36 research outputs found

    El desarrollo de la conciencia de regla en los juegos y deportes

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    El prop贸sito del presente trabajo consiste en analizar los juegos de reglas y los deportes, partiendo de su papel como transmisores de conocimiento sobre el mundo social (valores, creencias, normas, roles, etc驴), a partir del planteamiento piagetiano del desarrollo de la internalizaci贸n de las reglas de juego en el ni帽o. Observando como se produce la evoluci贸n del conocimiento pr谩ctico y te贸rico de las reglas en los ni帽os. Lo que nos puede llevar a reflexionar sobre el 谩mbito del deporte desde el punto de vista educativo

    Juego, deporte y cultura en la infancia : el significado del Pal铆n para el ni帽o mapuche

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    This paper analyses the role of traditional games within Mapuche culture. Games are rule-based and their acquisition has been the object of a number of different studies in developmental psychology. A game's rules and actions are charged with a cultural meaning often taken for granted and a complexity often overlooked. This article analyses how children ages eight to fourteen evolve in their grasp of a game's meaning and its rules, using a group of children playing Pal铆n, a Mapuche game, as its subject. The data comes from observations and interviews of Mapuche children and adults. Our main conclusion is that the game of Pal铆n has a rich cultural and traditional meaning that is reflected in its rules and rituals. The children's understanding of this meaning is a complex process described in three broad stages

    Juegos y deportes: un estudio del Palin Mapuche y el Hockey Hierba

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    Tesis doctoral in茅dita -Universidad Aut贸noma de Madrid. Departamento de Psicolog铆a Evolutiva y de la Educaci贸n. Fecha de lectura: Noviembre del 200

    Actividad f铆sico-deportiva en programas de cambio de actitudes hacia la discapacidad en edad escolar: Una revisi贸n de la literatura

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    This article describes and analyses the educational awareness programs regarding people with disabilities in the area of physical activity and sports, which were carried out in schoolchildren and were published between 1980 and 2012, differentiating between educational contexts, recreational/social contexts, and sporting contexts. The following electronic databases were consulted: SportDiscus, PubMed, PsycINFO and ERIC. Of the 19 studies found, 84.2% utilised direct contact as an intervention technique, 42.1% used information, 42.1% used indirect contact, 31.6% used simulation, and 26.3% used discussion groups. In total, 17 studies had positive results, 2 did not produce any modification, and none fostered negative attitudes. The positive effects of the intervention and the perpetuation of its changes seem related to duration of the intervention. Certain limitations are observed in the analysed studies which result in the need for further research and intervention programs through physical activity and sports.describe y analiza los programas educativos de sensibilizaci贸n hacia las personas con discapacidad en el 谩mbito de la actividad f铆sico deportiva, y en edad escolar, que han sido publicados entre los a帽os 1980 y 2012, diferenciando entre contextos educativos, contextos recreativo/sociales y contextos deportivos. Las bases de datos electr贸nicas SportDiscus, PubMed, PsycINFO y ERIC fueron consultadas. Se identificaron 19 estudios, de ellos el 84,2% utiliz贸 el contacto directo como t茅cnica de intervenci贸n, 42,1% la informaci贸n, 42,1% el contacto indirecto, 31,6% la simulaci贸n y 26,3% los grupos de discusi贸n. En total, 17 estudios obtuvieron resultados positivos, 2 no produjeron modificaci贸n alguna y ninguno foment贸 actitudes negativas. Los efectos positivos de la intervenci贸n y la perdurabilidad de sus modificaciones parecen relacionados con el tiempo de intervenci贸n. Se observan ciertas limitaciones en los estudios analizados que generan la necesidad de futuras investigaciones y programas de intervenci贸n desde la actividad f铆sico deportiva. Palabras clave: Actitudes, personas con discapacidad, educaci贸n f铆sica, deporte, intervenci贸n, ni帽o

    Comparative analysis of the effect of three Physical Education programs on awareness toward disability

