L’exploration des incitatifs et des obstacles à entreprendre des études universitaires dans le cadre d’un cursus intégré DEC-BAC en sciences infirmières

Au Québec, les infirmières n’ont pas l’obligation de détenir un diplôme universitaire pour exercer leur profession. Celles qui choisissent le DEC en soins infirmiers peuvent obtenir le diplôme de baccalauréat en deux ans au lieu de trois en empruntant le cursus DEC-BAC en sciences infirmières. Or, ce n’est pas la majorité d’entre elles qui se prévalent de cette possibilité, alors que des études ont démontré les avantages d’avoir un plus grand nombre d’infirmières détenant un baccalauréat dans les milieux de soins (Aiken, Clarke, Cheung, Sloane & Silber, 2003; Kane, Shamliyan, Mueller, Duval & Wilt, 2007; Tourangeau, Cranley & Jeffs, 2006 ; Aiken et al., 2014). Le but de la présente étude était d’explorer les incitatifs et les obstacles à entreprendre des études universitaires dans le cadre du cursus intégré DEC-BAC en sciences infirmières. Cinquante-six nouvelles diplômées ayant complété un DEC en soins infirmiers au Québec ont répondu au questionnaire auto-administré électronique à questions ouvertes. Le cadre de référence guidant la recherche exploratoire était la théorie intermédiaire de la transition de Meleis, Sawyer, Im, Hilfinger Messias et Schumacher (2010). Suivant cette théorie, les données ont d’abord été regroupées par thèmes, soit « incitatifs » et « obstacles » puis par dimensions, à savoir si les thèmes relèvent de conditions au plan personnel, communautaire ou sociétal pour entreprendre des études universitaires. Il ressort de l’étude que les incitatifs majeurs à entreprendre des études universitaires se situent au plan communautaire : meilleures conditions de travail anticipées et développement professionnel. Les obstacles majeurs à entreprendre des études universitaires se situent au plan personnel, en particulier en lien avec une situation financière ou familiale défavorable. Nous avons aussi trouvé que le contexte québécois exerce une influence sur la décision d’entreprendre des études universitaires. Des recommandations ont été formulées pour les milieux de pratique et de formation, ainsi que pour la recherche.Quebec nurses do not require a bachelor’s degree in order to obtain their license to practice. Choosing the college diploma entitles nurses to obtain a bachelor’s degree in two years instead of three by doing a DEC-BAC in nursing. Although many studies have shown the positive impact of having a greater number of baccalaureate-level nurses in the health care system, (Aiken, Clarke, Cheung, Sloane & Silber, 2003 ; Kane, Shamliyan, Mueller, Duval & Wilt, 2007 ; Tourangeau, Cranley & Jeffs, 2006 ; Aiken et al., 2014) the majority of nursing students choose not to enroll in university studies. The goal of the present study was to explore the incentives and obstacles to engage in university studies in the context of an integrated DEC-BAC curriculum. Fifty-six new CEGEP graduates completed a self-administered open-ended questions survey on the Internet. The theoretical framework used to guide this exploratory study was the transition middle-range theory of Meleis, Sawyer, Im, Hilfinger Messias and Schumacher (2010). Following this theory, data was collected and grouped into two themes, « incentives » and « obstacles », which were then analysed in order to see if they were determined by personal, community or societal conditions. The major incentives to engaging in university studies in the context of a DEC-BAC curriculum were related to the community conditions and were found to be better anticipated working conditions and the possibility of professional development. The major obstacles found were related to personal conditions and, particularly, to an unfavorable financial or family situation. We also found that Quebec’s context influences the decision to engage in university studies. Recommendations were provided for nursing practice and education, as well as for research

Organizational culture and leadership behaviors: is manager’s psychological health the missing piece?

BackgroundIn a context where organizations struggle to attract and retain highly qualified workers, organizations need to prioritize the psychological health of employees as a retention factor. To do so, they need to provide a healthy work environment. As an integral part of the employee experience, managers are an important factor in employee retention. In past studies, researchers have focused on the importance of leadership in boosting employees’ health without, however, considering factors encouraging such behavior in managers. Recently, some scholars have become interested in managers’ health as a resource allowing them to adopt good leadership behavior. Indeed, these studies reveal interesting links between managers’ emotional state and their behavior as leaders. Other studies, underscore the importance of considering the organizational context to better understand managers’ psychological health that may influence their leadership behaviors. This study proposes to examine the complex process by which organizational culture influences managers’ psychological health, which acts as a resource favoring the adoption of good leadership behaviors that are known to be constructive and have positive effects on employee.MethodsPath analyses with the CALIS procedure SAS software, version 9.4 were conducted on a sample of 522 managers in three healthcare facilities in the province of Quebec, Canada.ResultsThe results revealed that group culture is associated with the two indicators of managers’ psychological health at work. The results also demonstrated that managers’ psychological distress at work is positively related to transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles whereas psychological well-being at work is positively related to transformational and transactional leadership. Concerning indirect associations, there is a significant and positive indirect association between group culture and transformational leadership and there is also a significant and negative association between group culture and laissez-faire leadership. Finally, there is also an indirect association between hierarchical culture and transactional leadership.ConclusionOur study provides a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between organizational culture and leadership styles. More specifically, our findings highlight the benefits of implementing a group organizational culture to enhance psychological well-being, reduce psychological distress symptoms and promote good leadership behaviors

