI-based syndrome detection model in dysmorphology based on the external ear, opening promising clinical applications both for local care and referral, and for expert centers

Large-scale unit commitment under uncertainty: an updated literature survey

The Unit Commitment problem in energy management aims at finding the optimal production schedule of a set of generation units, while meeting various system-wide constraints. It has always been a large-scale, non-convex, difficult problem, especially in view of the fact that, due to operational requirements, it has to be solved in an unreasonably small time for its size. Recently, growing renewable energy shares have strongly increased the level of uncertainty in the system, making the (ideal) Unit Commitment model a large-scale, non-convex and uncertain (stochastic, robust, chance-constrained) program. We provide a survey of the literature on methods for the Uncertain Unit Commitment problem, in all its variants. We start with a review of the main contributions on solution methods for the deterministic versions of the problem, focussing on those based on mathematical programming techniques that are more relevant for the uncertain versions of the problem. We then present and categorize the approaches to the latter, while providing entry points to the relevant literature on optimization under uncertainty. This is an updated version of the paper "Large-scale Unit Commitment under uncertainty: a literature survey" that appeared in 4OR 13(2), 115--171 (2015); this version has over 170 more citations, most of which appeared in the last three years, proving how fast the literature on uncertain Unit Commitment evolves, and therefore the interest in this subject

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Etude du comportement d'un detecteur electrochimique voltamperometrique : conception originale d'une detection voltamperometrique differentielle en opposition couplee a un HPLC pour des applications en neurobiologie

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

My fighting life,

Mode of access: Internet

Introduction

L'Histoire de Philippe Auguste, composée à Saint-Denis par le moine Rigord, s'inscrit dans la tradition qui se construit dans cette abbaye tout au long du xiie siècle autour des tombeaux et de l'histoire des rois de France. Rédigée du vivant même du roi, et prolongée pour la fin du règne par Guillaume le Breton, l'Histoire de Philippe Auguste fut au xiiie siècle, à côté d'autres biographies royales, incorporée au manuscrit latin 5925 qui a servi de base aux Grandes Chroniques de France dans la traduction en langue vulgaire du moine Primat, toujours à Saint-Denis, à la fin du xiiie siècle. Plusieurs fois éditée entre le xvie et le xxe siècle, traduite en français par Guizot en 1825, l'Histoire de Philippe Auguste a été très utilisée par les historiens, mais n'a connu ni édition ni traduction au xxe siècle. D'où la nécessité d'une nouvelle édition critique, assurée par Élisabeth Carpentier, Georges Pon et Y. Chauvin (†), et accompagnée d'une traduction française élaborée au cours d'un atelier de traduction qui, rassemblant étudiants et chercheurs, s'est tenu pendant plusieurs années au centre d'études de Civilisation médiévale de Poitiers