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    El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el efecto de tres programas educativos dise帽ados para sensibilizar o modificar positivamente las actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad. Cada uno de los programas se implement贸 desde el 谩rea de Educaci贸n F铆sica en ocho sesiones de clase. Con este fin se configuraron cuatro grupos: uno recibi贸 una intervenci贸n basada en la t茅cnica de contacto (n = 87), otro grupo en la t茅cnica de simulaci贸n (n = 97), un tercer grupo recibi贸 una intervenci贸n basada en contacto y simulaci贸n (n = 93) y un cuarto grupo hizo de testigo o control sin recibir intervenci贸n alguna (n = 93). Las actitudes hacia la discapacidad se midieron en tres ocasiones: antes de la intervenci贸n (pre), al finalizar la intervenci贸n (post) y cuatro meses despu茅s (seguimiento), utilizando para ello la traducci贸n al castellano de la escala Chedoke-McMaster Attitudes Toward Children with Handicaps (CATCH). Los datos fueron analizados mediante un modelo lineal general de medidas repetidas y ajuste de variables (MANCOVA). Los resultados permiten concluir que el programa que combina un mayor n煤mero de t茅cnicas (contacto y simulaci贸n) es m谩s efectivo que el resto. Si bien, otros datos analizados en el presente trabajo indican que es conveniente dise帽ar programas con m谩s de ocho sesiones de clase para garantizar una modificaci贸n de actitudes de efecto significativo y estable en el tiempo. Finalmente, se dan a conocer los tres programas educativos de sensibilizaci贸n hacia las personas con discapacidadThe aim of the study was to analyze the impact of three educational programs designed for the attentiveness and the positive modification of attitudes toward people with disabilities. Each of the programs was implemented from the area of Physical Education during eight class sessions. For this purpose, four groups were configured: one received an intervention based on the contact technique (n = 87); another group in the simulation technique (n = 97); a third group received an intervention based on contact and simulation (n = 93); and a fourth group was a witness or control without any intervention (n = 93). Attitudes towards disability were measured on three occasions: before intervention (pre), at the end of the intervention (post) and four months later (follow-up), using the Spanish translation of the Chedoke-McMaster Attitudes Toward Children with Handicaps Scale (CATCH). Data were analyzed using general linear model of repeated measures and adjustment of variables (MANCOVA). The results allow to conclude that the program that combines a greater number of techniques (contact and simulation) is more effective than the rest. However, other data analyzed in the present study indicate that it is convenient to design programs with more than eight class sessions to guarantee a modification of attitudes that have a significant and stable effect over time. Finally, the three educational programs to improve awareness of people with disabilities are presente

    Changing attitudes towards disability: design of an awareness program in Physical Education

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    De acuerdo a los datos de la Organizaci贸n Mundial de la Salud, un 15% de la poblaci贸n vive con alg煤n tipo de discapacidad. En Espa帽a, m谩s de ciento setenta mil estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales est谩n escolarizados en centros educativos ordinarios. Sin embargo, no abundan los programas de sensibilizaci贸n hacia la discapacidad que hayan sido adecuadamente validados y publicados en revistas cient铆ficas. Este trabajo presenta el dise帽o y la validaci贸n mediante juicio cr铆tico de expertos de un Programa Educativo de Sensibilizaci贸n hacia las Personas con Discapacidad (ocho sesiones, 50 minutos por sesi贸n), utilizando como herramienta b谩sica la actividad f铆sico-deportiva y vali茅ndose de cuatro t茅cnicas: informaci贸n acerca de la discapacidad, contacto directo e indirecto con personas con discapacidad, simulaci贸n de diversas discapacidades, y discusi贸n en grupo. Los resultados cuantitativos y cualitativos emitidos por los expertos confirmaron la validaci贸n del Programa. Se concluye que el Programa es un recurso pr谩ctico, sencillo y eficaz tanto para la formaci贸n como para la pr谩ctica diaria del profesorado de Educaci贸n F铆sica que quiera ser part铆cipe de una acci贸n docente m谩s transformadora e inclusivaAccording to the World Health Organization, 15% of the population copes with some type of disability. In Spain, more than one hundred and seventy thousand students with special educational needs are enrolled in ordinary educational centers. However, disability awareness programs that have been adequately validated and published in scientific journals are scarce. This work presents the design and the validation by critical judgment of experts of an Educational Program of Awareness towards People with Disabilities (eight sessions, 50 minutes per session). This Program consists of using sports and physical activity as a tool along with four different techniques: providing information about various disabilities, arranging direct and indirect contact with people with disabilities, incorporating simulations of various disabilities, and finally conducting group discussions. The quantitative and qualitative results issued by experts confirm the validity of the Program. The Program is a practical, simple and effective resource both for training and for the daily practice of Physical Education teachers who want to be part of a more transformative and inclusive teaching approac