Placemaking from Interstitial Spaces: Participatory planning and collaborative community design as strategies to revitalize a service alleyway in Montreal (Bishop/Mackay)

This project explores participatory planning and community design methodologies (i.e. pattern language design, placemaking, community planning charrettes, planning-in-situ, open planning and peer to peer urbanism) to revitalize a service alleyway in downtown Montreal. The objective of this project is to democratize planning and urban design practices and to engage ordinary citizens in the planning of their own spaces. After a series of visioning workshops, brainstorming sessions and a community planning charrette, this project incorporates inputs from stakeholders, students and ordinary citizens into a collaborative urban design project. The project proposes interventions such as a woonerf, a planning committee, a cubic/fractal scaffolding structure, art murals and wall projections (among others). With the objective of encouraging future adaptations and transformations, this project is published under a Creative Commons license. Adopt and adapt these ideas (but cite and acknowledge accordingly)

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Het Kruispunt: Ressources pour l'enseignement du néerlandais

Justine Gauthier, assistante et doctorante en linguistique néerlandaise à l’Université Saint-Louis, a créé en 2020 HetKruispunt, un site qui s’adresse tant aux apprenant·e·s qu’aux enseignant·e·s du néerlandais. Ce site, pensé comme une “boîte à outils”, rassemble des sites web gratuits et fiables dédiés à la grammaire, au vocabulaire, à la littérature ou encore à la linguistique, ainsi que des podcasts, stations de radio, chaines YouTube, sites de streaming légaux et gratuits, blogs, etc. Lors de cette présentation, Justine Gauthier présentera quelques possibilités d’exploitation des différents types de ressources disponibles et mettra en lumière quelques sites particulièrement intéressants. Cette séance sera suivie d’un échange avec les enseignant·e·s et étudiant·e·s présents, afin de mettre en avant les développements qui permettraient d’améliorer HetKruispunt et de le rendre plus utile encore

"Enseignement et Tussentaal: Histoire et enjeux"

Lors de cette présentation, Justine Gauthier, assistante à l’université Saint-Louis, exposera son projet de recherche portant sur la place de la langue intermédiaire, ou tussentaal, dans l’enseignement en Belgique. Cette variété du néerlandais, caractérisée par des éléments de langue standard mais aussi dialectiques, est apparue dans les années nonante en Flandre, et son usage par les néerlandophones de Belgique est aujourd’hui prépondérant dans les contextes informels. L’usage de la tussentaal dans la vie quotidienne, dans les médias et dans l’enseignement reste néanmoins vivement sujet à controverse en Flandre. La réalité linguistique est donc très largement ignorée dans les politiques linguistiques qui régulent l’enseignement du néerlandais en Belgique, que ce soit pour des locuteurs natifs, des apprenants vivant en Flandre ou des apprenants vivant en Wallonie et à Bruxelles

Same old, same old? Breaking the traditional teaching mold in the age of Covid-19

Jennifer Thewissen, Tanja Temmerman, Arnaud Vincent and Justine Gauthier present some pedagogical activities which were implemented in their English and Dutch language courses during the Covid 19 pandemic. The resulting lockdown has presented numerous pedagogical challenges and pushed many teachers to distance themselves from traditional teacher-led teaching methods. The authors present three types of pedagogical approaches which they actively implemented and which aimed at ensuring student engagement in online teaching, namely inquiry-based learning, online collaborative learning and learning through gamification. These three methods ultimately led the authors to reassess the teacher's role and the importance of interaction in maintaining learning engagement

Travail hybride et technologie ::comment faire de la technologie notre alliée ?

La technologie transforme depuis plusieurs années déjà nos façons de travailler. Toutefois, depuis le début de la crise sanitaire, les organisations ont dû mettre en place différents outils technologiques pour assurer la continuité de leurs activités. Bien que la technologie soit apparue comme étant un précieux allié en cette période particulière, son utilisation a aussi permis de mettre en exergue différents risques, notamment pour la santé mentale des travailleurs. Dans un contexte où les organisations se tournent de plus en plus vers le travail hybride comme nouveau mode d’organisation du travail, dirigeants, gestionnaires et professionnels des ressources humaines se doivent de mieux comprendre les avantages et les risques de l’usage de la technologie pour en faire un allié au quotidien