Effects of drought, pest pressure and light availability on seedling establishment and growth : their role for distribution of tree species across a tropical rainfall gradient

Tree species distributions associated with rainfall are among the most prominent patterns in tropical forests. Understanding the mechanisms shaping these patterns is important to project impacts of global climate change on tree distributions and diversity in the tropics. Beside direct effects of water availability, additional factors co-varying with rainfall have been hypothesized to play an important role, including pest pressure and light availability. While low water availability is expected to exclude drought-intolerant wet forest species from drier forests (physiological tolerance hypothesis), high pest pressure or low light availability are hypothesized to exclude dry forest species from wetter forests (pest pressure gradient and light availability hypothesis, respectively). To test these hypotheses at the seed-to-seedling transition, the potentially most critical stage for species discrimination, we conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment combined with a pest exclosure treatment at a wet and a dry forest site in Panama with seeds of 26 species with contrasting origin. Establishment success after one year did not reflect species distribution patterns. However, in the wet forest, wet origin species had a home advantage over dry forest species through higher growth rates. At the same time, drought limited survival of wet origin species in the dry forest, supporting the physiological tolerance hypothesis. Together these processes sort species over longer time frames, and exclude species outside their respective home range. Although we found pronounced effects of pests and some effects of light availability on the seedlings, they did not corroborate the pest pressure nor light availability hypotheses at the seed-to-seedling transition. Our results underline that changes in water availability due to climate change will have direct consequences on tree regeneration and distributions along tropical rainfall gradients, while indirect effects of light and pests are less important

Diseño de un sistema de control de bajo costo para un observatorio astronómico

This work shows the engineering process carried out for the design of a low cost control system for an astronomical observatory. The work describes the implementation to adapt the equipment of the observatory to a Master Control System (MCS) and be able to use it remotely. The instruments and software required for the integration of the equipment as part of a robotic observatory are also described.En este artículo se expone el proceso de ingeniería llevado a cabo para el diseño de un sistema de control de bajo costo para un observatorio astronómico. En el artículo se describe la implementación para adaptar el equipo del observatorio a un Sistema de Control Maestro (SCM) y poder utilizarlo a distancia. También se describen los instrumentos y programas informáticos necesarios para la integración del equipo como parte de un observatorio robótico

Plan de implantación de un sistema de adquisición de bienes y servicios en una entidad pública ambiental, aplicando metodologías ágiles

Basados en la gestión de los procesos de contratación, como única vía disponible para que una entidad pública realice la adquisición de los bienes y servicios, que satisfaga sus necesidades institucionales, siguiendo los lineamientos que el Gobierno Nacional ha dispuesto para ello y, aprovechando las bondades que las nuevas tecnologías y las TICs ofrecen para el fortalecimiento de la gestión en las entidades del Estado, el presente proyecto propone la formulación de un plan para la implantación de un sistema de información, en entorno Web, que actúe como herramienta de apoyo para la gestión de las distintas fases que requieren los procesos de adquisición de bienes y servicios, ejecutados en una entidad pública de orden ambiental, en el departamento del Valle del Cauca. El plan de implantación que se pretende definir, se encuentra estructurado bajo la aplicación y adaptación de conceptos y prácticas que ofrecen las metodologías ágiles, para el adecuado diseño de las etapas que culminen en la propuesta de despliegue e integración del sistema de información. Palabras claves: Ágiles, Implantación, Web, Adquisición, Metodologías, contratación.Based in the management of the processes of contracting, as only available road so that a public entity realize the acquisition of the goods and services, that satisfy his institutional needs, following the contours that the National Government has had for this and, taking advantage of the goodnesses that the new technologies and the ICTs (Information and Communications Technology), offer for the strengthening of the management in the entities of the State, the present project proposes the formulation of a plan for the implantation of a system of information, in surroundings Web, that act like tool of support for the management of the distinct phases that require the processes of acquisition of goods and services, executed in a public entity of environmental order, in the department of the Valley of the Cauca. The plan of implantation that pretends define, finds structured under the application and adaptation of concepts and practical that offer the agile methodologies, for the suitable design of the stages that culminate in the proposal of deployment and integration of the system of information. Key words: Agile, Implantation, Web, Acquisition, Methodologies, contracting

Identificación de los factores que limitan el desarrollo del aprendizaje autónomo en los estudiantes del grado 11 de la Institución Educativa José Asunción Silva de la inspección del Placer, Putumayo

La presente investigación surge en la necesidad de indagar sobre las problemáticas evidentes en el desarrollo del aprendizaje autónomo en los estudiantes de grado once de la Institución Educativa José Asunción Silva, todo esto debido a la importancia que ha cobrado el desarrollo de la autonomía del aprendizaje y la autogestión del conocimiento como uno de los retos de la educación del siglo XXI. En consecuencia, se indaga sobre las repercusiones que presenta la notable brecha digital que existe entre los departamentos del centro del país y el Putumayo donde un gran porcentaje del área no cuenta con cobertura de redes de internet ni conexión eléctrica. De igual modo, el abandono del estado, el conflicto armado aún después del reciente proceso de paz, la desintegración familiar y las prácticas pedagógicas tradicionalistas son factores que aportan a la agudización de la problemática.This research arises from the need to inquire about the evident problems in the development of autonomous learning in eleventh grade students of the José Asunción Silva Educational Institution, all this due to the importance that the development of the autonomy of learning and the self-management of knowledge has acquired as one of the challenges of education in the 21st century. Consequently, it investigates the repercussions of the notable digital gap that exists between the central departments of the country and Putumayo, where a large percentage of the area does not have internet network coverage or an electrical connection. Similarly, the abandonment of the state, the armed conflict even after the recent peace process, family disintegration and traditionalist pedagogical practices are factors that contribute to the exacerbation of the problem

Modelo multicriterio para el soporte a la toma de decisiones de implementación de un programa de logística inversa en una empresa de la región

En este proyecto se plantea un modelo multicriterio ANP, con el fin de dar soporte a las decisiones de implementación de un programa de logística inversa en una empresa del sector plástico, logrando así, ayudar a la organización a identificar en qué grado se justifica iniciar un programa de logística inversa, con el fin de seleccionar aquella alternativa que genere un mayor valor agregado en la gestión de la cadena de suministro.PregradoINGENIERO(A) EN INDUSTRIA

Livestockplus: Supporting low emissions development in the Latin American cattle sector

This poster was presented also at the 7th Greenhouse Gas and Animal Agriculture Conference, held 4-10 August 2019 at Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil. Except for adjustments to the conference’s style and format, the text is essentially the same as that published here: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/102484The livestock sector in the LAC region is facing different problems of: (i) low productivity (ii) soil erosion, and (iii) low profitability due to inadequate insertion to markets. To address these issues, improved pastures with environmental traits along with adequate management practices might be one of the most promising options of the livestock sector to mitigate climate change. The Livestockplus project seeks to apply the concept of sustainable intensification of livestock systems in two countries of the LAC region such as Costa Rica and Colombia, to provide technical support, generate critical information and guidelines necessary for identifying options; also contribute to planning and policies for scaling up of NAMAs

Livestockplus: Supporting low emissions development in the Latin American cattle sector

This poster was presented also at TropenTag 2019, held September 18-20 2019 in Kasel, Germany. Except for adjustments to the conference’s style and format, the text is essentially the same as that published here: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/10366