    Determinants of the Techniques of change of Attitudes towards Disability in Educational Programs: an International Review

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    En el presente estudio se analizan los factores que pueden contribuir a la planificaci贸n correcta y al 茅xito de programas de cambio de actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad en un contexto educativo. la informaci贸n que se presenta procede de la revisi贸n extensa de la literatura actual sobre programas que se han llevado a cabo, adem谩s de la amplia informaci贸n compilada por los autores a trav茅s de a帽os de estudio. los factores determinantes encontrados fueron categorizados en funci贸n de las t茅cnicas, mayoritariamente utilizadas en la literatura, para modificar las actitudes hacia la discapacidad: informaci贸n, contacto, simulaci贸n y grupos de discusi贸n. los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de implicar a todos los miembros de la comunidad educativa (administraci贸n, alumnado, profesores, padres), a la vez que dise帽ar y planificar de forma minuciosa los programas de cambio de actitudes. Programas que han de contener informaci贸n libre de estereotipos, interacci贸n cooperativa, duradera y gratificante con personas con discapacidad, adem谩s de periodos de reflexi贸n y discusi贸n donde el alumnado pueda expresar libremente sus sentimientos y aportar soluciones a los problemas que plantea la inclusi贸n. Adem谩s, se responde a cuestiones relacionadas con la idoneidad de combinar t茅cnicas, la posible evaluaci贸n de los programas y la perdurabilidad de los cambios conseguidosThe present study analyzes the factors that can contribute to the proper planning and success of programs of change of attitudes towards people with disabilities in an educational context. The information presented has been extracted from an extensive review of current literature on programs that have been carried out. In addition, extensive information has been compiled by the authors through years of study. The determining factors found have been categorized according to the techniques mostly used in the literature to change attitudes towards disability: information, contact, simulation and discussion groups. Results point to the need to involve all members of the school community (administration, students, teachers, parents), and to minutely design and plan the programs of change of attitudes. Programs must contain information free of stereotypes as well as cooperative, sustainable and rewarding interaction with people with disabilities, in addition to periods of reflection and discussion where students can freely express their feelings and provide solutions to problems posed by inclusion. Furthermore, it responds to issues related to the suitability of combining techniques, the possible assessment of programs and the perdurability of the changes achieve

    Escala de Autoeficacia Motriz: propiedades psicom茅tricas y resultados de su aplicaci贸n a la poblaci贸n escolar espa帽ola

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    This study analysed the new Self-Efficacy Motor Scale (seMs), the motor efficacy evaluation (Mee) in adolescents and its relation with variables such as general self-efficacy, speed-agility, dynamic coordination and cardiorespiratory adaptation. To do so, an ex post facto design was devised, using a sample of 1.288 adolescents (14.9 卤 1.7 years) from six spanish regions. The seMs is one-dimensional with a good internal consistency (a = .89). Boys reported higher motor self-efficacy than girls did, regardless of age. Among girls only, the older the age, the lower the expectations of efficacy. The Mee is closely related to the general self-efficacy variable (r= .62). we conclude that the seMs is an original, unpublished instrument that has been shown to have high reliability and sufficient validity in terms of content, construct and criteria for measuring perceived self-efficacy in challenging situations of physical activityEste trabajo analiz贸 la nueva Escala de Autoeficacia Motriz (e-AeM), la valoraci贸n de autoeficacia motriz (AeM) en adolescentes y su relaci贸n con variables como la autoeficacia general, la velocidad-agilidad, la coordinaci贸n din谩mica y la adaptaci贸n cardiorrespiratoria. Para ello se procedi贸 con un dise帽o ex post facto, vali茅ndose de una muestra 1.288 adolescentes (14.9卤1,7 a帽os), de seis comunidades aut贸nomas espa帽olas. La e-AeM es unidimensional y con buena consistencia interna a= .89). Los chicos declaran mayor autoeficacia motriz que las chicas, independientemente de la edad s贸lo entre las chicas, cuantos m谩s a帽os se tienen menor es la expectativa de eficacia. La AeM est谩 altamente relacionada con la variable autoeficacia general (r= .62). se concluye que la e-AeM es un instrumento original e in茅dito, que ha mostrado alta fiabilidad y suficiente validez de contenido, constructo y criterio para medir la percepci贸n de eficacia propia en situaciones-reto en la actividad f铆sic

    Self-efficacy motor scale: psycometric properties and the results of its application to the spanish school population

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    This study analysed the new Self-Efficacy Motor Scale (seMs), the motor efficacy evaluation (Mee) in adolescents and its relation with variables such as general self-efficacy, speed-agility, dynamic coordination and cardiorespiratory adaptation. To do so, an ex post facto design was devised, using a sample of 1.288 adolescents (14.9 卤 1.7 years) from six spanish regions. The seMs is one-dimensional with a good internal consistency (a = .89). Boys reported higher motor self-efficacy than girls did, regardless of age. Among girls only, the older the age, the lower the expectations of efficacy. The Mee is closely related to the general self-efficacy variable (r= .62). we conclude that the seMs is an original, unpublished instrument that has been shown to have high reliability and sufficient validity in terms of content, construct and criteria for measuring perceived self-efficacy in challenging situations of physical activityEste estudio se ha realizado gracias a fondos parciales de los proyectos BSO 2002-00502 y SEJ2007-67267/EDUC, concedidos por el Ministerio de Educaci贸

    Acquisition of competences to prevent the aquatic accident: a service learning project with university students and population with different abilities

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    En esta investigaci贸n se pretende demostrar que la metodolog铆a aprendizaje-servicio es una herramienta eficaz para que las personas con discapacidad intelectual, adquieran las competencias necesarias para resolver el ahogamiento de otra persona, asumiendo un riesgo m铆nimo. Por otro lado, tambi茅n se pretende conocer la percepci贸n del alumnado universitario sobre el efecto que les ha producido la participaci贸n en un proyecto de aprendizaje y servicio desarrollado con personas con discapacidad intelectual. Para la consecuci贸n de estos objetivos se ha contado con la participaci贸n voluntaria de estudiantes del Grado en Ciencias de la Actividad F铆sica y del Deporte para impartir dos sesiones de salvamento acu谩tico a un grupo de personas con discapacidad intelectual. La metodolog铆a utilizada en esta investigaci贸n ha sido tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa. Los resultados demuestran que la metodolog铆a aprendizaje y servicio es una herramienta 煤til para mejorar la seguridad de las personas con discapacidad intelectual en el medio acu谩tico. Respecto al segundo de los objetivos planteados para este trabajo, se concluye que el alumnado universitario ha percibido que su competencia acad茅mica, su respeto y su comprensi贸n hacia las personas con discapacidad intelectual ha aumentado. Al mismo tiempo, el alumnado ha apreciado cambios en su identidad personal y han manifestado la intenci贸n de implicarse en proyectos que tengan un impacto social positivo en el futuro.This research aims to demonstrate that the service-learning methodology is an effective tool for people with intellectual disabilities to acquire the necessary skills to solve the drowning of another person, assuming minimal risk. In addition, it is also intended to know the perception of university students about the effect that the participation in a service-learning project developed with people with intellectual disabilities, has caused on them. To achieve these objectives, this research has had the voluntary participation of students of the Physical Activity and Sport Science Degree to provide two sessions of aquatic rescue to a group of people with intellectual disability. The methodology used in this study has been quantitative and qualitative. The results show that the service-learning methodology is a useful tool to improve the safety of people with intellectual disabilities in the aquatic environment. Regarding the second of the objectives set for this study, it is concluded that university students have perceived that their academic competence, their respect and their understanding towards people with intellectual disabilities has increased. At the same time, the students have perceived changes in their personal identity and they have expressed the intention to be involved in projects with a positive social impact in the future
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